- From: Hetrea, Carmen <CHetrea@eb.com>
- Date: Tue, 12 Nov 2013 17:45:35 +0000
- To: list <public-vocabs@w3.org>
- CC: "Hetrea, Carmen" <CHetrea@eb.com>, "Cranmer, Paul" <PCranmer@eb.com>
- Message-ID: <71fa35b8d9544575a277366bc05a22bf@MAIL03.britannica.net>
Hi, all,
We have not heard back from the contact group below and are wondering whether our proposal has been received and whether it is being considered.
I will try to resubmit it to the various e-mail addresses that I can find but would be grateful for a brief reply from someone working on the schema.org extensions.
Sincerely,
Carmen Hetrea
Director of Knowledge Architecture, Encyclopaedia Britannica
312.347.7071; chetrea@eb.com
From: Hetrea, Carmen
Sent: Tuesday, September 24, 2013 1:42 PM
To: schema-org-contact@googlegroups.com
Cc: Cranmer, Paul; Hetrea, Carmen
Subject: proposal by Encyclopaedia Britannica
SCHEMA.ORG ONTOLOGY EXPANSION - a PROPOSAL by Encyclopaedia Britannica
As demonstrated at the Frankfurt Academy's CONTEC 2013 Conference<http://www.buchmesse.de/de/academy/programm/00659/#1> --part of the 2013 Frankfurt Book Fair, there is an increased awareness in the publishing community of the usefulness of the Semantic Web. It is also becoming quite evident that the global publishing community is looking for help and leadership in making the transition to the Semantic Web. We here at Encyclopaedia Britannica have recognized the need to expand the schema.org ontology to accommodate a general knowledge view of the information provided on the Web. It is our hope that we can play an active role in this effort, based on our experience as a general-knowledge content provider, and help facilitate this transition while at the same time assist the expansion of schema.org.
Currently, the top Class in schema.org is Thing. The average person thinks of a Thing as merely one of the standardly recognized organizational categories, those being People, Places, Events, Organizations, Things (objects), and Concepts. There is no Class with its corresponding set of Properties to deal with a Concept as opposed to existing Entities. Also, the properties for People, Organizations, and Events are geared only toward currently active entities rather than toward historical information.
We at Encyclopaedia Britannica strongly believe that there is a real need for a general knowledge view of information and would like to propose that a schema.org ontology be based on it. Such a general knowledge view would automatically include the Classes and Properties that support a business's need to make its information more visible for online retrieval while also enabling publishers of general knowledge content to semantically describe their data.
Proposal:
1. We propose top Class changes
Top Class: SchemaOrgClass
Two major Subclass divisions of information: Concept and Entity.
2. We propose to allow multiple class designation for a given Webpage
This will allow content providers to classify both the subject matter and the delivery format individually as well as accommodate the fact that many general knowledge subjects can belong to more than one class.
For example, if a content provider offers an Article on an Event, both classes should be admissible and recognized by the semantic engine that reads the markup. In the case of a Video showing Angkor Wat, a temple complex in Angkor, Cambodia, the subject is both a Place and a ManMadeObject (in this case a Temple) and the delivery format is Video.
We propose that the Properties associated with all Classes applied to the Webpage be valid for markup.
3. We propose Definitional Class Extensions rather than continually articulating more specific Classes.
a. This is to avoid the need to continually update the Ontology as content providers offer information on an increasing variety of subjects..
b. The Definitional Class Extension is a word or phrase added to the Class that the content provider chooses to introduce as the specific language that further defines the entity in question. For example, the Definitional Class Extension for Angkor Wat could be Complex, so the Class would become Temple Complex (the technical means of adding the extension without affecting the readability of the Ontology class must be decided). The extension could even be augmented to include Bhuddism. Wherever possible the extension language could refer to URIs from a source such as the DBpedia or even the Encyclopaedia Britannica Semantic SPARQL Endpoint to enable further machine disambiguation.
c. Definitional Class Extensions are to be considered part of the Class for semantic disambiguation, both visual as in a Rich Snippet and for search.
d. The word or phrase introduced as Definitional Class Extension does not depend upon visible text for markup, but is introduced as an addition to the Class.
e. The available Properties remain those of the Ontology Class irrespective of the Definitional Class Extension.
The Ontology proposed below has not been integrated with the current Schema..org Ontology. It includes some of the Classes in the Schema.org Ontology, but not all, such as the Intangibles and many of the more narrow classes lower in the hierarchy. It is an attempt to keep the classification at as broad a level as possible while covering all the areas of knowledge. It is proposed for consideration rather than as a replacement of the current ontology.
Proposed General Knowledge Ontology of Classes (not including the current schema.org Intangibles)
Class (see also schema.org classes and properties not included here)
General Properties: description, image, name; alternateName; sameAs; url
Concept
Properties: (hierarchical properties) topConcept; PrimaryBroaderTerm; secondaryBroaderTerm; primaryNarrowerTerm; secondaryNarrowerTerm; relatedTerm; componentTerm;
(definitional properties) definition; category; animalOnly; humanOnly; humanAndAnimal; lifeForm; lifeProcess; naturalObject; naturalProcess; manMadeObject; manMadeProcess;
(associative properties) associatedWith; discoveredBy; dateOfDiscovery; inventedBy; dateOfInvention; developedBy; studiedBy; geologicTime; historicalEra; introducedTo; locatedAt; locatedIn; other; represents; date; startingTime; endingTime;
(transitional properties) inverse; symmetric; follows
BusinessConcept
EducationConcept
FinanceConcept
GeographylConcept
LiteratureConcept
MathematicsConcept
MedicalConcept
PerformingArtsConcept
PhilosophyConcept
PoliticalConcept
ReligionConcept
ScienceConcept
AstronomyConcept
BiologyConcept
ChemistryConcept
EarthScienceConecpt
EnvironmentConcept
PhysicsConcept
SocialConcept
TechnologyConcept
VisualArtsConcept
Entity (specific entities that exist, have existed, or have been imagined)
PersonalEntity
Person (use class extension to indicate author, composer, scientist, etc.)
Properties: (associative properties) activity; knownFor; office; subjectOfStudy; subjectMatter; artisticSchool; authorship; popularize; founderOf; victimOf; influenceOn; influenceOf; supportOf; oppositionTo; leadership; award; collaboration; sharedPrizeWith; dateOfBirth; placeOfBirth; currentPlaceOfBirth; countryOfBirth; currentCountryOfBirth; stateOrProvinceOfBirth; placeOfBaptism; currentPlaceOfBaptism; countryOfBaptism; currentCountryOfBaptism; dateOfDeath; placeOfDeath; currentPlaceOfDeath; placeWhereFoundDead; currentPlaceWhereFoundDead; countryOfDeath; currentCountryOfDeath; stateOrProvinceOfDeath; causeOfDeath; killedInAction; placeOfBurial; currentPlaceOfBurial; countryOfBurial; currentCountryOfBurial; religiousAffiliation; politicalAffiliation; culturalAssociation; nationality; citizenship; naturalizedCitizenship; ethnicity; viewpoint; characterizationIn; family
(modifying properties) uncertain; indirectAssociation; activeRole; passiveRole; near
DynastyFamily
Properties: (associative properties) definition; significance; activity; knownFor; culturalAssociation; ethnicAssociation; nationalAssociation; locationalAssociation; politicalAssociation; religiousAssociation; artisticAssociation; placeOfActiticy; periodOfActivity; startDate; endDate; causeOfDownfall; leadership; victimOf; subjectMatter; indirectAssociation; characterizationIn; characterizedBy; viewpoint; founderOf; oppositionTo; supportOf; influenceOf; influenceOn; sharedPrizeWith; collaboration; family; artisticSchool; award; office; subjectOfStudy;
(modifying properties) uncertain; indirectAssociation; activeRole; passiveRole; near
FictionalBeing
Properties: definition; significance; activity; characterizationIn; maleGender; femaleGender; child; culturalAssociation; indirectAssociation; familyDynastyKinship; locationalAssociation; periodOfAssociation (date span)
(modifying properties) uncertain; indirectAssociation; activeRole; passiveRole
LegendaryBeing
Properties: definition; significance; activity; knownFor; characterizationIn; maleGender; femaleGender; child; associatedLegend; culturalAssociation; indirectAssociation; familyDynastyKinship; locationalAssociation; periodOfAssociation (date span)
(modifying properties) uncertain; indirectAssociation; activeRole; passiveRole
MythologicalBeing
Properties: definition; significance; activity; knownFor; characterizationIn; maleGender; femaleGender; child; associatedMythology; culturalAssociation; indirectAssociation; familyDynastyKinship; locationalAssociation; periodOfAssociation (date span)
(modifying properties) uncertain; indirectAssociation; activeRole; passiveRole
Deity
Properties: definition; significance; activity; knownFor; characterizationIn; maleGender; femaleGender; child; associatedReligion; culturalAssociation; indirectAssociation; familyDynastyKinship; locationalAssociation; periodOfAssociation (date span)
Personification
Properties: definition; significance; activity; knownFor; characterizationIn; maleGender; femaleGender; child; personsonificationOfConcept; culturalAssociation; indirectAssociation; familyDynastyKinship; locationalAssociation; periodOfAssociation (date span)
(modifying properties) uncertain; indirectAssociation; activeRole; passiveRole
Place
PhysicalPlace
Properties: (associative properties) definition; significance; knownFor; partOf; characterizationIn; indirectAssociation; location; siteOf; politicallyPartOf; historicallyPartOf; intersectWithPhysicalPlace; intersectWithPoliticalPlace; containedIn; polOrGeogrComponent; historicalComponent; dependencyOf; includedInPhFeature; intersectWithPhFeature; adjacency; near
Landform
BodyOfWater
NaturalRegion
see also Construction (Subclass of ManMadeObject)
PoliticalPlace
Properties: definition; significance; knownFor; partOf; characterizationIn; victionOf; indirectAssociation; location; siteOf; politicallyPartOf; historicallyPartOf; intersectWithPolPlace; containedBy; polOrGeogrComponent; historicalComponent; dependencyOf; includedInPhFeature; intersectWithPhFeature; adjacency; near; typeOfAdministration
AdministrativeArea (use for any administrative area not defined by subclasses)
NationState
StateOrProvince
City
TownOrVillage
PoliticalRegion
SociographicalPlace
Properties: definition; significance; knownFor; partOf; characterizationIn; victionOf; indirectAssociation; location; siteOf; politicallyPartOf; historicallyPartOf; intersectWithPolPlace; containedBy; polOrGeogrComponent; historicalComponent; dependencyOf; includedInPhFeature; intersectWithPhFeature; adjacency; near
HistoricalPlace
Properties: definition; significance; knownFor; partOf; characterizationIn; victionOf; indirectAssociation; location; siteOf; politicallyPartOf; historicallyPartOf; intersectWithPolPlace; containedBy; polOrGeogrComponent; historicalComponent; dependencyOf; includedInPhFeature; intersectWithPhFeature; adjacency; near
CelestialBody
Properties: definition; significance; knownFor; partOf; intersectWithPhysicalFeature; near; indirectAssociation
see also PhysicalFeature (Subclass of EntityNaturalObject)
see also Map (Subclass of GraphicWork)
ThingOrObject
ManMadeObjectEntity
Properties: definition; significance; knownFor; indirectAssociation; location; containedIn; partOf; intersectWithPolPlace; intersectWithPhFeature
Construction (buildings, monuments, parks, etc.)
Additional Properties: architecturalStyle; createdBy; constructedBy
CommercialConstruction
GovernmentConstruction
MilitaryConstruction
MunicipalConstruction
PlaceOfWorship
Church
Mosque
Synagogue
Temple
RecreationalConstruction
ResidentialBuilding
see also CreativeWork
NaturalObjectEntity
Properties: definition; significance; knownFor; location; intersectWithPhysicalFeature; indirectAssociation; partOf; near
AnimalEntity
Additional Properties: activity; award; ownedBy
PlantEntity
Additional Properties: activity; award; ownedBy
PhysicalFeature
see also CelestialBody (Subclass of Place)
Organization
Properties: definition; significance; knownFor; partOf; causeOf; associationWithArtisticSchool; politicalAffiliation; religiousAffiliation; indirectAssociation; award; locationOfHeadquarters; culturalAssociation; influenceOn; influenceOf; supportOf; viewpoint; foundedBy; startDate; endDate; startYear; endYear;
BusinessOrganization
BroadcastingOrganization
RadioOrganization
TelevisionOrganization
FinancialOrganization
ITOrganization
ManufacturingOrganization
Additional Properties: product
NewsOrganization
ServiceOrganization
CulturalOrSocialOrganization
EducationalOrganization
GovernmentOrganization
ReligiousOrganization
ScientificOrganization
SportsOrRecreationalOrganization
see also ArtisticSchool (Subclass of CreativeWork)
see also DynastyOrFamily (Subclass of People)
Event
Properties: definition; significance; knownFor; partOf; causeOf; causedBy; participant; impersonalParticipant; location; siteOf; politicallyPartOf; influenceOn; influenceOf; startDate; endDate
HistoricalEvent
RecentOrCurrentEvent
EntertainmentEvent
Additional Properties: venue
see also TheatricalProduction for theatrical performances (Subclass of WorkOfArt)
CreativeWork
Properties: definition; significance; subjectMatter; createdBy (used for artists, writers, composers, etc.; sponsoredBy; producedBy; associatedOrganization; partOf; causeOf; supportOf; oppositionTo; influenceOn; influencedBy
ArtisticSchool
Additional Properties: associatedArtist
MultiMedia
Additional Properties: see schema.org technical aspect properties
AudioEntity
VideoEntity
see also MotionPicture; RadioProgram; TelevisionProgram (Subclasses of WorkOfArt)
Document
Additional Properties: placeOfPublication; publicationDate
EducationalWork
Additional Properties: see LRMI properties
NewsArticle
Additional Properties: newsOrganization
PhilosophicalWork
Additional Properties: philosophicalSchool
PoliticalWork
Additional Properties: politicalAssociation
ReligiousWork
Additional Properties: religiousAssociation
ScienceOrTechnologyWork
Additional Properties: scientificOrTechnologicalAssociation
see also LiteraryWork (Subclass of WorkOfArt)
Game
WorkOfTechnology
SoftwareApplication
WebApplication
WorkOfArt
Additional Properties: associationWithArtisticSchool
ArchitecturalWork
Dance (specific choreography or dance notation)
see also TheatricalProduction for specific performances
GraphicWork
Animation
Diagram
Graph
Illustration
Map
Painting
Photograph
Print (lithograph, etching, block print, silkscreen, etc.)
Sculpture
LiteraryWork
DramaticLiteraryWork (includes plays, screenplays, both drama and comedy)
Fiction
ScienceFiction
NonFiction
History
Biography
see also ScienceOrTechnologyWork (Subclass of Document)
Poetry
MotionPicture
Additional Properties: directedBy; associatedPerformer
RadioProgram
Additional Properties: directedBy; associatedPerformer
TelevisionProgram
Additional Properties: directedBy; associatedPerformer
Music
Additional Properties: associatedPerformer
ClassicalMusic
Opera
PopularMusic
CountryMusic
Jazz
Rock
see also EntertainmentEvent (Subclass of Event)
see also Person for composers (Subclass of PersonalEntity)
TheatricalProduction
Additional Properties: directedBy; associatedPerformer
see also Dance for choreography, notation, etc. (Subclass of WorkOfArt)
see also DramaticLiteraryWork (Subclass of LiteraryWork)
see also Opera for specific operas (Subclass of Music)
see also EntertainmentEvent for non-theatrical performances (Subclass of Event)
Thank you very much.
Carmen-Maria Hetrea, Director, Knowledge Architecture, Encyclopaedia Britannica
Paul Cranmer, Information architect
chetrea@eb.com<mailto:chetrea@eb.com>; pcranmer@eb.com<mailto:pcranmer@eb.com>
Received on Friday, 15 November 2013 11:52:22 UTC