Hello Emily
Your research question is similar to use-cases we are investigating in the Andrew W. Mellon funded ResearcherPod project. See also: https://knows.idlab.ugent.be/projects/mellon/
The hope of this project is to be able to track scholarly papers and see what academic value they have.
When someone discovers somewhere a paper that looks like research one should be able to figure out why created the paper, was it part of a university research, is it part of catalog, is it peer-reviewed, is it published in an academic journal, does this journal have a reputation, was is indexed in an subject index such as PubMed/Web of Science, was is archived in an Web Archive, do other paper or datasets link to it?
For these things we are creating protocols. We are very much inspired by the W3C Solid project [https://solidproject.org] and Carven Capadisli's Dokieli [https://dokie.li].
This is not via block-chain technologies but builds on top of the existing Web. Maybe this can be an inspiration for you for an alternative way how these applications can be built.
BR
Patrick Hochstenbach