- From: Jeff Heflin <heflin@cse.lehigh.edu>
- Date: Tue, 11 Dec 2001 15:40:13 -0500
- To: herman.ter.horst@philips.com, dlm@ksl.stanford.edu, phayes@ai.uwf.edu, jos.deroo.jd@belgium.agfa.com, jjc@hplb.hpl.hp.com, ned.smith@intel.com
- CC: Jim Hendler <hendler@cs.umd.edu>, www-archive@w3.org
We've had a lot of discussion over the last 24 hours, so I thought it would be useful to try to summarize where we stand. Be warned that this message is somewhat lengthy. One issue that has come up is whether we should be considering only requirements for a certain "layer" of the Semantic Web. I believe that it is useful if we identify all requirements for an ideal semantic web language. We can then divide these into which are more appropriate for RDF, or for a yet to be named Proof layer. I have tried to gather all of the proposed requirements and issues from our discussion into a single list, which is at the bottom of this message. I've numbered each requirement and attempted to provide a short description of it. Additionally, I've included open issues for many requirements, and assigned letters to these issues. If you'd like to propose a change to a requirement or add an issue, please refer to it by number (e.g., R6). If you'd like to respond to or comment on an issue, please refer to it by number and name (e.g., R2.b). I'll try to maintain this list as discussion continues. I don't expect that we'll solve all these issues anytime soon, but I think at least having them gathered together will help us focus on the job at hand. If you add a requirement or issue, assign it the next number or letter. I request that we have a straw poll on the requirements that we have so far. For each requirement, I'd like to know whether you support it (even though it may be out of scope), are against it, or are undecided. It may be useful to provide a short explanation for your negative votes. Also, feel free to state whether or not you think each requirement is in the scope of the WebOnt effort. I want to eventually produce two lists: one a list of requirements we think are important for WebOnt and a list of requirements we think are important but are out of scope of this effort. Then we can focus on writing up those requirements that are important and in scope. Thanks! Jeff ----------------------------------------------------------------------- WebOnt Candidate Requirements ------------------------------- R1. Shared ontologies Ontologies are publicly available and different data sources can commit to the same ontology for shared meaning. R2. Ontology extension Ontologies can be extended by other ontologies in order to provide additional definitions. Issues: a) Import all axioms wholesale into new ontology? b) Include definitions but don't allow them to be redefined or restricted? c) Simply reuse names but not definitions? R3. Ontology evolution Ontologies can be changed over time and data sources can specify which version of the ontology they commit to. Issues: a) How does this differ from ontology extension (R2)? In R2, the original ontology is unchanged. R4. Ontology interoperability Different ontologies may model the same concepts in different ways. The language should provide primitives for relating different representations, thus allowing data to be converted to different ontologies, and enabling a "web of ontologies." R5. Inconsistency Different ontologies may be contradictory, or different data sources may be contradictory. It should be possible to detect inconsistencies. Issues: a) Since inconsistency will probably be inevitable on the Web, we should probably also provide means for continuing reasoning in the face of inconsistency. R6. Scalability The language should be able to be used with large ontologies and large data sets. R7. Ease of Use The language should provide a low-learning barrier and have clear concepts and meaning. The concepts should be independent from syntax. R8. Data persistence The Web is constantly changing, so it would be useful to know the lifetime of information. This will be useful for agents to know when they must refresh their knowledge bases. Issues: a) Should this be specified for a fact in a data source, or for a property in an ontology? R9. Security Ability to specify who can view and modify information. Have ontologies that can specify access control information. Issues: a) Web typically doesn't allow update (except via file update) and viewing web pages is typically all or nothing, so how is this relevant? b) Some have argued that security is essential and should be seen as a vertical slice in the "layer cake" R10. XML syntax The language should have an XML serialization. Issues: a) Must it also build on RDF? R11. Internationalization The language should support ontologies in multiple languages. Issues: a) Is this already covered by interoperability (R4)? b) Character set issues are already handled by XML R12. Ontology-based search Ability to locate information using the ontology to structure queries? Or is this something else? Issues: a) Is this searching for content (information retrieval) or for valid inferences (logical deduction)? R13. Ontology querying Ability to ask questions about the logical structure of the ontology? Or is this something else? Issues: a) Are R12 and R13 the same requirement? May R12 is information retrieval and R13 is question answering? b) Is this maybe the need for a standard query language? R14. Expressiveness What can be expressed in the language and what reasoning capabilities should be expected in systems that fully implement it. Issues: a) What is the right balance between expressiveness and scalability (R6)? R15. Proof checking Proofs can be described in the language and will be checkable. R16. Trust How to determine which information is reliable and/or believable. Must be able to know the sources of information and to express what supporting information is needed to believe something.
Received on Tuesday, 11 December 2001 15:40:30 UTC