- From: Judy Brewer <jbrewer@w3.org>
- Date: Fri, 15 Oct 1999 02:08:09 -0400
- To: allan_jm@tsb1.tsbvi.edu, WAI-EO <w3c-wai-eo@w3.org>
Thanks for the comments Jim! Regards, - Judy At 11:58 AM 10/11/99 -0500, Jim Allan wrote: >Have been out of pocket for last 2 weeks due to work and illness. Latest >draft of "How People with Disabilities Use the Web" shows much hard work. >Below are suggestions for Section 2 (not yet revised). Following the >suggestions is a rewrite incorporating the suggestions. > >Braille and refreshable braille >Braille is a technique involving six [[replace-"to" with "or"]] eight dots >that are raised in different patterns to represent letters and numbers so >that they may be read by people who are blind using their fingertips. >Braille systems vary greatly around the world. Some "grades" of braille >include additional codes beyond standard alpha-numeric characters, to >represent common letter groupings (e.g., "th," "ble" in Grade II American >English braille) to make braille more compact. An 8-dot version of braille >has been developed to allow all ASCII characters to be represented. Dynamic >or refreshable braille involves the use of a mechanical display where dots >can be raised and lowered dynamically to allow any braille [[replace "words" >with "symbols"]] to be displayed. Only letters and numbers can be >represented in braille, although some braille printers have [[replace "a >utility that allows simple graphics to be drawn on a sheet" with "the >ability to emboss simple graphics"]] using the raised dots at a resolution >of approximately 11 dots per inch. >Screen magnifiers >Software used primarily by individuals with low vision that magnifies a >portion of the screen for easier viewing. Note that at the same time screen >magnifiers make presentations larger, they also reduce the area of the >document that may be viewed [[insert-""on the monitor"]]. Some screen >magnifiers therefore offer two views of the screen: one magnified and one >default size for navigation. >Screen readers: >Software used by individuals who are blind or have learning disabilities >that interprets what is displayed on a screen, and directs it either to >[[replace "speech synthesis" with "a speech synthesizer"]], for audio >output, or [[replace "refreshable braille" with "a refreshable braille >display"]], for tactile output. Some screen readers use the document tree >(i.e., the parsed document) as their input. However, older screen readers >make use of the rendered version of a document, meaning that document order >or structure may be lost (e.g., when tables are used for layout) and their >output may be confusing. > >=== Rewrite > >Braille and refreshable braille >Braille is a technique involving six or eight dots that are raised in >different patterns to represent letters and numbers so that they may be read >by people who are blind using their fingertips. Braille systems vary greatly >around the world. Some "grades" of braille include additional codes beyond >standard alpha-numeric characters, to represent common letter groupings >(e.g., "th," "ble" in Grade II American English braille) to make braille >more compact. An 8-dot version of braille has been developed to allow all >ASCII characters to be represented. Dynamic or refreshable braille involves >the use of a mechanical display where dots can be raised and lowered >dynamically to allow any braille symbols to be displayed. Only letters and >numbers can be represented in braille, although some braille printers have >the ability to emboss simple graphics using the raised dots at a resolution >of approximately 11 dots per inch. >Screen magnifiers >Software used primarily by individuals with low vision that magnifies a >portion of the screen for easier viewing. Note that at the same time screen >magnifiers make presentations larger, they also reduce the area of the >document that may be viewed on the monitor. Some screen magnifiers therefore >offer two views of the screen: one magnified and one default size for >navigation. >Screen readers: >Software used by individuals who are blind or have learning disabilities >that interprets what is displayed on a screen, and directs it either to a >speech synthesizer, for audio output, or a refreshable braille display, for >tactile output. Some screen readers use the document tree (i.e., the parsed >document) as their input. However, older screen readers make use of the >rendered version of a document, meaning that document order or structure may >be lost (e.g., when tables are used for layout) and their output may be >confusing. > > >Jim Allan, Statewide Technical Support Specialist >Texas School for the Blind and Visually Impaired >1100 W. 45th St., Austin, Texas 78756 >voice 512.206.9315 fax: 512.206.9453 http://www.tsbvi.edu/ >"We shape our tools and thereafter our tools shape us." McLuhan, 1964 > > > ---------- Judy Brewer jbrewer@w3.org +1.617.258.9741 http://www.w3.org/WAI Director, Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI) International Program Office World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) MIT/LCS Room NE43-355, 545 Technology Square, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
Received on Friday, 15 October 1999 02:09:34 UTC