- From: Jim Allan <allan_jm@tsb1.tsbvi.edu>
- Date: Mon, 11 Oct 1999 11:58:58 -0500
- To: WAI-EO <w3c-wai-eo@w3.org>
Have been out of pocket for last 2 weeks due to work and illness. Latest draft of "How People with Disabilities Use the Web" shows much hard work. Below are suggestions for Section 2 (not yet revised). Following the suggestions is a rewrite incorporating the suggestions. Braille and refreshable braille Braille is a technique involving six [[replace-"to" with "or"]] eight dots that are raised in different patterns to represent letters and numbers so that they may be read by people who are blind using their fingertips. Braille systems vary greatly around the world. Some "grades" of braille include additional codes beyond standard alpha-numeric characters, to represent common letter groupings (e.g., "th," "ble" in Grade II American English braille) to make braille more compact. An 8-dot version of braille has been developed to allow all ASCII characters to be represented. Dynamic or refreshable braille involves the use of a mechanical display where dots can be raised and lowered dynamically to allow any braille [[replace "words" with "symbols"]] to be displayed. Only letters and numbers can be represented in braille, although some braille printers have [[replace "a utility that allows simple graphics to be drawn on a sheet" with "the ability to emboss simple graphics"]] using the raised dots at a resolution of approximately 11 dots per inch. Screen magnifiers Software used primarily by individuals with low vision that magnifies a portion of the screen for easier viewing. Note that at the same time screen magnifiers make presentations larger, they also reduce the area of the document that may be viewed [[insert-""on the monitor"]]. Some screen magnifiers therefore offer two views of the screen: one magnified and one default size for navigation. Screen readers: Software used by individuals who are blind or have learning disabilities that interprets what is displayed on a screen, and directs it either to [[replace "speech synthesis" with "a speech synthesizer"]], for audio output, or [[replace "refreshable braille" with "a refreshable braille display"]], for tactile output. Some screen readers use the document tree (i.e., the parsed document) as their input. However, older screen readers make use of the rendered version of a document, meaning that document order or structure may be lost (e.g., when tables are used for layout) and their output may be confusing. === Rewrite Braille and refreshable braille Braille is a technique involving six or eight dots that are raised in different patterns to represent letters and numbers so that they may be read by people who are blind using their fingertips. Braille systems vary greatly around the world. Some "grades" of braille include additional codes beyond standard alpha-numeric characters, to represent common letter groupings (e.g., "th," "ble" in Grade II American English braille) to make braille more compact. An 8-dot version of braille has been developed to allow all ASCII characters to be represented. Dynamic or refreshable braille involves the use of a mechanical display where dots can be raised and lowered dynamically to allow any braille symbols to be displayed. Only letters and numbers can be represented in braille, although some braille printers have the ability to emboss simple graphics using the raised dots at a resolution of approximately 11 dots per inch. Screen magnifiers Software used primarily by individuals with low vision that magnifies a portion of the screen for easier viewing. Note that at the same time screen magnifiers make presentations larger, they also reduce the area of the document that may be viewed on the monitor. Some screen magnifiers therefore offer two views of the screen: one magnified and one default size for navigation. Screen readers: Software used by individuals who are blind or have learning disabilities that interprets what is displayed on a screen, and directs it either to a speech synthesizer, for audio output, or a refreshable braille display, for tactile output. Some screen readers use the document tree (i.e., the parsed document) as their input. However, older screen readers make use of the rendered version of a document, meaning that document order or structure may be lost (e.g., when tables are used for layout) and their output may be confusing. Jim Allan, Statewide Technical Support Specialist Texas School for the Blind and Visually Impaired 1100 W. 45th St., Austin, Texas 78756 voice 512.206.9315 fax: 512.206.9453 http://www.tsbvi.edu/ "We shape our tools and thereafter our tools shape us." McLuhan, 1964
Received on Monday, 11 October 1999 13:00:23 UTC