RE: How to attach a prov graph to an RDF Triple?

Yes, thinking of named graphs as contexts rather than sources means you it is natural to see the same triple in multiple graphs.

You could have one medium-sized graph for how an RDF file was loaded, a tiny graph of perhaps just that triple to assess its quality/assertion etc, and larger combined graphs for aggregated reasoning (including the all-inclusive union graph).

In PROV we generalized this concept as “PROV bundles” https://www.w3.org/TR/prov-dm/#component4 – which allows you to describe provenance and provenance, and relate alternate histories of entities that are loosely the “same thing” using https://www.w3.org/TR/prov-links/


You will see that will also allow you to talk about the entity in another bundle – but it does admittedly not allow you to talk about particular triples/attributes separately.


The miniature graph approach is also used by Nanopublications http://www.nanopub.org/guidelines/  – which basically have a single statement or so in an “assertion” graph, and then two associated graphs with “provenance” (how was that assertion made) and “publication info” (citation info).  Both of these would use prov: statements. The nanopublication graph itself just ties these other three graphs together as well as declaring itself as a nanopublication.

Example from http://www.nanopub.org/2013/WD-guidelines-20131215/#well-formed-nanopublications


:nanopubEx {
     :nanopubEx a np:Nanopublication .
     :nanopubEx np:hasAssertion :assertion .
     :nanopubEx np:hasProvenance :provenance .
     :nanopubEx np:hasPublicationInfo :pubInfo .
}

:assertion {
    :trastuzumab :is-indicated-for :breast-cancer .
    :assertion a np:Assertion .
}

:provenance {
    :assertion prov:generatedAtTime "2012-02-03T14:38:00Z"^^xsd:dateTime  .
    :assertion prov:wasDerivedFrom :experiment .
    :assertion prov:wasAttributedTo :experimentScientist .
    :provenance a np:Provenance .
}

:pubInfo {
:nanopubEx prov:wasAttributedTo :paul .
:nanopubEx prov:generatedAtTime "2012-10-26T12:45:00Z"^^xsd:dateTime .
:pubInfo a np:PublicationInfo .
}


The nanopublication servers can propagate these - see https://github.com/tkuhn/nanopub-server - using trusty URIs as graph names, the URIs containing a hash of the content of the nanopublication so it does not matter where it lives. In this aspect you have captured a “knowlet” and can cite it and talk about it in other ways – in particular deriving one nanopublication from another in their publication info.

This split also allow you to state separately who made the asserted claim (but perhaps not in RDF) and who shaped it into RDF/nanopub.



--
Stian Soiland-Reyes, eScience Lab
School of Computer Science, The University of Manchester
http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9842-9718


From: martin<mailto:martin@ics.forth.gr>
Sent: 17 October 2017 11:21
To: public-prov-comments@w3.org<mailto:public-prov-comments@w3.org>
Subject: Re: How to attach a prov graph to an RDF Triple?

We use the RDF language TRIG to define named graphs. Currently, all
important triple stores and RDF-enabled graph databases support the
concept as "contexts" or whatever. As implementation, it works exactly
as you expect. We have implemented in this way argumentation and
annotation models. Even though theory is somehow lagging behind, if you
use Named Graphs only for instance level for reification, it works well,
and has the advantage that you keep related triples in the context of
reference.

Best,

Martin

On 10/12/2017 6:59 PM, Svensson, Lars wrote:
> Hi Olaf,
>
> On Tuesday, October 10, 2017 9:58 PM, Olaf Hartig [mailto:olaf.hartig@liu.se] wrote:
>> To: public-prov-comments@w3.org
>> There is another approach that we are currently working on. It goes by the
>> name RDF* and SPARQL*. The basic idea is to allow for nesting of triples and,
>> similarly, nesting of triple patterns in queries. Find a short, 4-pages
>> description of the proposal and of our initial results in the following
>> document:
>>
>> http://olafhartig.de/files/Hartig_ISWC2017_RDFStarPosterPaper.pdf

>>
>> The document also includes pointers to more detailed documents.
>>
>> Let me know if you have any questions about it.
> Thanks, I shall look closely at it and then come back to you. I'm out of office next week so please bear with me that it will take a few days...
>
> Best,
>
> Lars
>
>

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