- From: Jeremy Carroll <jjc@hplb.hpl.hp.com>
- Date: Tue, 11 Dec 2001 10:08:52 -0000
- To: "Pat Hayes" <phayes@ai.uwf.edu>, "Smith, Ned" <ned.smith@intel.com>
- Cc: "'Dan Connolly'" <connolly@w3.org>, "Jeff Heflin" <heflin@cse.lehigh.edu>, "Deborah McGuinness" <dlm@ksl.stanford.edu>, <jeremy_carroll@hp.com>, <jos.deroo.jd@belgium.agfa.com>, <herman.ter.horst@philips.com>, <hendler@cs.umd.edu>, <www-archive@w3.org>
> > > >The scalability requirements ought to be sensitive to small > >ontologies also (or more precisely, highly granular distributed > >ontologies) ala purvasive sensors/actuators and other small devices > >that may describe themselves via ontology and be linked to other > >devices where the conglomerate is also an ontology. > > Is, or is connected via ? The idea that a conglomerate of devices IS > an ontology is an interesting and (to me) novel idea. > > >An "ontology web" > >or "web of ontologies" has been mentioned on the list. Is scalability > >the one word that captures all this? > > Yes, I wonder quite what 'scalability' is supposed to mean. Maybe an > example of something that isn't scaleable would be helpful (?) > > I can do that one! (A true story) Suppose we are an ice cream manufacturer with subsidiaries throughout europe. Each subsidiary runs Oracle 8.3 (I don't whether there is such a version), and puts their business data such as a table of wholesale and retail outlets and the number of each product sold through each. The table schemata are designed independently. The table and coloumn names are of course in different languages. They do not match up. Even if we 'translate' them, the information in the various databases is incompatible. A core problem being the SKU (Stock keeping unit - approx. how many ice creams go in a box). A second problem being that the ice-cream consumption prediction algorithms vary across Europe and the parameters for these algorithms vary too. There is no viable way of wrapping the various DBs to allow interoperability. Result: we have spent a lot on rebranding each subsidiary to have the same logo. We have redesigned all our packaging to have no natural language information on it. It is theoretical possible to have cross border movements of ice cream, but the information systems can't handle it. [Cross border movements of ice-cream in Europe would be rational since European weather is more constant than the weather in any one country]. ==== My view of the requirements is: + we should expect different people to describe similar things in different ways, putting emphases on different aspects. + we enable multiple independently developed ontologies to interoperate + we should allow/encourage the same data to be expressed in multiple ways. Given that that is hard, simply being able to name the ontologies and all their parts is a good thing. I beleive that in the first instance the interoperability sought will come from code not dissimilar to legacy wrapping code, i.e. pretty horrible. So, in my example, I see the Italian ice-cream data being expressed in the Italian gelato ontology. For interoperating with the French ice-cream data, we can overlay the Italian data with additional links expressed in the French glaces ontology. This overlay is produced (in my model) by a load of unprincipled and essentially ad hoc code. For me, the inconsistency issue then arises since the description of the French glaces ontology will have arisen in a mono-cultural context, and is likely to be self-consistent. The Italian data conforms with different assumptions and the overlay according to the French ontology is unlikely to be perfect. It is likely to have mistakes. If we view ontology as a classical logic exercise every bug is fatal, since contradictions are non-local. However, experience in integrating IT systems suggests that conversely bugs are usually local, and that most of the time inconsistency is bad but not fatal. Jeremy
Received on Tuesday, 11 December 2001 05:09:58 UTC