Re: synsem module

Sorry, I am late. I am calling in now.

Philipp.

Am 05.09.14 14:44, schrieb Francesca Frontini:
> Hi John,
> IF and only IF your remark 1) refers to my remark 1), i was referring 
> to the synsemFrame (as defined in Philips new example), not to the 
> synbehavior, which is fine under lexicalEntry.
>
> f.
>
>
> 2014-09-05 14:25 GMT+02:00 John P. McCrae 
> <jmccrae@cit-ec.uni-bielefeld.de 
> <mailto:jmccrae@cit-ec.uni-bielefeld.de>>:
>
>     Hi,
>
>     Apologies that I will not make the telco this afternoon. Some
>     general comments:
>
>      1. Syntactic behavior belongs to the lexical entry. It has been
>         previously argued that there should be a link between Frames
>         and Senses... I remain unconvinced as there is a link by means
>         of the arguments, and so I wonder if there is any use case
>         where there needs to a be sense-specific use of a frame
>         without using the arguments?
>      2. A very large number of the triples in the example are used for
>         the "semantic frame" or "semantic predicate"... 19 in fact. Is
>         there any use case, which justifies the use of this modelling,
>         in preference to the less verbose existing model?
>
>     In general, the model as defined by /lemon/ has been verified in a
>     large number of applications, and I have not heard of any use
>     cases that require modification of that structure. Can we please
>     see if there are any relevant applications not currently satisfied
>     by the syn-sem module as is, rather than innovating for
>     innovation's sake!
>
>     Regards,
>
>     John
>
>
>
>     On Fri, Sep 5, 2014 at 2:03 PM, Francesca Frontini
>     <francescafrontini@gmail.com <mailto:francescafrontini@gmail.com>>
>     wrote:
>
>         Dear Philip, all,
>         i've looked into the example and there are three main points
>         that should be looked into, from my part:
>
>         1) the synsemFrame here is one for sell and buy, as in
>         Philipps first example; following mine and Fahad's alternative
>         example, could one also represent two synsemFrame objects, one
>         for sell and one for buy, linked to the same ontological
>         object? or would that force us to have two ontological events too?
>
>         2) the synsemFrame is linked to the lexicalEntry, with (if im
>         not mistaken) no direct or indirect connection to the sense.
>          This feels a bit wrong to me; when a verb has more than one
>         sense, you want to be able to match correctly; couldn't one
>         make it a property of the sense instead?
>
>         3) the thematic roles are on the synbehavior. I think that,
>         especially for intransitive verbs one can think of cases where
>         the subject may have different roles (in one case agent and in
>         the other something else, like Force or Natural Cause, in some
>         inventories). Intuitively, "John_agent destroyed the
>         house_patient" and "The avalanche_cause destroyed the
>         house_patient" have the same synbehavior, but  may correspond
>         to a different sense and a different ontological event, have
>         different selectional preferences and thematic role. How would
>         one deal with this? Generally speaking Thematic Roles are
>         considered at the interface of syntax and semantics rather
>         than a syntactic phenomenon; hypothesis: couldn't they
>         somewhat be linked to the synsem:argBinding?
>
>         Hope I can be there this afternoon, otherwise i'll read you
>         from the thread.
>
>         Cheers from Paris,
>         Francesca
>
>
>         2014-09-04 17:04 GMT+02:00 Fahad Khan <anasfkhan81@gmail.com
>         <mailto:anasfkhan81@gmail.com>>:
>
>             Dear Philipp and list,
>
>             Thanks for the example, I will go through it this afternoon.
>
>             Francesca has told me she probably won't be able to make
>             it tomorrow, but, unexpected circumstances aside, I will
>             be there.
>
>
>
>             Cheers,
>             Fahad
>
>
>             On 4 September 2014 14:04, Philipp Cimiano
>             <cimiano@cit-ec.uni-bielefeld.de
>             <mailto:cimiano@cit-ec.uni-bielefeld.de>> wrote:
>
>                 Hi Fahad, Francesca, all,
>
>                  I attach a new version of example10.ttl (see also GIT).
>
>                 I have tried to merge the proposals of Fahad/Francesca
>                 with my proposal at the same time trying to remain as
>                 compact as possible.
>
>                 It would be great if we could discuss this example at
>                 the telco tomorrow.
>
>                 In particular, I would like to know whether these is
>                 any information that was in your example (Fahad and
>                 Francesca) that is not in mine.
>
>                 I will send out access details for the telco in a few
>                 minutes.
>
>                 Talk to you tomorrow.
>
>                 Philipp.
>
>                 Am 29.08.14 11:35, schrieb Fahad Khan:
>>
>>                 Hi everyone
>>
>>
>>                 Here are a few responses to John and Philipp’s
>>                 comments. Hopefully we can discuss these further in
>>                 the call and afterwards in the list too. One thing I
>>                 would like to point out at the start is that even
>>                 though the emails are being sent out under my
>>                 (Fahad’s) name and I’m doing the majority of the
>>                 typing most of the work on the model is Francesca’s.
>>                 Hopefully in the call today most of the explanation
>>                 will be her's too:)
>>
>>
>>                 Our main motivation here is our resistance to
>>                 stripping all semantics from the lexicon part
>>                 especially with respect to the conversion of legacy
>>                 resources. In principle we agree with a lot of John &
>>                  Philipp’s remarks that go in the direction of
>>                 preserving semantics by reference. But it is
>>                 difficult to see how this impacts us, as people who
>>                 have a legacy resource (such as Parole Simple Clips)
>>                 and want to use the ontolex model to publish it.
>>
>>
>>                 Practically speaking we don’t know what to do with
>>                 the PSC semantic layer. On the one hand Philip
>>                 reminds us that Ontolex deals primarily with "given"
>>                 ontologies. That leaves our semantic layer out. As
>>                 you know we have tried to be faithful to the idea of
>>                 semantics by reference in converting PSC using lemon;
>>                 but we also wanted to publish all the semantics of
>>                 PSC; this forced us to create a new ontological level
>>                 to accommodate our semantic layer.
>>
>>
>>                 But this to be honest is not really a well formed
>>                 ontology, and can hardly be pointed to by other
>>                 lexicons (other languages...) without a lot of manual
>>                 checking. This is not what we want... we want
>>                 ontologies that are reusable even independently from
>>                 the original lexicon.
>>
>>
>>                 Our concern is that people with a legacy resource,
>>                 are just going to choose the easy way, use the
>>                 "lexical" basics of the model, like the lexical
>>                 entry, the canonical form.... and then add/define
>>                 their semantic stuff on top of it, as an extension to
>>                 the lexical model, that is without using "reference"
>>                 to an ontology. Basically they'll add their semantic
>>                 layer the way they want it.
>>
>>
>>                 Nevertheless, for the sake of the argument, why don't
>>                 we take a resource of some complexity and try to see
>>                 how it accomodates in your best model in a way that
>>                 is really faithful to the ontolex philosophy, and at
>>                 the same time leaving as little information out as
>>                 possible.
>>
>>
>>                 We are thinking of completing Parole Simple Clips, as
>>                 a test case for this, but it's a big beast. We have
>>                 started to do this, but when you tackle the verbs and
>>                 the predicates, it's even more complex. Maybe this
>>                 will give us an idea of how much adjustment legacy
>>                 resources would require to be faithful to the
>>                 "semantics by reference"  model, and how reusable the
>>                 stuff that ends up on the ontological side.
>>
>>                 Cheers,
>>                 Fahad & Francesca
>>
>>
>>
>>                 On 29 August 2014 08:34, Philipp Cimiano
>>                 <cimiano@cit-ec.uni-bielefeld.de
>>                 <mailto:cimiano@cit-ec.uni-bielefeld.de>> wrote:
>>
>>                     Dear Fahad, all,
>>
>>                      I finally had the chance to look at your
>>                     proposal in more detail, I think it is more in
>>                     line than we might expect at first sight with the
>>                     example that I provided a few weeks ago. I attach
>>                     the example again for the sake of easier
>>                     reference. In particular, I think that:
>>
>>                     1) The *PredicativeRepresentation*s you are
>>                     proposing corresponds to the *SemanticFrame*s
>>                     that I was proposing. It sort of represents "the
>>                     complex predicate expressed by a lexical entry",
>>                     where the atomic parts come from a given
>>                     ontology. Our proposals differ in that I was
>>                     attaching the SemanticFrames to the
>>                     SyntacticBehaviour via the relation "semFrame",
>>                     then linking the frame to the sense. However, we
>>                     can of course link the "sense" to the Frame as
>>                     you propose and then link the Frame to the
>>                     corresponding syntactic behaviour. Both are fine
>>                     from my side. If you think your modelling here is
>>                     better, then I have no problem in endorsing it.
>>
>>                     2) As John mentioned, our building assumption is
>>                     that predicates per se are *only* in the
>>                     ontology. In this sense, the first decision to
>>                     make is whether sell and buy denote the same
>>                     concept in the ontology (lemon and myself are
>>                     agnostic in this respect, this is a conceptual
>>                     decision to make). The different perspectives you
>>                     mention could be modelled by the SemanticFrame
>>                     class that I was proposing, with different
>>                     mappings between syntactic and semantic
>>                     arguments. Information about semantic roles can
>>                     be attached as annotations, that's not a problem.
>>                     Further, the ontolex model allows you to have two
>>                     different senses for sell and buy that
>>                     nevertheless link to the same ontological
>>                     class/predicate.
>>
>>                     3) Note that ontolex was used to interface a
>>                     lexicon with a given (domain) ontology, not a
>>                     linguistic ontology. Agent / Themes / Beneficiary
>>                     are linguistic roles rather than roles/relations
>>                     that would appear in a (domain) ontology. As John
>>                     mentions we can attach these roles to the
>>                     syntactic arguments without a problem.
>>
>>                     Let's discuss this further today. I will then try
>>                     to create a new example that unifies both
>>                     proposals, mine and Fahads.
>>
>>                     talk to you later,
>>
>>                     Philipp.
>>
>>                     Am 28.08.14 15:01, schrieb John P. McCrae:
>>>                     Hi,
>>>
>>>
>>>                     On Thu, Aug 28, 2014 at 2:10 PM, Fahad Khan
>>>                     <anasfkhan81@gmail.com
>>>                     <mailto:anasfkhan81@gmail.com>> wrote:
>>>
>>>                         Dear John,
>>>
>>>                         Thanks for your comments.
>>>
>>>                         We partly agree on your points, especially
>>>                         about the redundancy of some modules. We
>>>                         want to use this LMF style treatment as a
>>>                         starting point for further discussion.
>>>
>>>                         As for the the use of reference for
>>>                         selectional preferences we can see your
>>>                         point (maybe instead we can use a different
>>>                         relation such as "domain" instead of
>>>                         "reference").
>>>
>>>                         What we're still not sure about is the fact
>>>                         that predicates should only be in the
>>>                         ontology: where the ontology in this case
>>>                         represents the extensions of lexical items.
>>>                         The problem we have is that for example, one
>>>                         can understand the senses of "buy" and
>>>                         "sell" in this example to represent two
>>>                         different predicates but just one class of
>>>                         "actions" (e.g., purchase_exchange_actions):
>>>                         where the predicate represents a different
>>>                         "linguistically" motivated way of looking at
>>>                         the same class of events.
>>>
>>>                         If you want to make "buy" and "sell" one
>>>                         predicate as in the Ontolex example that was
>>>                         given earlier on, i see practical as well as
>>>                         theoretical problems. Practically, you force
>>>                         all those who have two predicates in their
>>>                         resource to go and check which should be merged.
>>>
>>>                     The question of whether to model buy and sell as
>>>                     a single event or as two events that entail each
>>>                     other is an interesting question in general, but
>>>                     it is a conceptual modelling issue, rather than
>>>                     a lexical issue. As long as the lexicon can
>>>                     capture how each entry interfaces with
>>>                     predicates defined in the ontology, such details
>>>                     of the lexical modelling should not matter. It
>>>                     is also unavoidable that when dealing with
>>>                     legacy resources, some work will be needed to
>>>                     harmonize with any defined OntoLex model.
>>>
>>>
>>>                         Also, what about semantic role labeling? the
>>>                         first argument of the sell predicate is an
>>>                         agent according to PSC. So is the first
>>>                         argument of the buy predicate.  It is
>>>                         because the same action is conceptualized in
>>>                         different ways in language. But on the
>>>                         ontological level, these different roles
>>>                         point to the same participant in the action
>>>                         (eg. The buyer is beneficiary in one case
>>>                         and agent in another).
>>>
>>>                         Overall it seems to us there exists
>>>                         information related to semantic predicates
>>>                         (as they are used in lexical resources we
>>>                         know) which seems to pertain more to word
>>>                         use, and to the linguistic rather than to
>>>                         the ontological level. But, we think this
>>>                         would a good matter for discussion.
>>>
>>>                     Such linguistic features can be captured by
>>>                     annotations on the arguments as required.
>>>
>>>
>>>                         As for the SynSemCorrespondence, indeed it
>>>                         is verbose to implement, but consider also
>>>                         that instead of having to laboriously map
>>>                         lots of individual cases of syntactic and
>>>                         semantic arguments you can just define a
>>>                         reified object that represents without
>>>                         redundancy a whole class of such mappings.
>>>                         For instance in Parole Simple Clips, you'd
>>>                         have thousands of instances all pointing to
>>>                         one class of mappings, such as IsoTrivalent,
>>>                         or IsoBivalent. The synsemcorrespondence
>>>                         object enables you to do this.
>>>
>>>                     As I said, the merging of the syntactic and
>>>                     semantic arguments as proposed by /lemon/ is
>>>                     maximally efficient as it requires no extra
>>>                     triples, it also has several other advantages,
>>>                     most notably it is easier to query and work with.
>>>
>>>                     Regards,
>>>                     John
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>                         Cheers,
>>>                         Francesca + Fahad
>>>
>>>
>>>                         On 28 August 2014 12:19, John P. McCrae
>>>                         <jmccrae@cit-ec.uni-bielefeld.de
>>>                         <mailto:jmccrae@cit-ec.uni-bielefeld.de>> wrote:
>>>
>>>                             Hi Fahad, Francesca, all,
>>>
>>>                             I will not be at the telco tomorrow due
>>>                             to being busy at Coling, but I will
>>>                             provide some comments on the proposal
>>>
>>>                               * 'Predicates' should not be included
>>>                                 in the modelling of SynSem, as
>>>                                 predicates are something clearly
>>>                                 defined by the ontology. A duplicate
>>>                                 mechanism for semantics is not
>>>                                 needed in lemon/OntoLex as we have a
>>>                                 good semantic model (OWL) in
>>>                                 contrast to a pure lexicon model
>>>                                 like LMF, which must define its own
>>>                                 semantic model.
>>>                               * I still have no clue what a
>>>                                 'predicative representation' is...
>>>                                 it seems entirely unnecessary in
>>>                                 LMF, but perhaps I am wrong here?
>>>                               * Arguments cannot have references to
>>>                                 an ontology, they represent slots
>>>                                 that should be filled in the logical
>>>                                 representation defined by the
>>>                                 ontology. The proposal here seems to
>>>                                 confuse references with domains
>>>                                 (that is the class of object
>>>                                 referenced by the argument rather
>>>                                 than the actual values referred to
>>>                                 by the argument, when the frame is
>>>                                 realized).
>>>                               * The SynSemCorrespondence object from
>>>                                 LMF is frankly verbose and
>>>                                 unnecessarily so, it occupies 14
>>>                                 triples in your proposal, where as
>>>                                 direct linking of semantic and
>>>                                 syntactic arguments would take only
>>>                                 3 triples, and URI reuse as in
>>>                                 /lemon/ requires 0 triples! Is there
>>>                                 any justification for this complex
>>>                                 and verbose modelling?
>>>
>>>                             Regards,
>>>
>>>                             John
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>                             On Tue, Aug 26, 2014 at 4:06 PM, Fahad
>>>                             Khan <anasfkhan81@gmail.com
>>>                             <mailto:anasfkhan81@gmail.com>> wrote:
>>>
>>>                                 Dear Philipp
>>>
>>>                                 We've tried to put our money where
>>>                                 our mouth is so here is a rough and
>>>                                 ready version in RDF of the buy/sell
>>>                                 example  as well as a diagram of
>>>                                 part of the example, as inspired by
>>>                                 a more LMF type aproach:
>>>
>>>                                 https://docs.google.com/document/d/1dojqhFMHTswFWUarQAbeVo3ap6_UjDLyN9gTPydqr_g/edit
>>>
>>>                                 Cheers,
>>>
>>>                                 Fahad & Francesca
>>>
>>>
>>>                                 On 22 August 2014 10:37, Fahad Khan
>>>                                 <anasfkhan81@gmail.com
>>>                                 <mailto:anasfkhan81@gmail.com>> wrote:
>>>
>>>                                     Dear Philipp,
>>>                                     Sorry for the delay in
>>>                                     responding, we have been on
>>>                                     holiday too the last couple of
>>>                                     weeks.  We were planning to send
>>>                                     something to the list before we
>>>                                     went away, but it turns out the
>>>                                     translation was harder to do
>>>                                     than we thought (and our
>>>                                     collective knowledge of lmf less
>>>                                     comprehensive) and we weren't
>>>                                     entirely happy with what we came
>>>                                     up with. However we will send
>>>                                     you a slightly polished version
>>>                                     of our proposed example next
>>>                                     week before the telco -- after
>>>                                     having hopefully discussed it
>>>                                     with colleagues far more well
>>>                                     versed in lmf than us.
>>>                                     Cheers
>>>                                     Fahad and Francesca
>>>
>>>                                     Dear all,
>>>
>>>                                        I returned from holidays end
>>>                                     of last week. Given that some
>>>                                     people are still on holidays, I
>>>                                     propose we have our next telco
>>>                                     on Friday 29th at the regular
>>>                                     slot, i.e. 15:00 (CET). I will
>>>                                     send out an announcement soon.
>>>
>>>                                     @Fahad and Francesca: regarding
>>>                                     our email thread before the
>>>                                     holidays, would you please be so
>>>                                     kind to send an example of the
>>>                                     modelling of frames that is in
>>>                                     your view appropriate, an LMF
>>>                                     document would be fine for now
>>>                                     so that we can study the LMF
>>>                                     modelling in more detail in the
>>>                                     next telco and then propose
>>>                                     appropriate vocabulary elements
>>>                                     in the synsem module to do the
>>>                                     job. Starting from LMF seems a
>>>                                     good idea to me as I mentione a
>>>                                     few weeks ago.
>>>
>>>                                     I will continue working with the
>>>                                     vartrans and metadata modules
>>>                                     from next week on until we
>>>                                     receive the input form Fahad and
>>>                                     Francesca to continue the work
>>>                                     on the synsem module.
>>>
>>>                                     I regard the ontolex and decomp
>>>                                     modules as largely finished.
>>>                                     Please check the ontologies and
>>>                                     examples carefully so that we
>>>                                     can soon agree to release them.
>>>
>>>                                     Looking forward to continuing
>>>                                     with our work.
>>>
>>>                                     Best regards,
>>>
>>>                                     Philipp.
>>>
>>>                                     Am 02.08.14 18:46, schrieb
>>>                                     Manuel Fiorelli:
>>>>                                     Hi Philipp, All
>>>>
>>>>                                     sorry for the delayed response,
>>>>                                     which is in fact quite simple. 
>>>>                                     See below.
>>>>
>>>>                                     2014-08-01 11:53 GMT+02:00
>>>>                                     Philipp Cimiano
>>>>                                     <cimiano@cit-ec.uni-bielefeld.de <mailto:cimiano@cit-ec.uni-bielefeld.de>>:
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>                                         Am 01.08.14 00:10, schrieb
>>>>                                         Manuel Fiorelli:
>>>>>                                         My objection is that you
>>>>>                                         split the description of
>>>>>                                         the semantic frame into
>>>>>                                         two blocks. In each block,
>>>>>                                         you associated the frame
>>>>>                                         with subframes, each one
>>>>>                                         associating a semantic
>>>>>                                         role with a syntactic
>>>>>                                         argument. Having these two
>>>>>                                         blocks, I can easily
>>>>>                                         understand that the
>>>>>                                         semantic frame has three
>>>>>                                         roles, which maps to the
>>>>>                                         syntactic arguments.
>>>>>                                         Conversely, it I consider
>>>>>                                         these two blocks together,
>>>>>                                         as they are in reality,
>>>>>                                         then I am not sure I can
>>>>>                                         easily spot the "shape" of
>>>>>                                         the semantic frame.
>>>>>
>>>>                                         Yes, that is the only
>>>>                                         objection I can see so far
>>>>                                         as well. Let's give a
>>>>                                         deeper look at this after
>>>>                                         the holidays, ok?
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>                                     I used the word "objection",
>>>>                                     which is quite a strong word.
>>>>                                     Maybe "observation" would have
>>>>                                     been a better choice.
>>>>                                     Nevertheless, I agree with you
>>>>                                     that we can continue the
>>>>                                     discussion after the holidays.
>>>>
>>>>                                     Meanwhile, happy holidays to
>>>>                                     everybody listening to this
>>>>                                     thread, and the rest of the
>>>>                                     OntoLex community :-D
>>>
>>>                                     -- 
>>>                                     --
>>>                                     Prof. Dr. Philipp Cimiano
>>>                                     AG Semantic Computing
>>>                                     Exzellenzcluster für Cognitive Interaction Technology (CITEC)
>>>                                     Universität Bielefeld
>>>
>>>                                     Tel:+49 521 106 12249  <tel:%2B49%20521%20106%2012249>
>>>                                     Fax:+49 521 106 6560  <tel:%2B49%20521%20106%206560>
>>>                                     Mail:cimiano@cit-ec.uni-bielefeld.de  <mailto:cimiano@cit-ec.uni-bielefeld.de>
>>>
>>>                                     Office CITEC-2.307
>>>                                     Universitätsstr. 21-25
>>>                                     33615 Bielefeld, NRW
>>>                                     Germany
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>
>>                     -- 
>>                     --
>>                     Prof. Dr. Philipp Cimiano
>>                     AG Semantic Computing
>>                     Exzellenzcluster für Cognitive Interaction Technology (CITEC)
>>                     Universität Bielefeld
>>
>>                     Tel:+49 521 106 12249  <tel:%2B49%20521%20106%2012249>
>>                     Fax:+49 521 106 6560  <tel:%2B49%20521%20106%206560>
>>                     Mail:cimiano@cit-ec.uni-bielefeld.de  <mailto:cimiano@cit-ec.uni-bielefeld.de>
>>
>>                     Office CITEC-2.307
>>                     Universitätsstr. 21-25
>>                     33615 Bielefeld, NRW
>>                     Germany
>>
>>
>
>                 -- 
>                 --
>                 Prof. Dr. Philipp Cimiano
>                 AG Semantic Computing
>                 Exzellenzcluster für Cognitive Interaction Technology (CITEC)
>                 Universität Bielefeld
>
>                 Tel:+49 521 106 12249  <tel:%2B49%20521%20106%2012249>
>                 Fax:+49 521 106 6560  <tel:%2B49%20521%20106%206560>
>                 Mail:cimiano@cit-ec.uni-bielefeld.de  <mailto:cimiano@cit-ec.uni-bielefeld.de>
>
>                 Office CITEC-2.307
>                 Universitätsstr. 21-25
>                 33615 Bielefeld, NRW
>                 Germany
>
>
>
>
>

-- 
--
Prof. Dr. Philipp Cimiano
AG Semantic Computing
Exzellenzcluster für Cognitive Interaction Technology (CITEC)
Universität Bielefeld

Tel: +49 521 106 12249
Fax: +49 521 106 6560
Mail: cimiano@cit-ec.uni-bielefeld.de

Office CITEC-2.307
Universitätsstr. 21-25
33615 Bielefeld, NRW
Germany

Received on Friday, 5 September 2014 13:17:14 UTC