Re: Summary of Telco 07.02.2014

Dear Philipp,

Thanks for the updates.
I have direclty modified the text in the specification (maybe I should 
not?), but we can still reconsider this...
On the one hand, I thought it is important to specify already at the 
introduction that there is one type of variation that is established 
between LexicalEntries (i.e., define LexicalVariants), how do you see it?
On the other, I was not so happy with the "terminology" used when 
dealing with cross-lingual variants, specifically when stating that 
Translations are literal translations...
 From the Translation discipline perspective, this would be problematic, 
IMHO.

  * I think we should refer to them as Translations or Interlingual
    variants (in general). That is what people interested in
    multilinguality will be looking for, I think. If you think that the
    MultiWordNet community would be happier with Inter-lingual variant
    is fine, but the translation or terminology community will be
    looking for "translation". Would it be feasible to keep both
    denominations? Since this is a lexicon model (for ontologies, of
    course, but still we are at the lexical level), I would be inclined
    to think that the most appropriate term is translation, but I am
    open to change my mind... :)
  * As for the types of translation we may account for, I would talk of
    "equivalents", but not identify "translations" exclusivly and
    explicitly with "literal translations". I was trying to make this
    clear during out last telco, but maybe I failed... :) That is why I
    was proposing direct equivalents, to distinguish them from cultural
    equivalents.

As for the question in your e-mail referring to "paraphrase", yes, I 
think we could put it that way...
Best,
Elena

El 13/02/2014 10:02, Philipp Cimiano escribió:
> Hi Elena, all,
>
>  I have updated the wiki reflecting the discussion of last week; 
> however, I have not introduced SenseRelations explicitly yet. I am not 
> sure we should.
>
> In any case, we agree in principle on the categories mentioned by you 
> Elena, but I have one question on the lexical equivalent: this is 
> essentially a paraphrase, right?
>
> Philipp.
>
> Am 07.02.14 17:27, schrieb Elena Montiel Ponsoda:
>> Dear John,
>>
>> Thanks for the summary (Philipp, do not stay away... we missed you... 
>> ;)).
>>
>> Regarding the Translation part, I think we had a nice discussion, but 
>> we need to work a little bit more on that.
>> I tend to think of Term Variants as within the same language 
>> (intra-lingua), and Translations between languages (inter-lingua). 
>> For this reason, I am not so sure I would like to consider 
>> Translation a Term Variant, but I will further think about it... :)
>>
>> In a paper we at UPM just got accepted at the LREC conference, we 
>> were proposing 3 different types of *translation equivalents*.
>>
>>  1. *direct equivalent *(what people normally understad as "pure
>>     translation"): The two terms describe semantically equivalent
>>     entities that refer to entities that exist in both cultures and
>>     languages. E.g. surrogate mother, madre de alquiler, mère
>>     porteuse. It is true that they could further be considered
>>     *dimensional variants*, since each language/culture emphasizes a
>>     different aspect of the concept.
>>  2. *cultural equivalent*: Typically, the two terms describe entities
>>     that are not semantically but pragmatically equivalent, since
>>     they describe similar situations in different cultures and
>>     languages. E.g., “Ecole Normal” (FR) 
 “Teachers college” (EN).
>>     The Prime Minister and Busdeskanzler example would also be valid
>>     here. And I think this is the type of *link or cross-lingual
>>     alignment you would use in **Interlingual Indexes for WordNets
>>     when no "direct equivalent" in available*.
>>  3. *lexical equivalent*: It is said of those terms in different
>>     languages that usually point to the same entity, but one of the
>>     verbalizes the original term by using target language words.
>>     E.g., “Ecole Normal” (FR) 
 “(French) Normal School” (EN). The
>>     concept of Normal School does not exist in England, but English
>>     people have verbalized it in English.
>>
>>
>> Does it make sense?
>> We will also work on this and update the wiki with examples/code 
>> accordingly.
>> Have a nice weekend!
>> Elena.
>>
>> El 07/02/2014 16:59, Philipp Cimiano escribió:
>>> Dear all,
>>>
>>> very nice, it seems that the telco was very productive without me, I 
>>> should consider staying away now and then ;-)
>>>
>>> I will work this into the current document next week.
>>>
>>> Best regards,
>>>
>>> Philipp.
>>>
>>> Am 07.02.14 16:29, schrieb John P. McCrae:
>>>> Hi all,
>>>>
>>>> So today at the telco we had myself, Paul, Francesca, Elena and Lupe.
>>>>
>>>> We discussed based on Philipp's proposal
>>>>
>>>>     I propose we go with the following four variants + translation:
>>>>     1) FormVariant: Relation between two forms of one lexical entry
>>>>     2) LexicalVariant: Relation between two lexical entries that
>>>>     are related by some well-defined string-operation (e.g.
>>>>     creating an initialism like in FAO)
>>>>     3) TerminlogicalVariant: Relation between two lexical senses
>>>>     (with the same reference) of two lexical entries; the lexical
>>>>     entries are thus uniquely determined; the senses might have
>>>>     different contextual and pragmatic conditions (register, etc.)
>>>>     4) SemanticVariant: As 3) Relation between senses with
>>>>     references that are ontologically related, either by
>>>>     subsumption or are children of a common superconcept (see my
>>>>     paella and risotto example)
>>>>     5) Translation: As with 3), but involving entries from
>>>>     different languages.
>>>>     So we would have one relation between forms (FormVariant), one
>>>>     relation between lexical entries (LexicalVariant), and three
>>>>     relations at the sense level (TerminologicalVariant,
>>>>     SemanticVariant and Translation).
>>>>     We might think about introducing a SenseRelation as a
>>>>     superclass of TerminologicalVariant, SemanticVariant and
>>>>     Translation. Hypernym and Hyponym would also be a SenseRelation
>>>>     in this sense.
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> The discussion was as follows:
>>>> *
>>>> *
>>>> *Form variants*: We discussed the need to distinguish form 
>>>> (inflectional) variants as opposed to lexical (entry) variants. The 
>>>> primary reason for this was to separate variation between 
>>>> LexicalEntrys and Form (as defined in the core). It was felt that 
>>>> the distinction between form and lexical variant was too 
>>>> fine-grained and that the modelling of this as variants is probably 
>>>> not appropriate. For example, if we consider
>>>>
>>>> :Cat a LexicalEntry
>>>>   ontolex:canonicalForm :Cat#CanonicalForm (writtenRep "cat"@eng),
>>>>   ontolex:otherForm :Cat#PluralForm  (writtenRep "cats"@eng) .
>>>>
>>>> Then modelling the relationship as
>>>>
>>>> :Cat#CanonicalForm ontolex:plural :Cat#PluralForm
>>>>
>>>> is inferior to (especially in the case that there are large number 
>>>> of inflections of a single lemma, such as an Italian verb)
>>>>
>>>> :Cat#CanonicalForm ontolex:number ontolex:singular .
>>>> :Cat#PluralForm ontolex:number ontolex:plural .
>>>>
>>>> For these reasons, it was preferred not to introduce form variants
>>>>
>>>> *Term(inological)Variants/SemanticVariant: *We agreed with the idea 
>>>> of introducing a superclass SenseRelation subsuming both 
>>>> TermVariants and SemanticVariants as follows
>>>>
>>>>   * TermVariants have the same reference (e.g., diachronic,
>>>>     diatopic etc.)
>>>>   * SemanticVariants have different references (e.g., antonymy,
>>>>     "similar", (maybe?) hypernymy)
>>>>
>>>> It was also suggested to shorten the name TerminologicalVariant to 
>>>> TermVariant
>>>>
>>>> *Translation: *We discussed the idea of distinguishing between 
>>>> (Lemma/Term) *Translation* and *Culturally-Equivalent Translation 
>>>> *by saying *Translation * is a *TermVariant * and 
>>>> *Culturally-Equivalent Translation* is a *Semantic Variant.*
>>>> It was suggested that we consider introducing a class 
>>>> *MultilingualVariant** subsuming *Translation *and*C.E.T. *and 
>>>> subsumed by *SenseRelation, *for relations between languages, this 
>>>> would also include broader/narrower cross-lingual alignments as 
>>>> used in Interlingual Indexes for WordNets etc.
>>>> * or cross-lingual variant or inter-lingual variant
>>>>
>>>> I attach a diagram to show the proposal
>>>>
>>>> Regards,
>>>> John
>>>>
>>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> -- 
>>>
>>> Prof. Dr. Philipp Cimiano
>>>
>>> Phone: +49 521 106 12249
>>> Fax: +49 521 106 12412
>>> Mail:cimiano@cit-ec.uni-bielefeld.de
>>>
>>> Forschungsbau Intelligente Systeme (FBIIS)
>>> Raum 2.307
>>> Universität Bielefeld
>>> Inspiration 1
>>> 33619 Bielefeld
>>
>>
>> -- 
>> Elena Montiel-Ponsoda
>> Ontology Engineering Group (OEG)
>> Departamento de Inteligencia Artificial
>> Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Informáticos
>> Campus de Montegancedo s/n
>> Boadilla del Monte-28660 Madrid, España
>> www.oeg-upm.net
>> Tel. (+34) 91 336 36 70
>> Fax  (+34) 91 352 48 19
>
>
> -- 
>
> Prof. Dr. Philipp Cimiano
>
> Phone: +49 521 106 12249
> Fax: +49 521 106 12412
> Mail:cimiano@cit-ec.uni-bielefeld.de
>
> Forschungsbau Intelligente Systeme (FBIIS)
> Raum 2.307
> Universität Bielefeld
> Inspiration 1
> 33619 Bielefeld

-- 
Elena Montiel-Ponsoda
Ontology Engineering Group (OEG)
Departamento de Inteligencia Artificial
Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Informáticos
Campus de Montegancedo s/n
Boadilla del Monte-28660 Madrid, España
www.oeg-upm.net
Tel. (+34) 91 336 36 70
Fax  (+34) 91 352 48 19