Re: semiotics.owl

This looks like the classic distinction of Sinn vs Bedeutung (Frege), 
isn't it? If the range of 'referent' has to be intended extensionally 
(Bedeutung), then pointing a Meaning (Sinn) to an ontology concept should 
be better clarified, since ontology concept may still be intensional 
constructs, and in fact enumerated concepts like the one in John's example 
are not common in average ontologies.  I would say that the class supplied 
as 'referent' could be either intended as an extension (like in the 
example) or a constraint that a suitable interpretation must satisfy. 

Guido Vetere
Manager, Center for Advanced Studies IBM Italia
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Elena Montiel Ponsoda <elemontiel@gmail.com> 
17/04/2013 12:06

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public-ontolex@w3.org
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Subject
Re: semiotics.owl






Hi Aldo, John, all,

After reading Aldo's previous e-mail on "Re: Senses, synsets and ontology 
mapping in WordNet", I am not so sure I agree with the example provided by 
John in the wiki page, that is why I would like to ask you for 
clarification.

Example: The term 'G8' expresses the OWL Class G8Countries and denotes the 
set {Canada,France,Germany,Italy,Japan,Russia,US,UK}, which is 
conceptualized by G8Countries

I quote from Aldo's previous e-mail:
 Re (3):
" 
This is not the case when we want to link lexical or KOS meanings to 
typical ontologies, e.g. to myont:Vomit class. If Vomit is an OWL (or 
RDFS) class, its interpretation is *extensional* (a collection of things, 
vomiting events in the common interpretation), therefore it's fully 
justified to use ontolex:reference for representing this linking.
Therefore:
                 wordnet:wordsense-vomit-verb-1 wordnet:inSynset 
wordnet:synset-vomit-verb-1
                 wordnet:wordsense-vomit-verb-1 ontolex:reference 
myont:Vomit
                 wordnet:synset-vomit-verb-1 ontolex:reference myont:Vomit

"
Aldo, if I understood this correctly, the reference relation would be 
established between the WordNet synset or meaning and an OWL class 
"myont:Vomit" in an ontology. 
Therefore,  the expression to vomit expresses the meaning (sense or 
synset) corresponding to that verb
                    the meaning (sense or synset) conceptualizes an OWL 
(or RDFS) class

If we extrapolate this to the G8 example, we would say that the expression 
G8 expresses the meaning of "a group of eight of the richest industrial 
countries in the world...", which, in its turn, conceptualizes the OWL 
Class G8Countries, that contains and denotes the set of countries 
{Canada,France,Germany,Italy,Japan,Russia,US,UK}, as instances. 

I would rather agree with this view, since I my interpretation of the 
semiotic triangle, the "Referent" corresponds to a conceptualization or 
ontology of a certain world. 
In fact, I think that if we assume this view, the 
LexicalEntry-Sense-OntologyClass path has more sense. Could you agree with 
this view? 

Best,
Elena.



El 16/04/2013 20:27, Aldo Gangemi escribió:
Hi, John has made a nice summary of semiotics.owl, and some useful 
questions. John, thanks for the analysis :) 
Answers below.

On Apr 16, 2013, at 6:45:53 PM , John McCrae <
jmccrae@cit-ec.uni-bielefeld.de> wrote:

Hi Aldo,

I was trying to synthesize the semiotics.owl ontology you sent around. I 
made some notes here

http://greententacle.techfak.uni-bielefeld.de/~jmccrae/semiotics.owl.html

I had some things I didn't fully understand

Naming of 'reference', looking at the comments it seems to be what is 
(from my experience) called a 'referent' in the semiotics literature. In 
fact, more confusingly some authors seem to use reference for meaning. I 
think this has confused a lot of the OntoLex discussion as in lemon we use 
reference as the term for the meaning in the ontology. (Honestly this is a 
total accident, it was originally chosen to harmonize with LMF's 
'monolingual external reference', used to cite external resources for 
senses).

I opted for "reference" because "referent" typically bears a realistic 
flavor in philosphical debates. Besides that, no problem in using 
"referent", as in the Ogden-Richards version of the triangle.


What is a manifestation, it has no annotations?

Right, I should add it. A Manifestation is the material occurrence of an 
Expression, e.g. Dante's Comedy (Expression) can be manifested in an eBook 
or a paper book. The same term with similar meaning is used in FRBR 
vocabulary.


The model has linguistic (speech?) acts, I was wondering if there were any 
practical examples of how to model a speech act

I'll add it, and yes, it's an event (type). Example: "Talleyrand said "Si 
cela va sans dire, cela ira encore mieux en le disant" during the Vienna 
Congress in 1814."
That is the report of a linguistic act (a declarative speech act that 
reports another, subtler speech act), which can be modeled as follows (in 
Turtle, and using a default namespace ":" for a domain ontology, full 
example at 
http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/example/talleyrandquotation.ttl
):

:lingAct_1 a :Quote .
:Quote rdfs:subClassOf semiotics:LinguisticAct .
:lingAct_1 situation:isSettingFor _:agent . 
_:agent a agentrole:Agent .
_:agent :authorOf "http://dinoutoo.pagesperso-orange.fr/histo/tal1.htm
"^^xsd:anyURI .
:lingAct_1 situation:isSettingFor :lingAct_2 .
:lingAct_2 a :Say .
:Say rdfs:subClassOf semiotics:LinguisticAct .
:lingAct_2 situation:isSettingFor :Talleyrand .
:Talleyrand a agentrole:Agent .
:lingAct_2 situation:isSettingFor _:time .
_:time :inDate "06-10-1814"^^xsd:date .
:lingAct_2 situation:isSettingFor _:sentence .
_:sentence a semiotics:Expression .
_:sentence ontolex:lexicalForm "Si cela va sans dire, cela ira encore 
mieux en le disant"^^xsd:string .
:lingAct_2 situation:isSettingFor _:meaning .
_:meaning a semiotics:Meaning .
:lingAct_2 situation:isSettingFor _:reference .
_:reference a semiotics:Reference .
_:reference :partOf :CongressOfVienna .

if we know more about that quotation, we might add something more about 
_:meaning:

_:meaning semiotics:relatedMeaning :Clarity .
:Clarity a semiotics:Meaning .
_:meaning :modality :needed .
:needed a :Modality .
_:meaning :inContext :InternationalTreaty .
:InternationalTreaty a dbpedia:Event .


Some unreferenced elements: agent, hasComponent... what is their purpose 
exactly?

Those are actually references, but in other - imported - patterns (agent 
role, situation, cpannotationschema)


Regards,
John

Aldo


-- 
Elena Montiel-Ponsoda
Ontology Engineering Group (OEG)
Departamento de Inteligencia Artificial
Facultad de Informática
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