Re: Help with modelling a Valency Lexicon using Ontolex

Dear Francesco,

As I know, OntoLex/Lemon doesn't provide the means for direct linking of a
lexical sense (i.e. lexical unit in your terminology) with a syntactic
frame.

To do this, some projects define their own custom properties (such as
pdevl-s:frameSense in PDEV-Lemon), but, of course, this leads to
interoperability issues.

I think using of PreMOn is a viable option. A lexical sense and a syntactic
frame can be linked indirectly by the following chain: Lexical entry →
Lexical sense → Synset (defined as a Lexical concept and a Semantic class)
→ Semantic argument → Syntactic argument → Syntactic frame.

According to this modelling pattern, a verb synset should be additionally
defined as an instance of pmo:SemanticClass and be provided with semantic
arguments. I think, pmo:SemanticClass fits quite well. SemanticClass can be
used to model semantic frames. A semantic frame, in turn, is an event or a
situation, and it is exactly what a verb synset represents.

With respect to your resource, the proposed pattern can be realized as
follows:

@base <http://lila-erc.eu/data/lexicalResources/>.
> @prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>.
> @prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos#>.
> @prefix ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#>.
> @prefix synsem: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/synsem#>.
> @prefix lexinfo: <http://www.lexinfo.net/ontology/3.0/lexinfo#>.
> @prefix pmo: <http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/core#>.
> @prefix lwn: <LatinWordNet/ontology#> .
>
> #The "abduco" verb
> <LatinWordNet/id/LexicalEntry/l_86867>
>   a ontolex:LexicalEntry;
>   rdfs:label "abduco";
>   ontolex:canonicalForm  <data/id/lemma/86867>;
>   ontolex:sense
>     <LatinWordNet/id/LexicalSense/l_86867_00173338-v>,
>     <LatinWordNet/id/LexicalSense/l_86867_00783246-v>,
>     <...>;
>   synsem:synBehavior
>     <LatinWordNet/id/SyntacticFrame/l_86867-frame1>,
>     <...>.
>
> #Its lexical sense
> <LatinWordNet/id/LexicalSense/l_86867_00173338-v>
>   a ontolex:LexicalSense;
>   rdfs:label "Sense 00173338-v of abduco";
>   ontolex:isLexicalizedSenseOf
>     <http://wordnet-rdf.princeton.edu/wn30/00173338-v>;
>   ontolex:isSenseOf
>     <LatinWordNet/id/LexicalEntry/l_86867>.
>
> #A synset, provided by semantic arguments
> <LatinWordNet/id/LexicalConcept/00173338-v>
>   a ontolex:LexicalConcept, pmo:SemanticClass;
>   rdfs:label "Removing event";
>   lwn:hyponym
>     <LatinWordNet/id/LexicalConcept/01434278-v>,
>     <LatinWordNet/id/LexicalConcept/01351170-v>,
>     <...>;
>   pmo:semRole
>     <LatinWordNet/id/SemanticRole/00173338-v@act>,
>     <LatinWordNet/id/SemanticRole/00173338-v@dir1>,
>     <LatinWordNet/id/SemanticRole/00173338-v@dir3>,
>     <LatinWordNet/id/SemanticRole/00173338-v@pat>;
>   ontolex:lexicalizedSense
>     <LatinWordNet/id/LexicalSense/l_86867_00173338-v>,
>     <LatinWordNet/id/LexicalSense/l_100998_00173338-v>,
>     <...>;
>   #External link to a WordNet synset
>   skos:closeMatch
>     <http://wordnet-rdf.princeton.edu/wn30/00173338-v>.
>
> #A semantic argument
> <LatinWordNet/id/SemanticRole/00173338-v@act>
>   a pmo:SemanticRole;
>   rdfs:label "Agent of a Removing event";
>   #A thematic role of the argument, defined in the assumed LWN ontology
>   lwn:thematicRole lwn:act.
>
> #A syntactic frame
> <LatinWordNet/id/SyntacticFrame/l_86867-frame1>
>   a synsem:SyntacticFrame;
>   rdfs:label "Syntactic frame of the «abduco» verb in the 00173338-v
> sense";
>   synsem:synArg
>     <LatinWordNet/id/SyntacticArgument/l_86867-arg-1>,
>     <LatinWordNet/id/SyntacticArgument/l_86867-arg-2>,
>     <...>.
>
> #A syntactic argument, linked to a semantic argument
> <LatinWordNet/id/SyntacticArgument/l_86867-arg-1>
>   a synsem:SyntacticArgument;
>   rdfs:label "Subject of the «abduco» verb";
>   lexinfo:case lexinfo:nominativeCase;
>   #Mapping between the syntactic and semantic arguments
>   pmo:valueObj
>     <LatinWordNet/id/SemanticRole/00173338-v@act>.
>

Best,
Alexander Kirillovich
Kazan Federal University

вт, 15 дек. 2020 г. в 05:05, Francesco Mambrini <
francesco.mambrini@unicatt.it>:

> Dear all,
>
> sorry for the very long email. I would be very grateful if anybody could
> give me some advice with the following problem.
>
> The rest of the LiLa Team and I are working on a new version of our Latin
> Vallex lexicon that we want to publish as LLOD:
>
> https://itreebank.marginalia.it/view/lvl.php
>
> The Latin Vallex describes the valency frame attached to possible senses
> of a series of valency-capable words, which are for now limited to verbs.
> Each sense of a verb is assigned a valency frame that is described with the
> appropriate set of semantic-role descriptors (called "functors"; a list is
> available here
> <https://ufal.mff.cuni.cz/pdt2.0/doc/manuals/en/t-layer/html/ch07.html>).
> Furthermore, we're defining the senses in close connection with our new
> Latin WordNet.
>
> So, for instance, the verb "abduco" (remove) in the sense
> <http://lila-erc.eu/data/lexicalResources/LatinWordNet/id/LexicalSense/l_86867_00173338-v>
> connected to the synset "remove something concrete, as by lifting, pushing,
> or taking off, or remove something abstract", is assigned a frame with the
> roles: ACT (roughly: agent), DIR1 (direction from), DIR3 (direction to),
> PAT (roughly: patient). Note that "functors" are semantic, rather than
> syntactic, descriptors.
>
> Since the beginning our Vallex has been closely modeled on the Czech
> Vallex:
>
> http://ufal.mff.cuni.cz/vallex
>
> http://ufal.mff.cuni.cz/%7Elopatkova/literatura/06-TR-vallex-2.0.pdf
>
> In the theoretical frame of Prague's Vallex, "valency frames" and "roles"
> are assigned to "Lexical Units", i.e (quoting from the PDF linked above)
> "form-meaning complexes with (relatively) stable and discrete semantic
> properties. Roughly speaking, LU can be understood as a given word in the
> given sense"; frames are defined locally for each lexical unit (there are
> no general classes of frames or of words, like VerbNet or Propbank classes).
>
> As all the LiLa resources are based on Ontolex, I am looking for any
> Ontolex-based solution that would be coherent with the Lexicon as it was
> designed. Now, it seems to me that it would be relatively easy to model it
> using the older classes and properties of Lemon, and assigning semantic
> roles to Ontolex senses (as was done with UbyLemon, if I see it right).
>
> I have a much harder time figuring out how I can model this information
> using SynSem now. One could theoretically say that the Vallex model
> presupposes a syntactic frame that is linked to a semantic frame (the Czech
> Vallex does indeed link the two); but I am quite at loss on how I could
> model this semantic frame using SynSem's ontology mapping, which seems
> designed to do other things.
>
> I have also considered Premon (https://premon.fbk.eu/), but I am not sure
> that our lexicon really fits in there either, as Premon is designed to work
> especially with semantic classes (like FrameNet's frames, or Propbank
> classes), which we don't have. Also, Premon requires you to attach roles
> and frames to Ontolex Lexical Concepts, which is not what our Vallex does..
> The quoted definition of "Lexical Unit" is, I think, compatible with an
> Ontolex Sense, but not at all with a Lexical Concept.
>
> So, this is why I would be extremely interested in learning of any
> suggestion or any possible opinion fom you!
>
> Many thanks for your help.
>
> Best regards,
>
> Francesco
>
>
>
>
>
> www.unicatt.it/5permille/
>
>