- From: Andrea Perego <andrea.perego@jrc.ec.europa.eu>
- Date: Thu, 09 Jun 2016 01:00:23 +0200
- To: Simon.Cox@csiro.au, jlieberman@tumblingwalls.com
- Cc: rob@metalinkage.com.au, frans.knibbe@geodan.nl, bill@swirrl.com, l.vandenbrink@geonovum.nl, public-sdw-wg@w3.org, matthew.perry@oracle.com
On 08/06/2016 14:07, Simon.Cox@csiro.au wrote: > 2) Separate Thing and Model: > > owl:Thing <- SpatialThing (== Feature) > > <- SpatialModel <- Geometry + other spatial models such as LOCN > > … > > I’m inclined toward 2), also thinking that it’s important to define > SpatialThing as having at least 1 SpatialModel property, so it’s clear > as in GeoRSS that adding a hasSpatialModel property to a resource makes > that resource a SpatialThing. > > I’m comfortable with that. I'm also happy with option #2. Only, it's unclear to me what we actually mean with SpatialThing / Feature - my apologies in case I missed the relevant point in this discussion. If we use "feature" as in ISO & GeoSPARQL, then real-world phaenomena / things with spatial characteristics are not supposed to be SpatialThing's. If this the case, probably option #2 could be revised as follows: owl:Thing <- SpatialThing <- Feature <- SpatialModel <- Geometry + other models where SpatialThing means "anything having spatial characteristics" - real-world things, abstractions of real-world things (features), spatial models, geometries. Which is basically the sense of geo:SpatialThing (Basic Geo). Andrea > > *From:*Joshua Lieberman [mailto:jlieberman@tumblingwalls.com] > *Sent:* Saturday, 4 June 2016 5:59 AM > *To:* Rob Atkinson <rob@metalinkage.com.au> > *Cc:* Frans Knibbe <frans.knibbe@geodan.nl>; Bill Roberts > <bill@swirrl.com>; Linda van den Brink <l.vandenbrink@geonovum.nl>; SDW > WG Public List <public-sdw-wg@w3.org>; Cox, Simon (L&W, Clayton) > <Simon.Cox@csiro.au>; matthew perry <matthew.perry@oracle.com> > *Subject:* Re: Agenda for Best Practice sub-group, 14:00UTC 1-June-2016 > > There are a couple of issues with GeoSPARQL and other existing “spatial” > ontologies. > > Critical to the general feature model and ISO 19109 is a distinction > between something one discerns and discourses about in the world, > and a spatial model (particularly a geometry) for that something. We > need to preserve that disjunction, however both the distinction and > the term “feature” we use for the “something” is a puzzlement to > most non-geospatialists in the world. > > Having identified two “something"'s in the world, the next step that > most people want to take is describe how they are related. Many of > those relations are directly or indirectly spatial — “touching”, > “not disjoint”, “near”, etc.. Mathematically, spatial relations are > only computable between spatial models such as geometries, but > intuitively those relations should be transitive to the “somethings” > themselves. > > As Matt noted, in geoSPARQL both Feature and Geometry were subclassed > from SpatialObject in order to apply spatial relations to either of > them, despite some misgivings as to whether a Feature should be > considered as innately spatial. That explains the three concepts. > Reducing to just Spatial Object (or even owl:Thing) as representing our > concept of Feature and subclassing Geometry from it would remove the > disjunction between Feature and Geometry. SpatialObject and Geometry > could be separate disjunctive owl:Thing’s, but that would make it more > difficult to restrict spatial relations to either SpatialObject or > Geometry, and leave no place for other spatial models such as addresses. > > Are features inherently spatial? In the GFM, they only have to have > identity (which by the way disqualifies owl:Thing since they can be > blank nodes).r However, in GFM, feature refers to both type and > instance. A type itself is not spatial, but each instance can be > presumed to recognize phenomena in the real world whether their position > and extent is known / knowable or not. In OWL, a feature is either an > individual or a collection of individuals, so it can be argued that an > OWL Feature is in fact spatial. Quite apart from this theory, most > people would conclude that a geographic feature is something spatial for > all but rather un-interesting edge cases. > > So we still have two disjunctive concepts, but if both of them can be > considered spatial so that spatial relations could be applied, although > we would want to be able to state that a spatial relation involving a > “feature” implies a possible relation involving geometry. The present > GeoSPARQL model make sense, then, except perhaps for the name “Feature”. > We could even include both SpatialThing and Feature in SpatialObject > with owl:SameAs, for those who can’t get their heads around the “F-word”. > > An alternative with some pluses and minuses, would be separate classes > for SpatialThing a owl:Thing and SpatialModel a owl:Thing, restricting > spatial relations to one or the other and placing Geometry in > SpatialModel along with Addresses, Placenames, and other > not-directly-geometric locators. This adds SpatialModel to the mix, but > makes it easier to set every type of spatial model disjoint from spatial > things (that are pretty much distinguished from owl:Thing only by a > required identity). > > [I would probably leave topological elements out of SpatialModel or > SpatialObject, since spatial relations will generally not be applicable > and I continue to think that topo elements need not be disjoint from > features — they really just add “to, from” object properties to a > feature and are generally unique e.g. a feature representing a topo edge > will not also represent a node or a face.] > > So, three proposals: > > 1) Leave GeoSPARQL as it is and add an equivalent SpatialThing: > > owl:Thing <- SpatialObject <- Feature == SpatialThing > > <- Geometry > > <- other spatial models such as LOCN > > 2) Separate Thing and Model: > > owl:Thing <- SpatialThing (== Feature) > > <- SpatialModel <- Geometry + other spatial models such as LOCN > > 3) All together: > > owl:Thing <- SpatialObject <- SpatialThing (== Feature) > > <- SpatialModel <- Geometry + other spatial models such as LOCN > > I’m inclined toward 2), also thinking that it’s important to define > SpatialThing as having at least 1 SpatialModel property, so it’s clear > as in GeoRSS that adding a hasSpatialModel property to a resource makes > that resource a SpatialThing. > > Let me know what you think, but I’ll put a version of 2) into WebProtege > over the weekend so we can poke it around. > > Josh > > Joshua Lieberman, Ph.D. > > Principal > > Tumbling Walls > > jlieberman*tumblingwalls.com <http://tumblingwalls.com> > > +1 617 431 6431 > > On Jun 3, 2016, at 9:46 AM, Rob Atkinson <rob@metalinkage.com.au > <mailto:rob@metalinkage.com.au>> wrote: > > lets get the model right - and support the behaviours we need - then > argue about the best names. > > If we have an issue with the current GeoSPARQL model - then we have > a decision point around whether it compromises its usefulness, and > hence if and how we use it. > > Is anyone able to summarise the concerns with the current GeoSparql > model? What is it missing and what does it do strangely or incorrectly? > > On Fri, 3 Jun 2016 at 23:09 Frans Knibbe <frans.knibbe@geodan.nl > <mailto:frans.knibbe@geodan.nl>> wrote: > > To me the names or labels of the concepts are less important > than their usefulness. If we can manage with just two concepts > (classes) for geometry and spatial things, then that would be a > victory for simplicity and clarity. That said, I think for the > world at large a label like 'spatial thing' is better at > conveying the meaning of the term than 'feature'. > > Regards, > > Frans > > 2016-06-03 14:56 GMT+02:00 Bill Roberts <bill@swirrl.com > <mailto:bill@swirrl.com>>: > > So are we saying that a Feature is the same as a Spatial Object? > > It probably depends on your background which of those names > is most evocative - obviously both are, in themselves, open > to interpretation. > > To me 'feature' makes me think of maps, whereas 'spatial > object' (while not necessarily the best name ever - 'spatial > thing' while also very vague is perhaps slightly better > because of all the software and information modelling uses > of 'object') makes me think of something I could see or walk > round or hit with a hammer. > > Whatever we call it, I think we should be talking about > things you can see and walk round. > > On 3 June 2016 at 13:18, Rob Atkinson > <rob@metalinkage.com.au <mailto:rob@metalinkage.com.au>> wrote: > > "(something like: things that have some kind of spatial > presence" ... well - thats what a feature is, and it is > at least defined somewhere - so surely we drop the more > ambiguous term "spatial object" whose existence is a > modelling artefact, not a real world need. To me > "spatial object" is too easily confused with either a > feature or a geometry > > Feature and geometry both have real-world analogues - if > we really need something like "spatial object" to > support some logic then perhaps we can start off by > defining why we need, and then debate a suitable name. > > rob > > On Fri, 3 Jun 2016 at 19:59 Linda van den Brink > <l.vandenbrink@geonovum.nl > <mailto:l.vandenbrink@geonovum.nl>> wrote: > > Hi all, > > +1 That’s exactly what I was thinking this morning > when I read this thread. Without being able to put > into words why I’m thinking this, as of yet… > > Linda > > *Van:*Frans Knibbe [mailto:frans.knibbe@geodan.nl > <mailto:frans.knibbe@geodan.nl>] > *Verzonden:* vrijdag 3 juni 2016 11:39 > *Aan:* Joshua Lieberman; SDW WG Public List; Simon > Cox; matthew perry > *Onderwerp:* Re: Agenda for Best Practice sub-group, > 14:00UTC 1-June-2016 > > Hello all, > > GeoSPARQL defines three core entities: Feature, > SpatialObject and Geometry. However, in my (possibly > too naive) view we only need two core concepts: > > 1. spatial things: (something like: things that > have some kind of spatial presence, and that can > have spatial relationships) > 2. geometry: (something like: an ordered set of > n-dimensional points, can be used to model the > spatial presence of a spatial thing) > > Is there really a need to have a third concept > (Feature)? If the world could manage with two core > concepts, that would be preferable, wouldn't it? > > Regards, > > Frans > > 2016-06-02 17:54 GMT+02:00 Joshua Lieberman > <jlieberman@tumblingwalls.com > <mailto:jlieberman@tumblingwalls.com>>: > > Simon, Matt, et al, > > I’m struggling a bit with this right now. > Theoretically, spatial relationships can only be > computed / tested between geometries. Features are > discerned Things in the world that don’t necessarily > have spatial representations and so it makes sense > that they are not themselves spatial objects. > Features and geometries can be disjoint whether or > not feature is a spatial object, but it gets awkward > to make features disjoint from all other spatial > objects (e.g. address, geographic name, region) if > features are also spatial objects. > > [Topological relationship creation also requires > topological elements, although there is a question > in my mind whether those elements are directly > spatial spatial objects or an algebraic reduction of > certain spatial relationships. It is related to the > dimensionality issue, since topo elements are > distinguished by dimension. There is also a question > in my mind whether features and topo elements have > to be disjoint as features and geometries are or > whether a road centerline can also be a topo edge.] > > Conceptually, though, one would like to express > relationships between features themselves. For > example, I would (very much) like to assert / infer > / query that one hydrological catchment (a portion > of a landscape) is inside of another one, not that > one possible geometric representation of one > catchment is interior to one possible geometric > representation of the other catchment. > > It seems that we can relate the two with a property > chain, so that a relationship between geometries > implies a relationship between the features, but > does it make sense to use the same relationships for > both if feature is not a spatial object? > Alternatively, we could create “feature > relationships”, e.g. gfInside for inside: > > SubObjectPropertyOf( > > ObjectPropertyChain( :hasGeometry ehInsite [ > owl:inverseOf :hasParent] ) > > :gfInside > > ) > > In the end, I think we want to enable people to form > the assertions that make sense to them, but also > maximize the possibilities for query and inference. > So I’m inclined towards creating feature-specific > relations, some of which can be inferred from > spatial object relations. Thoughts? > > —Josh > > On Jun 1, 2016, at 9:49 PM, simon.cox@csiro.au > <mailto:simon.cox@csiro.au> wrote: > > “Regional Shape” and “Regional Area” are both a > bit iffy: > > “area” and “region” are approximate synonyms; > > “shape” sounds like just the outline. > > *From:* Joshua Lieberman > [mailto:jlieberman@tumblingwalls.com] > *Sent:* Wednesday, 1 June 2016 11:23 PM > *To:* matthew perry <matthew.perry@oracle.com > <mailto:matthew.perry@oracle.com>> > *Cc:* public-sdw-wg@w3.org > <mailto:public-sdw-wg@w3.org> > *Subject:* Re: Agenda for Best Practice > sub-group, 14:00UTC 1-June-2016 > > Matt, > > Thanks for giving us a perspective on the > current form of GeoSPARQL. Your point about > qualitative relations is well taken. This was > discussed fairly extensively last summer at the > Vespucci Institute, but we discovered that most > of the relations of interest still require at > least some spatial characterization of the > feature, at least a regional dimensionality. For > example, New York inside of United States > presumes that the U.S. is at least a > 2-dimensional region. The relation “along” > requires that the object feature have an > elongation in at least one dimension. > > I have been thinking that we should add a > subclass of SpatialObject, RS_Object (Regional > Shape) that provides this regionality to support > qualitative reasoning. Then we could keep > Feature out of SpatialObject and still do > qualitative reasoning. > > <image001.png> > > Josh > > On Jun 1, 2016, at 8:43 AM, matthew perry > <matthew.perry@oracle.com > <mailto:matthew.perry@oracle.com>> wrote: > > Hi everyone, > > The Feature subClassOf SpatialObject does > seem a bit awkward in retrospect. The main > idea was that for qualitative spatial > reasoning, we don't need quantitative > geometries. It should be possible to express > topological relations between features > directly (e.g., New York inside United > States), so we defined SpatialObject as the > class of things that can have topological > relations, and Feature and Geometry are > disjoint subClasses of SpatialObject. > > Thanks, > Matt > > On 6/1/2016 4:58 AM, Clemens Portele wrote: > > Hm, yes, good question. I did not > remember that we made geo:Feature a > geo:SpatialObject in the GeoSPARQL > development. I agree with you, from the > definitions this seems wrong. Perhaps > that could be rediscussed, if there is a > GeoSPARQL revision. > > Clemens > > On 1. Juni 2016 at 10:38:24, Andrea > Perego (andrea.perego@jrc.ec.europa.eu > <mailto:andrea.perego@jrc.ec.europa.eu>) > wrote: > > Hi, Clemens. > > On 01/06/2016 8:26, Clemens Portele > wrote: > > If we use 19107 as the basis, a TP_Object is a SpatialObject, too. > > > > This is the definition of "topological object" (the TP_Object): > > "spatial object representing spatial characteristics that are invariant > > under continuous transformations". > > > > The definition of "geometric object" (the GM_Object) is: "spatial object > > representing a geometric set" where geometric set is "a set of points". > > > > GeoSPARQL is consistent with this, geo:Geometry is a sub-class of > > geo:SpatialObject. If we would define xyz:Topology it should be a > > sub-class of geoSpatialObject, too. > > What is unclear to me is why, in > GeoSPARQL, feature is made a subclass > of spatial object. > > Putting together the relevant ISO > definitions: > - feature: "abstraction of > real-world phenomena" (ISO 19101, > 19107, > 19109, 19156) > - spatial object: "object used for > representing a spatial characteristic > of a feature" (ISO 19107) > - geometry (geometric object): > "spatial object representing a > geometric > set" (ISO 19107) > > Based on them, a feature is not a > spatial object - or I'm missing > something? > > Andrea > > > > Clemens > > > > > > On 1. Juni 2016 at 03:37:53, Joshua Lieberman > > (jlieberman@tumblingwalls.com > <mailto:jlieberman@tumblingwalls.com> <mailto:jlieberman@tumblingwalls.com> > <mailto:jlieberman@tumblingwalls.com>) > wrote: > > > >> Yes, a GM_object instance is generally a geometry, but there can be > >> other spatial objects such as linear references, addresses, > >> placenames, etc. I’m pondering now whether TP_Object should also be a > >> subclass of SpatialObject, but I think it too is a form of spatial model. > >> > >> “Object” is vague, but possibly less confusing than “model” or > >> “representation”. The confusion may be a fundamental property of the > >> GFM, because one first models the worlds as features, then models the > >> features in turn as spatial objects. Making both feature and geometry > >> disjoint subclasses of spatial object in GeoSPARQL means, I think, > >> that SpatialObject really can’t mean anything except a step of removal > >> from owl:Thing. > >> > >> Josh > >> > >>> On May 31, 2016, at 9:11 PM, Rob Atkinson <rob@metalinkage.com.au > <mailto:rob@metalinkage.com.au> > >>><mailto:rob@metalinkage.com.au> > <mailto:rob@metalinkage.com.au>> wrote: > >>> > >>> it all depends what you mean :-) > >>> > >>> I though a GM_object was specifically a geometry. As such it is > >>> independent of any real world thing - but it can be used as a > >>> property of a real world thing to define a spatial characteristic. > >>> > >>> as such I would say GM_Object and (real world thing) are disjoint. > >>> > >>> What I dont really understand is what a Spatial Object is, except it > >>> seems to declare that Egenhofer and other spatial operations can be > >>> supported on either GM_Object or GF_Feature.{geomproperty}. One > >>> wonders if a more elegant way of declaring this was possible without > >>> introducing a very strange abstract notion (and the confusion here I > >>> think is the evidence for the strangeness) > >>> > >>> OTOH running with the geoSPARQL as-is makes sense unless its provably > >>> broken in terms of the inferences it allows, so I'll just get over my > >>> distaste of incompatible naming vs. intent. > >>> > >>> Rob > >>> > >>> > >>> > >>> > >>> On Wed, 1 Jun 2016 at 09:58 Joshua Lieberman > >>> <jlieberman@tumblingwalls.com > <mailto:jlieberman@tumblingwalls.com> <mailto:jlieberman@tumblingwalls.com> > <mailto:jlieberman@tumblingwalls.com>> > >>> wrote: > >>> > >>> I’m questioning whether that is a good idea. > >>> > >>> > >>> > >>>> On May 31, 2016, at 7:43 PM,simon.cox@csiro.au > <mailto:simon.cox@csiro.au> > >>>><mailto:simon.cox@csiro.au> > <mailto:simon.cox@csiro.au> wrote: > >>>> > >>>> In GeoSPARQL SpatialObject is superclass of geometry and spatial > >>>> feature. > >>>> > >>>> -----Original Message----- > >>>> From: Joshua Lieberman [mailto:jlieberman@tumblingwalls.com] > >>>> Sent: Wednesday, 1 June 2016 9:39 AM > >>>> To: Cox, Simon (L&W, Clayton) <Simon.Cox@csiro.au > <mailto:Simon.Cox@csiro.au> > >>>><mailto:Simon.Cox@csiro.au> > <mailto:Simon.Cox@csiro.au>> > >>>> Cc:andrea.perego@jrc.ec.europa.eu > <mailto:andrea.perego@jrc.ec.europa.eu> > >>>><mailto:andrea.perego@jrc.ec.europa.eu> > <mailto:andrea.perego@jrc.ec.europa.eu>; > > >>>>l.vandenbrink@geonovum.nl > <mailto:l.vandenbrink@geonovum.nl> > <mailto:l.vandenbrink@geonovum.nl> > <mailto:l.vandenbrink@geonovum.nl>; > >>>>frans.knibbe@geodan.nl > <mailto:frans.knibbe@geodan.nl> > <mailto:frans.knibbe@geodan.nl> > <mailto:frans.knibbe@geodan.nl>; > >>>>public-sdw-wg@w3.org > <mailto:public-sdw-wg@w3.org> > <mailto:public-sdw-wg@w3.org> > <mailto:public-sdw-wg@w3.org> > >>>> Subject: Re: Agenda for Best Practice sub-group, 14:00UTC > >>>> 1-June-2016 > >>>> > >>>> Can't SpatialObject be disjoint from GF_Feature? Maybe it's > >>>> really SpatialRepresentation. Unless we want to call it > >>>> TransfinitePointSet. > >>>> > >>>>> On May 31, 2016, at 6:20 PM,simon.cox@csiro.au > <mailto:simon.cox@csiro.au> > >>>>><mailto:simon.cox@csiro.au> > <mailto:simon.cox@csiro.au> wrote: > >>>>> > >>>>> That preserves the 'thing is not a subclass of geometry' axiom, > >>>>> but misses 'geometry is not a subclass of real-world-thing'. > >>>>> I don't see how to do that without a subclass of owl:Thing > >>>>> which is disjoint from GM_Object. > >>>>> > >>>>> Simon J D Cox > >>>>> Research Scientist > >>>>> Land and Water > >>>>> CSIRO > >>>>> Esimon.cox@csiro.au > <mailto:simon.cox@csiro.au> > <mailto:simon.cox@csiro.au> > <mailto:simon.cox@csiro.au> T +61 3 > 9545 > >>>>> 2365 M+61 403 302 672 > <tel:%2B61%20403%20302%20672> > >>>>> Physical: Reception Central, Bayview Avenue, Clayton, Vic 3168 > >>>>> Deliveries: Gate 3, Normanby Road, Clayton, Vic 3168 > >>>>> Postal: Private Bag 10, Clayton South, Vic 3169 > >>>>>people.csiro.au/C/S/Simon-Cox > <http://people.csiro.au/C/S/Simon-Cox> > >>>>><http://people.csiro.au/C/S/Simon-Cox> > <http://people.csiro.au/C/S/Simon-Cox> > >>>>>orcid.org/0000-0002-3884-3420 > <http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3884-3420> > >>>>><http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3884-3420> > <http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3884-3420> > >>>>>researchgate.net/profile/Simon_Cox3 > <http://researchgate.net/profile/Simon_Cox3> > > >>>>><http://researchgate.net/profile/Simon_Cox3> > <http://researchgate.net/profile/Simon_Cox3> > > >>>>> > >>>>> ________________________________________ > >>>>> From: Joshua Lieberman <jlieberman@tumblingwalls.com > <mailto:jlieberman@tumblingwalls.com> > >>>>><mailto:jlieberman@tumblingwalls.com> <mailto:jlieberman@tumblingwalls.com>> > > >>>>> Sent: Wednesday, 1 June 2016 7:12 AM > >>>>> To: Andrea Perego > >>>>> Cc: Linda van den Brink; Frans Knibbe; SDW WG > >>>>> (public-sdw-wg@w3.org > <mailto:public-sdw-wg@w3.org> > <mailto:public-sdw-wg@w3.org> > <mailto:public-sdw-wg@w3.org>) > >>>>> Subject: Re: Agenda for Best Practice sub-group, 14:00UTC > >>>>> 1-June-2016 > >>>>> > >>>>>> On May 31, 2016, at 10:01 AM, Andrea Perego > >>>>>> <andrea.perego@jrc.ec.europa.eu > <mailto:andrea.perego@jrc.ec.europa.eu> > >>>>>><mailto:andrea.perego@jrc.ec.europa.eu> > <mailto:andrea.perego@jrc.ec.europa.eu>> > wrote: > >>>>>> > >>>>>> Dear Linda, dear Frans, dear Josh, > >>>>>> > >>>>>> About the agenda item on "spatial ontology", I wonder whether > >>>>>> we can include here a clarification on the notions of spatial > >>>>>> object, feature and geometry in GeoSPARQL - in relation to > >>>>>> ISO, and to our discussion on real-world / spatial things. > >>>>>> > >>>>>> In particular: > >>>>>> > >>>>>> 1. In GeoSPARQL, feature and geometry are explicitly mapped to > >>>>>> the corresponding notions in the relevant ISO standards. > >>>>>> However, the definition of spatial object in GeoSPARQL doesn't > >>>>>> seem to match to the ISO one ("object used for representing a > >>>>>> spatial characteristic of a feature" - ISO 19107). > >>>>> > >>>>> Yes, it's questionable whether GF_Feature should be considered > >>>>> a "Spatial Object". In ISO 19109, it's a real-world target of > >>>>> discourse, that can have properties, including one or more > >>>>> geometric model representations. I'm tending towards making > >>>>> GF_Feature an owl:Thing, and leaving GM_Object as a SpatialObject. > >>>>>> > >>>>>> 2. What in GeoSPARQL corresponds to real-world / spatial things? > >>>>>> > >>>>>> Thanks > >>>>>> > >>>>>> Andrea > >>>>>> > >>>>>> > >>>>>> On 30/05/2016 10:22, Linda van den Brink wrote: > >>>>>>> Hi all, > >>>>>>> > >>>>>>> > >>>>>>> > >>>>>>> The Best Practice sub-group telecon agenda is at > >>>>>>>https://www.w3.org/2015/spatial/wiki/Meetings:BP-Telecon20160601. > > >>>>>>> > >>>>>>> > >>>>>>> > >>>>>>> Main agenda: > >>>>>>> > >>>>>>> * Progress of BP Narrative 2 > >>>>>>> > >>>>>>> * Spatial ontology > >>>>>>> > >>>>>>> > >>>>>>> > >>>>>>> See you all on Wednesday! (else please advise any regrets). > >>>>>>> > >>>>>>> > >>>>>>> > >>>>>>> Linda > >>>>>>> > >>>>>> > >>>>>> -- > >>>>>> Andrea Perego, Ph.D. > >>>>>> Scientific / Technical Project Officer European Commission DG JRC > >>>>>> Institute for Environment & Sustainability Unit H06 - Digital > >>>>>> Earth & > >>>>>> Reference Data Via E. Fermi, 2749 - TP 262 > >>>>>> 21027 Ispra VA, Italy > >>>>>> > >>>>>>https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/ > >>>>>> > >>>>>> > >>>>> > >>>>> > >>>>> > >>>> > >>>> > >>>> > >>>> > >>> > >>> <SpatialObject.png><SpatialObject.png> > >> > > -- > Andrea Perego, Ph.D. > Scientific / Technical Project Officer > European Commission DG JRC > Institute for Environment & > Sustainability > Unit H06 - Digital Earth & Reference > Data > Via E. Fermi, 2749 - TP 262 > 21027 Ispra VA, Italy > > https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/ > -- Andrea Perego, Ph.D. Scientific / Technical Project Officer European Commission DG JRC Institute for Environment & Sustainability Unit H06 - Digital Earth & Reference Data Via E. Fermi, 2749 - TP 262 21027 Ispra VA, Italy https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/
Received on Wednesday, 8 June 2016 23:01:10 UTC