- From: Avi Arditti <aardit@voa.gov>
- Date: Fri, 31 Jan 2003 16:51:31 -0500
- To: Maurizio Boscarol <maurizio@usabile.it>
- CC: WCAG List <w3c-wai-gl@w3.org>
Hi Maurizio -- many thanks! I plan to incorporate these and other minor edits and repost 4.1 next week. Your mention of anaphoric expressions reminded me of the first time I heard of them. I had to turn to the person next to me at a controlled-languages workshop to get an explanation. As I recall, she wrote down the example: "Scientists study monkeys. They eat bananas." Avi Maurizio Boscarol wrote: > > Just a terminology point... > > Avi Arditti: > > You meet Checkpoint 4.1 at the Minimum Level if you review the content > > with items such as these in mind: > (..) > > 3) Cohesiveness of paragraphs (paragraphs that are limited to a single > > idea and a reasonable length are generally easier to understand) > > As I precedently wrote, in my first mail I made a mistake: we should say > 'coherence' of paragraphs, not cohesiveness. I explained it better in : > http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/w3c-wai-gl/2003JanMar/0153.html > > So I suggest: > 3) Coherence of paragraphs (the sentences that form a paragraph should > refer to the same topic/argument, without not needed changes; Paragraphs > that refer to a well identified argument are generally esier to > understand than paragraphs that change often their reference). Or , > perhaps better: > (consequential sentences should mantain a common reference; too much > changes of topic/reference of references between adjacent sentences make > the text more difficult to understand). > > Sorry, I just think it's important to use 'coherence', according with > theories and research results in text-comprehension field. > In the same way, below: > > > You meet Checkpoint 4.1 at Level 2 if you review the content with > items > > such as these in mind: > ... > > 3) Coherence of pronouns > > It may be tricky to use coherence here, if we use it above. Should be > 'cohesion (or cohesiveness) of text'. And it isn't only a pronoun > question. It involves: > > - coherence (clearity of reference) of pronouns; > - coherence (clearity of reference) of anaphoric expressions (*); > - the correct use of conjunction forms and adverbs (i.e. furthermore, > and, but, not only, etc..) to explicitate the right relationship between > phrases or part of the discourse. > > Thank you for your attention and thanks to Avi for his precious work: do > you think > it's useful I try to make some example in english? > > Maurizio Boscarol > http://www.usabile.it > > (*) with 'anaphoric expression' (hope it's correct in english, roots in > ancient greek..) I mean expressions that refers to something already > said in the text, but with potentially ambiguos form. > i.e.: ' ... what we said above..' (and above we said a lot... what, > exactly?); > '... all this suggest that...' (All this or just the last part of our > text?...) > And so on. > > This anaphoric expressions should be used in our texts (we can't repeat > a whole concept anytime > we refer to it), but should be used with the attention needed to make > the lexical reference non-ambiguos. This 'disambiguation' can be > accomplished > just with lexical care, so we refer to 'cohesion', and not coherence, > that need to manipulate or change the actual content.
Received on Friday, 31 January 2003 16:52:09 UTC