- From: Thomas Lörtsch <tl@rat.io>
- Date: Tue, 24 Jan 2023 02:07:47 +0100
- To: "Peter F. Patel-Schneider" <pfpschneider@gmail.com>
- Cc: public-rdf-star-wg@w3.org
> On 24. Jan 2023, at 01:39, Peter F. Patel-Schneider <pfpschneider@gmail.com> wrote:
>
> For some of these examples it is unclear what is going on. For example, is Sherman Klump a string or an object?
Does it matter if Sherman Klump is a string or an object? The point is not the value, but the property: the annotation type is "role" (as in "actor plays role in movie", as the text above the example explains, like https://schema.org/PerformanceRole). This is not a provenance annotation but a middle of the road property. That’s what’s going on.
> Similarly for 135025560000;
Same here: the value type doesn’t matter - the annotation type "start_date" says enough.
> Jan10, 2011; and friends.
Same again.
> Without this information it is unclear what edge annotations are being used.
I’m afraid I don’t understand your problem.
IMO one fact is pretty clear: provenance is merely one use case among many in LPG statement annotations. LPG statement annotation is a way to structure information in one primary and some secondary aspects. What happens to be secondary is application specific, there is no strict rule.
Best,
Thomas
>
> peter
>
>
>
> On 1/23/23 19:19, Thomas Lörtsch wrote:
>> Hi,
>>
>> I collected some use cases for edge annotations by googling for "property graph example", checking some popular books on graph databases and consulting RDF-star implementors' documentations. It wasn’t a very systematic effort but I swear I didn’t pick favorites.
>> I did put a little effort in formatting, so with a monospaced font it should be fairly readable. When the example has 2 columns and 3 rows then the left column are subject, predicate and object of a statement and the right column are the attributes - you’ll get the idea.
>>
>> Best,
>> Thomas
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> EXAMPLES:
>>
>>
>> Dave Bechberger, Josh Perryman - Graph Databases in Action, Manning Publications, 2020
>> Figure 2.18 Adding a role property to the acted_in edge creates a mutiple uniqueness edge to express the fact that Eddie Murphy acted in multiple roles in the movie Nutty Professor.
>>
>> person Eddie Murphy
>> acted_in role: Sherman Klump, Buddy Love
>> movie Nutty Professor
>>
>>
>>
>> Ian Robinson, Jim Webber, Emil Eifrim - Graph Databases New opportunities for Connected Data, O’Reilly, 2015
>> Figure 5-16. Timestamp properties on relationships
>>
>> id:1 Location: Parcel Center
>> CONNECTED_TO cost: 3, start_date: 13502556000000, end_date: 13508604000000
>> id:1, name:… Location: Delivery Base
>>
>>
>>
>> Neo4j Developer, Why Graph Databases?
>> https://neo4j.com/developer/graph-database/
>>
>> Person name: Dan, born: May 29 1970, twitter: "@dan"
>> drives since: Jan 10, 2011
>> Car brand: "Volvo", model: "V70"
>>
>>
>>
>> Neo4j Blog, RDF Triple Stores vs. Labeled Property Graphs: What’s the Difference?
>> https://neo4j.com/blog/rdf-triple-store-vs-labeled-property-graph-difference/
>>
>> 2042819 name: NYC
>> CONNECTION distanceKm: 4100, costUSD: 300
>> 2042820 name: SFO
>>
>>
>>
>> Oracle, Graph Developer's Guide for Property Graph, 1.1.1 What Are Property Graphs?
>> https://docs.oracle.com/en/database/oracle/property-graph/22.2/spgdg/what-are-property-graphs.html
>>
>> 1 name: Alice, age: 31
>> knows type: friends
>> 2 name: Bob, age: 27
>>
>>
>>
>> Oxford Semantics, What is a labeled property graph?
>> https://www.oxfordsemantic.tech/fundamentals/what-is-a-labeled-property-graph
>>
>> ID: "12345", Label: "Person"
>> name: "Alice", dateOfBirth: "1975-10-22", height: 1.70
>> ID "24680", Label: "Married"
>> date: "2004-09-19"
>> ID: "67890", Label: "Person"
>> name: "Bob", dateOfBirth: "1976-01-07", height: 1.75
>>
>>
>>
>> TerminusDB Community Blog post, Graph Fundamentals — Part 2: Labelled Property Graphs
>> https://medium.com/terminusdb/graph-fundamentals-part-2-labelled-property-graphs-ba9a8edb5dfe
>> NODE name: "Andy", title: "Developer"
>> EDGE rid:"MANAGES", from: 2011-12-12
>> NODE name: "Bob", title: "Manager"
>>
>>
>>
>> OpenCredo, Blog post, Making Sense of Data with RDF* vs. LPG
>> https://opencredo.com/blogs/making-sense-of-data-with-rdf-vs-lpg/
>>
>> Elon Musk
>> FOUNDED startDate: "2002-03-14", source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SpaceX"
>> SpaceX
>>
>>
>>
>> Cambridge Semantics, AnzoGraphDB 2.5, Creating and Querying Labeled Property Graphs (RDF*)
>> https://docs.cambridgesemantics.com/anzograph/v2.5/userdoc/lpgs.htm?Highlight=Labeled%20Property%20Graphs%20RDF*
>>
>> @prefix tickit: <http://anzograph.com/tickit/> .
>>
>> tickit:person3
>> rdf:type tickit:person ;
>> tickit:card "4984932249480735"^^xsd:long ;
>> tickit:birthday "1963-07-02"^^xsd:date ;
>> […] .
>> << tickit:person3 tickit:like "sports" >> tickit:weight 8 .
>> << tickit:person3 tickit:like "rock" >> tickit:weight 9 .
>> […]
>> << tickit:person3 tickit:friend tickit:person8563 >> tickit:startDate "1990-01-04"^^xsd:date .
>> << tickit:person3 tickit:friend tickit:person38436 >> tickit:startDate "2000-04-27"^^xsd:date .
>> << tickit:person3 tickit:friend tickit:person11979 >> tickit:startDate "2004-11-09"^^xsd:date .
>> << tickit:person3 tickit:friend tickit:person11979 >> tickit:endDate "2012-07-17"^^xsd:date .
>> tickit:person3 tickit:friend tickit:person8639,
>> […]
>> tickit:person11979,
>> […]
>> tickit:person38436
>> […] .
>>
>> [In this example something went wrong with asserting quoted triples:
>> person11979 should not be listed as friend anymore and
>> it’s unclear why person8563 isn’t listed.
>> Maybe a mishap, or mabye the friendship ended but we don’t know the date.]
>>
>>
>>
>> Renzo Angles, 2018, The Property Graph Database Model
>> http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2100/paper26.pdf
>>
>> Entry title, numpages, keyword
>> hasAuthor order
>> Author fname, lname
>>
>> InProceedings (inherits from Entry)
>> booktitle pages
>> Proceedings title, year, month
>>
>> Article (inherits from Entry)
>> publishedIn pages
>> Journal title, year, vol, num
>>
>>
>>
>> Stardog, Query Stardog/Edge Properties (beta)
>> https://docs.stardog.com/query-stardog/edge-properties
>>
>> << :Pete a :Engineer >> :since 2010 .
>> << :Pete :worksAt :Stardog >> :source :HR .
>>
>> :Pete a { :since 2010 ; until 2018} :Engineer ;
>> :worksAt { :source :HR } :Stardog
>>
>>
>>
>> Stardog, Blog, Property Graphs meet Stardog
>> https://www.stardog.com/blog/property-graphs-meet-stardog/
>>
>> << :Alice :worksFor :ACME >> :role :CEO ;
>> :since 2010 ;
>> :probability 0.8 ;
>> :source <http://example.com/news> .
>>
>> :Alice :worksFor {:role :CEO ;
>> :since 2010 ;
>> :probability 0.8 ;
>> :source <http://example.com/news>} :ACME ;
>> :birthDate {:probability 0.2} "1972-01-01"^^xsd:date ;
>> :nationality {:source <http://example.org/Alice>} :USA .
>>
>>
>>
>> GraphDB 9.2 Documentation, RDF* and SPARQL*
>> https://graphdb.ontotext.com/documentation/9.2/free/devhub/rdf-sparql-star.html#id1
>> (the current 10.1 docs use the same examples, just with explicit namespaces)
>>
>> :man :hasSpouse :woman .
>> <<:man :hasSpouse :woman>> :startDate "2020-02-11"^^xsd:date .
>>
>> <<:man :hasSpouse :woman>> ex:certainty 0.9 .
>>
>> Object relation qualifiers:
>> <<:man :hasSpouse :woman>> :startDate "2020-02-11"^^xsd:date
>>
>> Data value qualifiers:
>> <<:painting :height 32.1>>
>> :unit :cm;
>> :measurementTechnique :laserScanning;
>> :measuredOn "2020-02-11"^^xsd:date.
>>
>> Statement sources/references:
>> <<:man :hasSpouse :woman>>
>> :source :TheNationalEnquirer;
>> :webpage <http://nationalenquirer.com/news/2020-02-12>;
>> :retrieved "2020-02-13"^^xsd:dateTime.
>>
>>
>>
>> Apache Jena, Documentation Support of RDF-star
>> https://jena.apache.org/documentation/rdf-star/
>>
>> SELECT ?name { <<:john foaf:name ?name >> dct:source <http://example/directory> }
>>
>> B.t.w., the page also says:
>> "Translating back to RDF-star relies on the consistency constraint
>> that there is only one reification for each unique quoted triple term."
>> That's another way to illustrate how misguided the type-based approach of RDF-star is.
>>
>>
>> TopQuadrant, RDF-Star – Why, how and when should you use it?
>> https://www.topquadrant.com/resources/rdf-star-why-how-and-when-should-you-use-it
>>
>> example:Irene rdfs:label “Irene” ;
>> rdf:type example:Person ;
>> example:worksFor example:TopQuadrant .
>> <urn:triple:%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fexample.org%2Freification%23Irene%3E:%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fexample.org%2Freification%23worksFor%3E:%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fexample.org%2Freification%23TopQuadrant%3E>
>> example:startDate “2001-12-01″^^xsd:date .
>>
>>
>>
>> rdf4j, Doumentation, RDF-Star and SPARQL-Star
>> https://rdf4j.org/documentation/programming/rdfstar/
>>
>> <<ex:bob foaf:age 23>> ex:certainty 0.9 .
>>
>>
>
Received on Tuesday, 24 January 2023 01:08:20 UTC