- From: Christopher Welty <welty@us.ibm.com>
- Date: Sun, 29 Sep 2002 21:04:31 -0400
- To: pat hayes <phayes@ai.uwf.edu>
- Cc: Ian Horrocks <horrocks@cs.man.ac.uk>, www-webont-wg@w3.org, www-webont-wg-request@w3.org
Pat,
OK, I (at least) get it. So if this is the semantics of ranges in rdfs
(is it?), then probably we should not use rdfs ranges for OWL. OWL is
supposed to be based on description logics, which are a decidable fragment
of FOL (not the only one, btw). You can say all you want about the
expressive limitations of DLs, and you can point out an infinite number of
things they can't do. I've thrown them away a bunch of times when I
absolutely needed more. But if you can say what you want to say within
their expressive limits, they you can be assured you're going to get
answers. Take one step over that line and ba-da-bing! - you're gone.
As an ontology designer, I would absolutely love to be unfettered in my
expressive ability. In fact, I usually go ahead and use nth order logic
with modal quantifiers and all manner of cool stuff. I love variadic
predicates, too. But as a system builder, I also want to know what the
most is I can say and still be guaranteed a result.
So, anyway, seems to me this group is already committed to producing a
standard based on a language that is sound, complete, and decidable. So
we will have to lose the wild-west syntax and stick with what the DL guys
know how to implement. All the entailments apparently help speed things
up.
-Chris
Dr. Christopher A. Welty, Knowledge Structures Group
IBM Watson Research Center, 19 Skyline Dr.
Hawthorne, NY 10532 USA
Voice: +1 914.784.7055, IBM T/L: 863.7055
Fax: +1 914.784.6078, Email: welty@us.ibm.com
pat hayes <phayes@ai.uwf.edu>
Sent by: www-webont-wg-request@w3.org
09/27/2002 11:37 PM
To: Ian Horrocks <horrocks@cs.man.ac.uk>
cc: www-webont-wg@w3.org
Subject: Re: Possible semantic bugs concerning domain and range
>Pat,
>
>Now we seem to have a come to a better understanding about the
>correspondence between FOL and OWL, could you re-answer the following
>question.
>
>Thanks,
>
>Ian
>
>>Pat,
>>
>>DAML+OIL, and I hope OWL, can be viewed a fragment of FOL, with atomic
>>classes and properties corresponding to unary and binary predicates
>>respectively. According to this correspondence, subClassOf axioms
>>become implications, e.g., A subClassOf B corresponds to:
>>
>>forall x . A(x) -> B(x)
>>
>>Similarly, a property range axiom P range A corresponds to:
>>
>>forall x,y P(x,y) -> A(y).
>>
>>What could be simpler and clearer than that?
>>
>>The combination of these two sentences entails
>>forall x,y P(x,y) -> B(y).
>>
>>What could be simpler and clearer than that?
> >
> >If you want some alternative semantics, could you please explain in
> >similar terms what it is?
Sure. I agree this is clear and simple, and I think everyone agrees
that something very close to this is what we all want. The issue has
always been only whether those conditions are necessary, or necessary
and sufficient. We all want the following to be true:
Range(P, A) -> (forall x,y P(x,y) -> A(y) )
You want
Range(P,A) <-> (forall x,y P(x,y) -> A(y) )
They are about equally clear and intuitive; but the latter rules out
some possibilities which the former permits. I believe that all the
'intuitive' entailments that people want in fact hold in both these
cases; and that the former is therefore to be preferred.
The potential utility of the former is that it allows ranges to have
properties. Suppose we wanted to say something about ranges (perhaps
ranges from a particular class of ranges), expressed by a predicate
Q: Range(P, x) -> Q(x), say. (It is SUCH a relief to be able to
write logic!) With the second, stronger condition, this would entail
that Q was preserved under implication, ie
(forall x (P(x) -> R(x)) -> (Q(P) -> Q(R))
which is a very strong condition for Q to have to satisfy for no good
reason; in fact, it is so strong that it would make this practically
useless, since hardly any useful properties satisfy this kind of
condition (it is restricted to properties like having more than a
certain number of instances, things like that.)
I hope this helps to make the point clearer.
Pat
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Received on Sunday, 29 September 2002 21:05:51 UTC