whitespace normalization passed to application?

I read somewhere that normalization settings for element content and
attribute values is NOT passed-on to an application, but only used to help
avoid errors when checking against a data type that does not allow for
whitespace. Yet the XML standard talks about whitespace normalization for
attributes being passed on to an application. When no validation takes
place, or when the type is CDATA, we get one form of normalization, and when
validating and the attribute type is something else we get further
normalization. 

So, if I validate against a schema instead of a DTD, does an application
get:
1) no normalization of attribute values at all
2) default (CDATA type) normalization of all attributes
3) different kinds of normalization, depending upon the data type used



Neil.



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