- From: Pat Hayes <phayes@ai.uwf.edu>
- Date: Tue, 22 Jan 2002 18:04:28 -0600
- To: Brian McBride <bwm@hplb.hpl.hp.com>
- Cc: w3c-rdfcore-wg@w3.org
>I received the message below from a member of the new Technical
>Architecture Group.
>
>I'm thinking of sending a response along the lines of:
>
>I would like the TAG to define the foundations of the architecture
>of the web. The concept of a resource is fundamental to web
>architecture, yet it is very hard to pin down exactly what it means
>and how it relates to the concepts of URI, URI reference and
>namespace. I suggest the TAG publish a W3C recommendation
>containing a description and a formal model explaining:
>
> o what is a resource
> o How URI's relate to resources (e.g. can the same resource
> be named by more than one URI)
> o what is named by a URI reference and how does this relate to resources
> o what is a namespace and how do the names within it relate to URI's and URI
> references
> o the operation of the http protocol within the context of this model.
>
>I would welcome comments on the above and other suggestions in
>response to the TAG's request. I can respond with either a
>suggestion from the WG as a whole, or with a collection of
>suggestions from individual members of the WG.
I agree that these issues need to be addressed, but I would try
wording the questions a bit more carefully. For example "what is a
resource?" sounds like an invitation to try one's hand at
metaphysics, which may be mistake when addressed to the TAG. How
about making the questions more pointed, along the lines:
What is a 'resource'?
The central term "resource" is nowhere clearly defined, and seems to
be surrounded by unspoken assumptions and even internal
contradictions. The commonly used citation (ref RFC2396) seems to
simultaneously imply a very large scope ("a resource can be anything
that has an identity", which seems to cover everything in the
universe, and maybe some things that are not in it, such as unicorns)
and also a rather restricted scope ("having identified a resource, a
system may perform a variety of operations on the resource", which
seems to imply that resources are computable entities that can be
manipulated by machines.). In fact, it seems to contradict itself in
several ways, eg in explicitly stating that a resource may be
something that is not web-accessible, such as a book, but then going
on to talk of manipulating the resource. It also implies that a
(singular) resource may retain, or perhaps consist of, an unchanged
'conceptual mapping' while also changing its 'content', apparently
assuming an underlying temporal model that is nowhere defined or even
stated explicitly. In general, the intended nature of "resources" is
left very vague and ill-defined.
How URIs relate to resources.
Several different kinds of relationship are possible. One is that a
URI should be thought of as a generic kind of name, and its
connection to the resource it identifies is like that of other naming
expressions in logical or natural languages. Another is that a URI is
a kind of global addressing scheme, which can be used to retrieve
some computable structure, document or text; this is the older sense
of URL, of course. Another is that a URI implicitly identifies a
process which when set in motion will result in some value (which
might itself be a name or referring expression in the first sense, or
a document or structure in the second sense) being 'delivered' to the
'caller', ie as a kind of computational identifier whose value
reflects the current 'state' of the Web itself. (This latter would be
one way to make sense of the above-mentioned discussion of 'mapping'
versus 'content' in RFC2396, for example.) No doubt there are other
possibilities. Some clarification on which of these are intended
would be valuable (or even a clear statement that they all can be,
and that no restriction to one over the other is intended; in which
case it would also be useful to have some guidance on what kinds of
relationship are intended among the various possible
interpretations.) Currently, the 'content languages' being developed
for web use make overly simple assumptions about URIs, eg the RDF
model theory assumes that URIs are logically the same as simple
names. This is obviously a simplification of the true state of
affairs; but without some clarification, it is difficult to do any
better. Progress in making more sophisticated (and hence useful)
standards is currently blocked by the lack of clarity on these
central issues.
A more recent document (http://www.w3.org/TR/uri-clarification/)
unfortunately only adds to the confusion. It notes that a 'classical'
view partitioned URIs into names (URNs) versus location identifiers
(URLs), but goes on to describe a 'contemporary' view which fails to
classify them in any meaningful way. This does not add any clarity to
the overall framework, however. This document for example states that
according to the contemporary view, "a URL is a type of URI that
identifies a resource via a representation of its primary access
mechanism (e.g., its network "location"), rather than by some other
attributes it may have." This seems to imply that the resource *is*
the document that is retrieved by using the URL (since that is the
entity that can be said to have a network "location"), rather than
anything that such a document may indicate or name, such as a book in
a library (cf. RFC2396). It also assumes that location is an
attribute, which raises a number of other questions, including
whether or not the same entity (resource) might have different
locations at different times (by changing this attribute).
All these documents leave open a large number of issues connected
with how to refer to *parts* of a document that has a URI.
For an example of the kind of confusion that results from the lack of
clear statements in this area, suppose that an RDF document has a URI
which is used as the subject of an RDF triple in another document. As
things stand, this might mean that something is being asserted in the
second document about the first document; about some thing mentioned
in the document; about the content of the document more generally (eg
that it implies some other document), about the history or provenance
of the document, about the current state of the document, or about
the current content of the document.
Pat
>Brian
>
>
>
>>Dear chairs,
>>
>>The TAG requests your assistance in two matters. Firstly, the TAG solicits
>>your input on topics that the TAG should address. The TAG has the charter
>>to publish recommendations on issues. We believe in surveying a wide
>>spectrum of parties for issues to address, and your help would be
>>appreciated. Secondly, some members of the TAG also believe that the TAG
>>should provide artifacts/documents that provide context for Recommendations.
>>One example of the context is an architecture document with various text and
>>diagrams. The TAG solicits your input on what forms of context would be
>>useful to you.
>>
>>The technical plenary agenda [1] has a portion of time for the TAG. We
>>would like to present information on our documentation deliverables and
>>issues list during the session, so your feedback sufficiently before then
>>would be much appreciated.
>>
>>Cheers,
>>Dave Orchard
>>
>>[1] http://www.w3.org/2001/07/Plenary/Agenda.html
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Received on Tuesday, 22 January 2002 19:04:30 UTC