- From: Axel Polleres <axel.polleres@deri.org>
- Date: Thu, 06 Dec 2007 23:57:25 +0000
- To: "Public-Rif-Wg (E-mail)" <public-rif-wg@w3.org>
Hi all, I was asked to make a use case for what is called higher-order built-ins. In order to recap, let me repeat a generic definition of the term "built-in" from one of my previous mails (see http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-rif-wg/2007Nov/0011.html): "[...] evaluable predicates, unlike usual definitions of built-ins in logic programming, can not only take constant parameters but also (extensions of) predicates as input. Inputs can not only be terms, but also predicate names (in which case the *extension* of the respective predicate is the input.)" Here some example: 1) Aggregate functions, for instance count seem to be a necessary prerequisite for aggregating not only database data, but also web data: In this example, we assume we have a builtin &count with binding pattern &count( Input, Output) available that counts the extension of the predicate 'Input'. With such a predicate, I could count the number of foaf:knows links defined in my foaf file more or less like this: myfriends(?X) :- :me[foaf:knows->?X]. friendscount(Count) :- &count( myfriends, Count ). Such builtins ar implemented in the dlvhex system [1,2]. We used this generic mechanism for instance to implement an extension by aggregate functions for SPARQL, details see [3,4]. In that paper we have more complex agregates where we can also define the parameters of a certain predicate we want to agregate over. 2) Another example is interoperability of rules and ontologies by dedicated DL query predicates, see also [1]. 1. 1. T. Eiter, G. Ianni, R. Schindlauer, H. Tompits. A Uniform Integration of Higher-Order Rea- soning and External Evaluations in Answer Set Programming. In International Joint Con- ference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI) 2005, pp. 90–96, Edinburgh, UK, Aug. 2005. 2. http://www.kr.tuwien.ac.at/research/dlvhex 3. A. Polleres, F. Scharffe, and R. Schindlauer. SPARQL++ for mapping between RDF vocabularies. In OTM 2007, Part I : Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Ontologies, DataBases, and Applications of Semantics (ODBASE 2007), volume 4803 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 878-896, Vilamoura, Algarve, Portugal, November 2007. Springer. http://www.polleres.net/publications/poll-etal-2007.pdf 4. http://www.polleres.net/presentations/20071127-SPARQL++ODBASE2007.pdf -- Dr. Axel Polleres email: axel@polleres.net url: http://www.polleres.net/
Received on Thursday, 6 December 2007 23:57:50 UTC