- From: Aldo Gangemi <aldo.gangemi@istc.cnr.it>
- Date: Sat, 11 Jun 2005 00:21:43 +0200
- To: Christopher Welty <welty@us.ibm.com>
- Cc: public-swbp-wg@w3.org, public-swbp-wg-request@w3.org
Thanks for noticing the typos ... comments: At 16:45 -0400 10-06-2005, Christopher Welty wrote: >public-swbp-wg-request@w3.org wrote on 06/09/2005 02:57:15 PM: >> 4) decouple a DAML+OIL-like typed QCR into allValuesFrom + OWL QCR. This >is not >> applicable to any of Alan's use cases btw, but only in simpler cases. >For example: >> >> A typical date (as a meeting btw two prospective lovers) has exactly two >participants -> >> > > Class(TypicalDate >> subClassOf(Restriction( >> hasParticipant) cardinality(2))) >> subClassOf(Restriction( >> hasFinger allValuesFrom(Person)))) > >Assuming you mean "hasParticipant" instead of "hasFinger" (which would be >a very atypical date indeed), I have no idea what you are claiming here. >This is just a regular allvaluesfrom restriction. QCRs come into play >when you want to say something like a "typical date has exactly two >participants and exactly one is male and exactly one is female". Your >example, at least, does not demonstrate QCRs at all. AFAIK, a QCR is a cardinality constraint with a type constraint, then this is a way of representing QCRs when a universal restriction is applicable. Being in a hurry, as I'd said, I've introduced two copy&paste typos: the first is here, I meant: > Class(TypicalDate > subClassOf(Restriction( > hasParticipant) cardinality(2))) > subClassOf(Restriction( > hasParticipant allValuesFrom(Person)))) Indeed a strange date with fingers (stop stop here!). The second typo is in the next approach (see below). > > I also apply sometimes a reified approach: >> >> 5a) reify cardinality as a property, for example: >> >> DatatypeProperty(reifiedCardinality >> range(xsd:int)) >> >> Class(NormalHand >> subClassOf(Restriction( >> hasPart someValuesFrom (intersectionOf >> Finger >> Restriction( >> reifiedCardinality oneOf(5))))) > >do you mean oneOf(4)? No, I mean oneOf(5), unless we are talking of Disney's ducks > > subClassOf(Restriction( >> hasPart someValuesFrom (intersectionOf >> Thumb >> Restriction( >> reifiedCardinality oneOf(5)))))) > >do you mean oneOf(1)? Of course, and this is the other typo I talked about >Why would you do this? You get nothing from it other than a way to "hide" >the QCR from OWL completely. You would have to build your own inference >engine that knew something about this kind of cardinality. You can't >write axioms in OWL to give you the behavior you want, and you couldn't >conclude with a standard OWL reasoner, for example, that a hand with four >fingers and a thumb is a normalHand. You cannot conclude much anyway, Chris: no real QCR is possible in OWL; some workarounds, like creating dummy subproperties or using the universal+cardinality when applicable, do work, but in all other cases, we use modelling approximations. Reification is one way of approximating: when one reifies a predicate into an individual looses the expressive and reasoning power available for predicates; similarly, when one reifies a quantification into a restriction, one looses corresponding powers. One eventually gains a different modelling style and can apply meta-level axioms. > > 5b) reify cardinality as a property, and reify the Q(C)R as a class, for >example: >> >> Class(NormalHandedness >> subClassOf(Restriction( >> settingFor someValuesFrom(intersectionOf >> Hand >> Restriction( >> hasPart someValuesFrom(Finger) >> Restriction( >> hasPart someValuesFrom(Thumb)) >> subClassOf(Restriction( >> settingFor someValuesFrom(intersectionOf >> Finger >> Restriction( >> reifiedCardinality oneOf(5))))) >> subClassOf(Restriction( >> settingFor someValuesFrom(intersectionOf >> Thumb >> Restriction( >> reifiedCardinality oneOf(5))))) >> subClassOf(Restriction( >> settingFor cardinality(6)))) > >This is totally confusing. If you really think you have a valid alternate >approach, can you verify that your example conveys what you intend, where >did the "6" come from???? What is "settingFor" supposed to denote? >"Handedness" in (at least US) English refers to which hand is dominant >(i.e. "right handed" or "left handed"). I assume that is NOT what you >mean here, but for the life of me I can't tell what you DO mean. Besides terminological issues (I can call it "NormalHand"), this is a way of providing a more "invasive" reification: NormalHand would be here a reified relation that holds between a hand and five fingers, one of which is a thumb. the "settingFor" property allows to explicitly type the link between the reified relation and its arguments (therefore, the total amount of arguments is 6: hand, and five fingers). For the rest, it applies the approach (1) and the approach (5a). I see these last patterns require more detailed explanation and use cases, and I'll provide it on email, and on the next OEP telecon (hopely less depopulated ;)))) Ciao Aldo >-Chris > > >> >> Approach (5b) uses a pattern similar to the approach 2 from the n-ary >relations >> note, but it also reifies cardinality restrictions as in (5a). >> In general, I notice that (5b) is more precise than (5a), because it >separately >> states the actual exact cardinality for this definition of normal >handedness. >> Moreover, other assertions on hands can be made without them impacting >on the >> definition of normal handedness. >> The approach in (5b) comes from a more general pattern that can be >applied to other >> parametric constraints, like time-indexed properties, and many other >applications. >> The exemplification with time-indexed properties could be part of a >dedicated note, >> which I'm proposing in a separate message. >> >> Sorry for this quick and probably messed-up explanation, but I wanted to >submit it >> before the OEP telecon (in five minutes ...). >> Cheers >> Aldo >> -- > >> >> >> >> Aldo Gangemi >> Research Scientist >> Laboratory for Applied Ontology >> Institute for Cognitive Sciences and Technology >> National Research Council (ISTC-CNR) >> Via Nomentana 56, 00161, Roma, Italy >> Tel: +390644161535 >> Fax: +390644161513 >> also.gangemi@istc.cnr.it >> http://www.istc.cnr.it/createhtml.php?nbr=71 -- Aldo Gangemi Research Scientist Laboratory for Applied Ontology Institute for Cognitive Sciences and Technology National Research Council (ISTC-CNR) Via Nomentana 56, 00161, Roma, Italy Tel: +390644161535 Fax: +390644161513 aldo.gangemi@istc.cnr.it http://www.istc.cnr.it/createhtml.php?nbr=71
Received on Friday, 10 June 2005 22:21:57 UTC