Re: Summary of Telco 07.02.2014

Hi Elena, all,

  I have updated the wiki reflecting the discussion of last week; 
however, I have not introduced SenseRelations explicitly yet. I am not 
sure we should.

In any case, we agree in principle on the categories mentioned by you 
Elena, but I have one question on the lexical equivalent: this is 
essentially a paraphrase, right?

Philipp.

Am 07.02.14 17:27, schrieb Elena Montiel Ponsoda:
> Dear John,
>
> Thanks for the summary (Philipp, do not stay away... we missed you... 
> ;)).
>
> Regarding the Translation part, I think we had a nice discussion, but 
> we need to work a little bit more on that.
> I tend to think of Term Variants as within the same language 
> (intra-lingua), and Translations between languages (inter-lingua). For 
> this reason, I am not so sure I would like to consider Translation a 
> Term Variant, but I will further think about it... :)
>
> In a paper we at UPM just got accepted at the LREC conference, we were 
> proposing 3 different types of *translation equivalents*.
>
>  1. *direct equivalent *(what people normally understad as "pure
>     translation"): The two terms describe semantically equivalent
>     entities that refer to entities that exist in both cultures and
>     languages. E.g. surrogate mother, madre de alquiler, mère
>     porteuse. It is true that they could further be considered
>     *dimensional variants*, since each language/culture emphasizes a
>     different aspect of the concept.
>  2. *cultural equivalent*: Typically, the two terms describe entities
>     that are not semantically but pragmatically equivalent, since they
>     describe similar situations in different cultures and languages.
>     E.g., “Ecole Normal” (FR) 
 “Teachers college” (EN). The Prime
>     Minister and Busdeskanzler example would also be valid here. And I
>     think this is the type of *link or cross-lingual alignment you
>     would use in **Interlingual Indexes for WordNets when no "direct
>     equivalent" in available*.
>  3. *lexical equivalent*: It is said of those terms in different
>     languages that usually point to the same entity, but one of the
>     verbalizes the original term by using target language words. E.g.,
>     “Ecole Normal” (FR) 
 “(French) Normal School” (EN). The concept
>     of Normal School does not exist in England, but English people
>     have verbalized it in English.
>
>
> Does it make sense?
> We will also work on this and update the wiki with examples/code 
> accordingly.
> Have a nice weekend!
> Elena.
>
> El 07/02/2014 16:59, Philipp Cimiano escribió:
>> Dear all,
>>
>> very nice, it seems that the telco was very productive without me, I 
>> should consider staying away now and then ;-)
>>
>> I will work this into the current document next week.
>>
>> Best regards,
>>
>> Philipp.
>>
>> Am 07.02.14 16:29, schrieb John P. McCrae:
>>> Hi all,
>>>
>>> So today at the telco we had myself, Paul, Francesca, Elena and Lupe.
>>>
>>> We discussed based on Philipp's proposal
>>>
>>>     I propose we go with the following four variants + translation:
>>>     1) FormVariant: Relation between two forms of one lexical entry
>>>     2) LexicalVariant: Relation between two lexical entries that are
>>>     related by some well-defined string-operation (e.g. creating an
>>>     initialism like in FAO)
>>>     3) TerminlogicalVariant: Relation between two lexical senses
>>>     (with the same reference) of two lexical entries; the lexical
>>>     entries are thus uniquely determined; the senses might have
>>>     different contextual and pragmatic conditions (register, etc.)
>>>     4) SemanticVariant: As 3) Relation between senses with
>>>     references that are ontologically related, either by subsumption
>>>     or are children of a common superconcept (see my paella and
>>>     risotto example)
>>>     5) Translation: As with 3), but involving entries from different
>>>     languages.
>>>     So we would have one relation between forms (FormVariant), one
>>>     relation between lexical entries (LexicalVariant), and three
>>>     relations at the sense level (TerminologicalVariant,
>>>     SemanticVariant and Translation).
>>>     We might think about introducing a SenseRelation as a superclass
>>>     of TerminologicalVariant, SemanticVariant and Translation.
>>>     Hypernym and Hyponym would also be a SenseRelation in this sense.
>>>
>>>
>>> The discussion was as follows:
>>> *
>>> *
>>> *Form variants*: We discussed the need to distinguish form 
>>> (inflectional) variants as opposed to lexical (entry) variants. The 
>>> primary reason for this was to separate variation between 
>>> LexicalEntrys and Form (as defined in the core). It was felt that 
>>> the distinction between form and lexical variant was too 
>>> fine-grained and that the modelling of this as variants is probably 
>>> not appropriate. For example, if we consider
>>>
>>> :Cat a LexicalEntry
>>>   ontolex:canonicalForm :Cat#CanonicalForm (writtenRep "cat"@eng),
>>>   ontolex:otherForm :Cat#PluralForm  (writtenRep "cats"@eng) .
>>>
>>> Then modelling the relationship as
>>>
>>> :Cat#CanonicalForm ontolex:plural :Cat#PluralForm
>>>
>>> is inferior to (especially in the case that there are large number 
>>> of inflections of a single lemma, such as an Italian verb)
>>>
>>> :Cat#CanonicalForm ontolex:number ontolex:singular .
>>> :Cat#PluralForm ontolex:number ontolex:plural .
>>>
>>> For these reasons, it was preferred not to introduce form variants
>>>
>>> *Term(inological)Variants/SemanticVariant: *We agreed with the idea 
>>> of introducing a superclass SenseRelation subsuming both 
>>> TermVariants and SemanticVariants as follows
>>>
>>>   * TermVariants have the same reference (e.g., diachronic, diatopic
>>>     etc.)
>>>   * SemanticVariants have different references (e.g., antonymy,
>>>     "similar", (maybe?) hypernymy)
>>>
>>> It was also suggested to shorten the name TerminologicalVariant to 
>>> TermVariant
>>>
>>> *Translation: *We discussed the idea of distinguishing between 
>>> (Lemma/Term) *Translation* and *Culturally-Equivalent Translation 
>>> *by saying *Translation * is a *TermVariant * and 
>>> *Culturally-Equivalent Translation* is a *Semantic Variant.*
>>> It was suggested that we consider introducing a class 
>>> *MultilingualVariant** subsuming *Translation *and*C.E.T. *and 
>>> subsumed by *SenseRelation, *for relations between languages, this 
>>> would also include broader/narrower cross-lingual alignments as used 
>>> in Interlingual Indexes for WordNets etc.
>>> * or cross-lingual variant or inter-lingual variant
>>>
>>> I attach a diagram to show the proposal
>>>
>>> Regards,
>>> John
>>>
>>>
>>
>>
>> -- 
>>
>> Prof. Dr. Philipp Cimiano
>>
>> Phone: +49 521 106 12249
>> Fax: +49 521 106 12412
>> Mail:cimiano@cit-ec.uni-bielefeld.de
>>
>> Forschungsbau Intelligente Systeme (FBIIS)
>> Raum 2.307
>> Universität Bielefeld
>> Inspiration 1
>> 33619 Bielefeld
>
>
> -- 
> Elena Montiel-Ponsoda
> Ontology Engineering Group (OEG)
> Departamento de Inteligencia Artificial
> Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Informáticos
> Campus de Montegancedo s/n
> Boadilla del Monte-28660 Madrid, España
> www.oeg-upm.net
> Tel. (+34) 91 336 36 70
> Fax  (+34) 91 352 48 19


-- 

Prof. Dr. Philipp Cimiano

Phone: +49 521 106 12249
Fax: +49 521 106 12412
Mail: cimiano@cit-ec.uni-bielefeld.de

Forschungsbau Intelligente Systeme (FBIIS)
Raum 2.307
Universität Bielefeld
Inspiration 1
33619 Bielefeld