- From: Helen Wilson <helen.wilson@onecert.fr>
- Date: Fri, 7 Feb 2003 10:21:24 +0100
- To: www-rdf-interest@w3.org
Hello,
Below is the announcement for the summer school "HUMAN-CENTERED
DESIGN of KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS" that will be organized by
Eurisco in August 2003, that may be of interest to you. Don't
hesitate to contact me for further information.
Helen Wilson
Eurisco International
4, Avenue Edouard Belin
31400 Toulouse, France
Tel: +33 (0)5 62 17 38 38
Fax: +33 (0)5 62 17 38 39
email: wilson@onecert.fr
http://www-eursico.onecert.fr
____________________________________________________________
International Summer School on
HUMAN-CENTERED DESIGN
of
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
August 18-22, 2003, Boussens, France
Organized by
The European Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Engineering
eurisco International
http://www-eurisco.onecert.fr/summerschool/
PURPOSE
The aim of the International Summer School on Human-Centered Design
of Knowledge Management Systems is to enable participants to learn
about work practice and the behavior of people in organizations,
usability and usefulness of knowledge management processes and tools,
socio-cultural issues in virtual worlds, communication, cooperation
and coordination. This will be achieved by teaching the basic
concepts and methods of managing human-centered design projects by
using knowledge management methods and tools through a five-day
international summer school using a mixture of tutorials, lectures,
group exercises and discussions.
BACKGROUND
The theme for this International Summer School is Human-Centered
Design of Knowledge Management Systems (HCDKMS'03). It reflects the
growing and universal influence of Information Technology (IT) on the
development of systems in industry and the use of these systems in a
wide variety of organizations. Among relevant industrial sectors are
aerospace, telecommunications, medicine, nuclear energy, transport,
chemical and food industries.
HCDKMS'03 will develop a system level view of Knowledge Management
(KM) in various types of groups ranging from teams to organizations
to communities of practice. Various viewpoints will be developed
covering safety, security, reliability, comfort, usability,
usefulness, and acceptability of KM tools and organizational setups.
KM is not simply a property of an individual person, but a relation
between a person and task demands set within an organizational
context. Organizational context is dynamic since people's skills and
knowledge are constantly evolving resulting in the emergence of new
practices. The design of increasingly information-intensive systems
requires knowledge about the decision-making process itself.
Experience feedback permits organizations to learn from operational
incidents and accidents. Key issues here include how to understand
experience in terms that can be used to change practices, and how to
design channels for the communication of representations of
operational experience. Taking KM seriously requires understanding,
co-designing, and testing integrated KM systems and organizational
setups concurrently. The design of KM systems thus requires
involvement and knowledge sharing among people with different sorts
of expertise. HCDKMS'03 will provide a wide range of expertise
including human-computer interaction (HCI), computer-supported
cooperative work (CSCW), artificial intelligence (AI),
knowledge-based systems (KBS), sociology and human factors.
HCDKMS'03 will explore the current solutions and on-going work on the
way groups take and should take into account organizational issues of
workplace automation, people and organizational models, and the
effects of incrementally-intrusive virtual environments on work
practices. HCDKMS'03 will leave plenty of time for participants to
explore their own work practice using information technology and
designing automation. Lecturers will provide state-of-the-art
knowledge and know-how on the evolution of technology and the
emergence of work practices.
WHO SHOULD PARTICIPATE
HCDKMS'03 is aimed at people from industry and academia who in their
line of work are involved with or responsible for designing and
implementing knowledge management solutions in their everyday
environments. This includes system designers, system analysts,
technical managers, design team leaders, human factors specialists,
etc. Participants should have some experience with at least one of
the following topics: human factors; engineering and/or design;
information technology; documentation; resource management;
organizational issues; database management and/or use; or project
management.
LECTURERS
HCDKMS'03 will be taught by the following international team of lecturers:
Guy Boy, PhD, President of the European Institute of Cognitive
Sciences and Engineering (EURISCO International), France.
Jonathan Grudin, PhD, Senior Researcher in the Adaptive Systems and
Interaction Group at Microsoft Research and Affiliate Professor in
the University of Washington Information School, USA.
Robert De Hoog, PhD, Professor of Information and Knowledge
Management at the University of Twente and Associate Professor of
Social Science Informatics (SWI) at the University of Amsterdam, The
Netherlands.
Kari Kuutti, PhD, Professor in the Department of Information
Processing Science at the University of Oulu, Finland.
Dan Shapiro, Professor and Head of the Department of Sociology at
Lancaster University, UK.
COURSE CONTENT
Co-Adaptation of People and Technology
- Guy Boy
Socio-technical systems of our post-industrial era embed their own
internal cognitive mechanisms and behavior. New information
technology has induced new practices and human roles. The resulting
co-adaptation of people and technology will be analyzed in the light
of various theories of human cognition. We will analyze various
aspects of human cognition embedded into artifacts. Even if they do
not use the same kinds of tools and practices, all civilizations need
to manage the knowledge that they produce and use. These tools can be
physical or conceptual. For a very long period of time, the Art of
Memory was used to manage knowledge. Knowledge transfer was
essentially based on oral transmission within small groups. Printing
started to extend knowledge transfer to larger groups. Descartes
created a method that revolutionized knowledge management reducing
most problems to mathematical equations that are possible to solve by
definition. The fact that Descartes' method worked successfully in
the material world tremendously influenced the twentieth century
because it was almost totally technology-oriented. It is amazing to
observe that the computer, the ultimate production of Descartes'
method, suddenly rehabilitates the Art of Memory because the
materialistic approach to the world is no longer sufficient. The Web
recreates artificial villages (communities) where people can
communicate almost exactly as their ancestors communicated in their
small villages. We discuss a dual problem in cognitive science that
opposes a classical scientific approach to an experiential one, and
some of its potential impacts on life support systems such as
human/organizational learning and human-centered
design.
Human-Centered Design: Taking Seriously Human Factors in Engineering
Requires New Organizational Setups
- Guy Boy
For the last decade, most organizations developing or using
safety-critical systems needed to implement strategies to improve
human reliability. Human factors teams were developed. Engineers were
trained in human-centered design (HCD). However, without an
appropriate organizational setup, HCD is very difficult to achieve
properly. In this lecture, we will review the concepts of
traceability, experience feedback, articulation work, organizational
memory and change management. These concepts will be used to analyze
information technology that is currently used in large organizations
for knowledge and information exchange. In any organization, human
factors are not only a target for improving the use of products, but
also for development processes themselves and their too often complex
articulations. In particular, engineers produce a large amount of
documents and undocumented knowledge-this will be further analyzed
for the sake of improving engineering processes.
The concept of active documents will be presented together with a
methodology grounded in the cognitive function analysis of
organizational setups and product requirements. In particular, the
concurrent development of artifacts (products) and their
documentation (operational support as well as evaluation and design
rationales) will be presented as a support to participatory design
and traceability. Design support tools will be presented.
Guy Boy
Important Emerging Patterns of Technology Use in Organizations
- Jonathan Grudin
One important change in the use of software in many organizations is
that it has spread vertically as well as horizontally. "Managers
don't type" was once the rule, but increasingly they do use software.
As a result, applications that are widely used in organizations have
at least three different patterns of use: one for individual
contributors, one for managers, and one for executives. Optimal use
within each group is shaped by activity and incentive structures.
Within each group, interaction leads to the adoption of the same
features and conventions. Some choices are dictated by efficiency and
others are arbitrary but better when everyone works the same (it
doesn't matter which side of the road we drive on as long as we all
drive on the same side).
Another consequence of this change is that in the past, managers were
trailing adopters-individual contributors adopted hands-on use of
email, word, and browsers first. Today managers may be early adopters
of some technologies. This has subtle but significant consequences
for design and deployment.
In general, when designing, acquiring, or supporting such an
application, the best approach could be to treat it as three distinct
applications. Failure to do so results in problems and lost
opportunities. The applications discussed include email, shared
calendars, browsers, document databases, application-sharing, desktop
videoconferencing, and team
workspaces.
Streaming Media Studies of MSR Prototype Systems
- Jonathan Grudin
The Microsoft Research Collaborative and Multimedia Systems Group
focused on making audio and video as versatile as print. Areas of
experimentation include low-cost capture of audio and video,
multimedia browsing and skimming, tele-presentation, and
collaborative annotation of multimedia content. In order to
understand the behavioral and social factors that are critical to the
success of such technologies, we have conducted numerous experiments
with prototype systems. These include detailed analysis of ongoing
use of multimedia within our company, experimental use of our
technologies in internal training courses, laboratory studies, and
trials conducted jointly with university partners. I will review this
work, aspects of which have been published in over twenty papers in
conferences on multimedia, human-computer interaction, computer
supported cooperative work, and the world wide web. I will also
describe some work on notification and awareness, technologies that
we see interacting with multimedia in future office and mobile
settings.
Knowledge Management and Learning
- Robert de Hoog
In order to understand the meaning and scope of knowledge management
systems, there is a need for a firm grasp of conceptual underpinnings
of knowledge management proper. This lecture will start with an
interactive session in a game-like format where participants play the
knowledge management role. Based on the experiences from this session
a conceptual frame for knowledge management will be developed that
can act as the basis for human-centered aspects in knowledge
management. These aspects are visible in two distinct models: a
knowledge management model that can be seen as a procedural model of
how to perform knowledge management and a process model of a
knowledge intensive organization.
Both models rely strongly on human actions, perspectives and values.
The process model will show what knowledge processes are important in
an organization, how these knowledge processes can influence key
performance indicators and which interventions can improve knowledge
processes. These interventions are to a large extent non-technical in
the sense that they rarely rely on information systems alone.
Effective interventions are mainly combinations of human,
technological and organizational actions. As both models are
incorporated in a simulation environment for learning knowledge
management not only the structure but also the behavior of the models
will be shown, explored and discussed. Through this discussion the
session will refer back to the experiences from the initial activity.
Finally attention will be paid to learning knowledge management and
the effectiveness of simulation micro-worlds. This will include the
benefits and the dangers of exercising in a simplified simulated
world. Human factors influencing the design and fielding of this kind
of knowledge management learning systems will be presented.
Knowledge Modeling for Knowledge Management
- Robert de Hoog
As knowledge management is supposed to deal with knowledge, sooner or
later it will face in theory as well in practice the question of how
to describe knowledge. Before you can manage something you must have
an idea what this "something" is. This question can be addressed from
an epistemological perspective, but most of the time this will lead
to un-decidable definition problems. A more pragmatic approach is to
focus on modeling/describing a configuration of competences,
information and data that one chooses to call knowledge. These
descriptions/models can be built at different levels of generality,
depending on the goals one wants to achieve. The range is from rather
general knowledge description frames to detailed knowledge models. In
this entire range the role of human factors is crucial, the more
because most of the time knowledge is strongly tied to human agents.
Nevertheless it is possible to "disembody" (parts of) knowledge from
the human agent, as has been shown by several developments in
Artificial Intelligence. For this a more in-depth modeling of
knowledge is needed. This modeling approach will be demonstrated by
using elements from the well known CommonKADS methodology. The
strength of this methodology is that it not only focuses on the
knowledge per se, but also on individual and organizational factors
influencing the deployment of automated knowledge (as happens in
expert or knowledge based systems).
In order to become a bit more acquainted with this methodology
participants will have the opportunity to build a set of models for
an example domain. These models will be presented and reviewed in
order to promote the sharing of modeling experiences and
insights
Community Knowledge and Information Technology
- Kari Kuutti
The notion of "community knowledge" has gained increasing interest
during the last years in areas like community computing, knowledge
management, organizational memory and various sub-domains of
computer-supported cooperative work. What is actually meant by the
term "community knowledge" is often not clear at all. The purpose of
the talk is to give an overview on the variety of ongoing research
and to suggest an orienting framework for the field. The talk will
give some reasons why community knowledge may be becoming popular
just now, present an overview how widely and under how different
headings related issues are discussed (and give some pointers to the
relevant literature), suggest a framework to orient in the field and
explore what might be the useful relation between community knowledge
and information technology. The focus of the talk is not in the
technical systems, but in conceptual, psychological, social, and
organizational issues related in generating, maintaining and sharing
community knowledge.
Knowledge Management, Organizational Innovation and Organizational Inertia
- Kari Kuutti
The lecture discusses the role of knowledge management in
organizational innovation and the problems and obstacles in the
practical implementation of such innovations. It emphasizes the
importance of knowledge tools in situations where a change of
processes, ways of working, is not enough but where the whole object
of the work is changing and a more radical reorientation of the work
is needed. A knowledge tool does not itself automatically bring such
a change, but to be efficient the change must be innovated by the
participants themselves. A suitable knowledge tool may help
participants to grasp better the changing new object of their work,
and thus support efficiently the innovation process. An illustrative
example case is reviewed where a new, locally developed knowledge
management tool enabled an organizational innovation that solved a
severe reorientation problem for one part of an organization. The
attempts to spread the innovation further within the organization
were, however, not so successful and were further actively resisted
and blocked by the parent
organization.
Ethnography, Participation and the Co-Realization of Systems
- Don Shapiro
Although it is still a minority and a specialized approach,
ethnographic contributions to systems design have achieved increasing
credibility. With them, we learn about the communities of practice
through which work is accomplished in ways that are not available
through other methods. Similarly, participatory design retains its
claim to our attention, through emphasizing that immediate users are
the best custodians of their own knowledge practices. Recently, teams
of designers that incorporate ethnographic and participatory
approaches have turned their attention to much more ambitious
systems. In the past, they have focused on making appropriate uses of
readily-available technology in particular settings. Now, they are
attempting to forge large-scale collaborative environments using-and
indeed creating-very advanced technologies. This places different
demands on how such design teams work. All of the contributors,
participatory designers, ethnographers and user-practitioners-need to
embark on a continuing involvement in a journey whose destination is
unclear. This may perhaps be better described as a process of
'co-realization' than as participatory or ethnographically-informed
design. It may also involve new techniques such as 'future workshops'
to cope with the advanced technologies and holistic environments that
are involved. This lecture will explore some current examples of this
process and its
outcomes.
Spatial Computing and the Practice of Real Virtuality
- Dan Shapiro
Ethnographically informed approaches to knowledge and knowledge
management, developed within Sociology and Anthropology, emphasize
the generation and deployment of knowledge as a situated and
collaborative achievement. They are suspicious of approaches to
knowledge that regards it as a 'thing' that can be externalized,
stored, assembled and applied independently of the circumstances and
practices of its use. Hence they are cautious of attempts to
categorize, invoke and manipulate knowledge in terms of its apparent
logical or informational properties. This would seem to make systems
design for knowledge management impossible, since what systems do is
exactly to apply logical and specifiable processes to their objects.
This lecture explores some of our recent attempts to finesse this
problem. We draw inspiration from the ways in which people arrange
and manipulate their working materials in their physical environment,
so that the organization and 'flow' of their materials produces a
context of 'knowledge' for the tasks to hand, both for themselves,
and as a means of communication and collaboration with others. We are
developing systems that use advanced technologies to create
collaborative environments for digital materials and for mixing and
interpenetrating digital and physical materials. The main emphasis is
on how multiple environments of this kind are produced by users as a
trace of their work itself, rather than on the basis of the
properties of the materials. The 'sense-making' is done by users
supported by the environment rather than by the system. These mixed
spatial environments do not simply mirror physical ones, but have
complex properties in use of their
own.
LECTURERS
GUY BOY is President and Director of the European Institute of
Cognitive Sciences and Engineering (EURISCO International). He was a
Principal Investigator and Group Leader (Advanced Interaction Media)
at NASA Ames Research Center for 5 years. He spent 10 years at the
Office National d'Etudes et de Recherches Aérospatiales (French NASA)
as a research scientist and principal investigator. His research is
in Human-Centered Design (HCD) of safety-critical dynamic systems. He
is currently working on the development of methods and techniques
that improve traceability of design decisions and participatory
design. From 1994 to 1996, he was the Scientific Coordinator of the
European Network RoHMI (Robust Human-Machine Interaction) gathering
11 European research laboratories, and sponsored by the CEC DG XII.
Since 1995, he has directed a series of industrial summer schools on
human-centered automation, human-centered design of organizational
memory systems and design for safety. From 1995 to 1999, he served as
Executive Vice Chair of the ACM (Association for Computing Machinery)
SIGCHI Executive Committee. He is currently involved in the
scientific coordination of the WISE IST European project (Web-enabled
Information Services for Engineering).
JONATHAN GRUDIN has been a Senior Researcher at Microsoft Research
since 1998, working in the Collaborative and Multimedia Systems and
the Adaptive Systems and Interaction groups. Prior to that he was
Professor of Information and Computer Science at University of
California, Irvine. He has also taught in Computer Science and
Engineering departments at Aarhus University, Keio University, and
the University of Oslo, and is now Affiliate Professor in the
University of Washington Information School. He previously worked at
the MCC consortium in Austin, Texas, at Wang Laboratories, and at the
UK Medical Research Council Applied Psychology Unit after receiving
his Ph.D. in Cognitive Psychology at UC San Diego, working with
Donald Norman.
He is Editor in Chief of ACM Transactions on Computer-Human
Interaction and on the editorial boards of several other journals and
book series, including Human-Computer Interaction, Computer Supported
Cooperative Work, and Information Systems Research, leading journals
in their areas. He co-wrote and edited the widely used Readings in
Human-Computer Interaction: Toward the New Millenium. Active in both
human-computer interaction and computer supported cooperative work
since these fields emerged, he has published over 100 papers on a
range of topics. For the past ten years, his two primary research
topics have been the adoption and use of technology in organizations,
and the design and use of multimedia systems.
ROBERT DE HOOG is Professor of Information and Knowledge Management
at Twente University, and Associate Professor of Social Science
Informatics at the University of Amsterdam. Since the mid 1980's he
has been involved in many projects in the area of artificial
intelligence, expert systems, knowledge based information retrieval
and knowledge management. His most recent projects are the EU funded
KITS projects which has built a comprehensive knowledge management
learning simulation game and the METIS project which focuses on
knowledge mapping techniques and methods using different ontologies.
He has published more than 100 papers on the topics mentioned above
and is co-author of the book entitled Knowledge Engineering and
Management: the CommonKADS Methodology, published by MIT Press in
2000.
KARI KUUTTI is Professor of Human-Computer Interaction and Group
Technology in at the University of Oulu, Finland and leads the
INTERACT research group. He was previously a Professor of
Human-Computer Interaction and usability at the Helsinki University
of Technology. He has published over 90 papers on HCI,
Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, product concept development, and
organizational learning. Professor Kuutti was the program co-chair of
the NordiCHI02 conference and is general co-chair of theECSCW03
conference. He is on the editorial board of the Journal of Cognitive
Technology, the Journal of Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, and
the forthcoming Journal of Communities and Technologies. He has given
tutorials on community knowledge both in CSCW and ECSCW conferences.
His central research area is computer support of individual and
cooperative sense-making in design processes.
DAN SHAPIRO is Professor of Sociology and currently Head of
Department at Lancaster University in the UK. He is co-author of
several books on social and spatial restructuring and on the use and
design of information systems. He has written and researched widely
on ethnography and work practice, on participatory design, on
computer-supported cooperative work, and on the politics and theory
of interdisciplinary design. His research has been funded by the
European Union under Frameworks 4 and 5, by the UK Economic and
Social Research Council, and the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences
Research Council. His research projects have included information
systems in Air Traffic Control, in the Police Service, in
architecture and in landscape architecture. He is currently working
on a project on spatial computing for the aesthetic design
professions as part of the EU Fututre and Emerging Technologies
'Disappearing Computer' program.
COURSE LOCATION
HCDKMS'03 will take place at the Hotel Le Tolosan, Boussens, France,
located at 30 minutes from Toulouse. The Hotel Le Tolosan, in the
foothills of the Pyrénées, offers a breath-taking setting for all
kinds of open-air activities, including a three hole golf course and
driving range, squash and tennis courts, gym and sauna.
COURSE FEES AND PAYMENT
The fee for Human-Centered Design of Knowledge Management '03 is 2200
Euros. This includes five days of lectures, course material, coffee
breaks, full room and board in single accommodation at the Hotel Le
Tolosan, from dinner on Sunday evening17/08 to Friday 22/08.
Payment may be made by cheque in Euros made out to EURISCO
International or by bank transfer mentioning HCDKMS'03 and your name.
Please inform your bank that transfer fees are to be paid by the
issuer.
Due to the nature of this summer school, the number of participants
will be limited to 50. Participants will be accepted on a first come,
first served basis.
REGISTRATION DEADLINE
Application for registration must be received before May 1st, 2003.
Full course fees must be paid to the HCDKMS'03 Office by June 30th,
2003.
ACCOMPANYING PERSONS
A limited number of accompanying persons can be housed at the course
site. There is no charge for accompanying persons, but additional
expenses (accommodation and food) must be paid directly to the hotel.
Further details can be obtained from the summer school office; early
notification is required.
FURTHER INFORMATION
For further information check the HCDKMS'03 web site at
http://www-eurisco.onecert.fr/News/hcdkms03.htm or contact Helen
Wilson at the summer school office:
HCDKMS'03 OFFICE
European Institute of Cognitive
Sciences and Engineering (EURISCO International)
4 Avenue Edouard Belin
31400 Toulouse, France
Tel: +33 (0)5 62 17 38 38Fax: +33 (0)5 62 17 38 39
E-mail: wilson@onecert.fr - http://www-eurisco.onecert.fr/News/hcdkms03.htm
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Refund policy
Full refunds will be provided upon receipt of written
notification before 31 July 2003.
NO REFUNDS WILL BE MADE AFTER THIS DATE.
--
Received on Friday, 7 February 2003 04:27:36 UTC