- From: Wendy A Chisholm <wendy@w3.org>
- Date: Fri, 18 Jan 2002 16:35:23 -0500
- To: Lisa Seeman <seeman@netvision.net.il>, w3c-wai-gl@w3.org, jomiller@bendingline.com
Lisa, The National Cancer Institute has created a set of design guidelines based on research. Each guideline lists the research that it is based on. One guideline that is related to checkpoint 3.3 is: Write sentences with 20 or fewer words and paragraphs with fewer than five sentences. Use lists to break up long sentences. These statements are easily testable. They provide a good example. http://usability.gov/guidelines/content.html#two Your statement is not as easily testable as what they have suggested. > Use short sentences . Short sentences success criteria proposal: sentences >contain no more > than one relative clause at least for instructions. just fyi, --wendy p.s. Jo, did you have anything to do with this site? At 11:43 AM 1/18/02, you wrote: >OK - Checkpoint 3.3 Write as clearly and simply as is appropriate for the >content. > > I have split up previous work into four categories. >-Brake up the text, >-chouse the right words >-highlight >-provide support. > >I think that the below are testable, even though you can probably fulfill >all the test and provide an unintelligible page (if you put your mind to >it). That is probably true to some extent in lots of Checkpoints. > > > > >> > >1 BRAKE UP > Use a two-step "select and confirm" to reduce accidental selections, > especially for critical functions. > > Structure tasks, cue sequences, and provide step-by-step instructions. > > > >One idea per paragraph: Test: replace each paragraph with a one idea > sentence. (the first sentence, or a rewrite of that) Does the document >make > sense still? > > > first sentence must match the (single) idea expressed in a paragraph. >(success as above) > > > Use short sentences . Short sentences success criteria proposal: sentences >contain no more > than one relative clause at least for instructions. > > > Instructions should be step by step, and include visual references. Success >Criteria: could you represent the instruction as a drawing - flow chart dry >run. > > It should be possible to choose the detailed or the shortened >instructions > > Use markup to identify flow of instructions > > > > >provide flow of ideas in a summary, diagram or page map >Success Criteria: It is possible to map the document to pieces that >are in the summary (exec summary, or heading outline, or ...) > > > >Automate complex sequences like system backup, application launch, and user > registration. > > >Avoid functions that require simultaneous actions to activate or operate. > >Use goal/action structure for menu prompts. > > > > >2 choose WORDS > >2.1 metaphorical language >avoiding metaphorical language which may be understood literally by people > with autism. If you do use metaphor or irony or another style which may be > misunderstood, consider adding an explanatory note > >success criterion: non-literal text is identified and a literal > translation is identified >test by translating to another language and re- translate. does it make >sense? > technique for 3: Use of Ruby. > > <p> The Prime minister is wanting to > <ruby> > <rb>have his cake and eat it too</rb> <!-- the metaphorical >expression --> > <rt class="http://wordnet.org/literally">get the benefit of seeming > inflexible now, but be able to change > his mind again later</rt> > <!-- the rt element can be rendered alongside, or instead of, the rb > content, according to the styling --> > </ruby> in this instance.</p> > >2.2 meaningful words >Use highly descriptive words as hypertext anchors. Avoid the "click here" s > syndrome. > >Headings should be unique, and meaningful on their own ( related to the >requirement that links should make sense >on their own) > > Jargon that is expected should be linked to a glossary / explanation > > Use the jargon. This has to be linked to (depends on) 5: and should be > linked to 4: > > I would add that I do not think it ok to restrict translations of jargon >and > annotations of abbreviations to the fist occurrence. I can not remember > annotations that I have used since high school, and am still dependent on > the spell checker for ect/etc ....(etc....) > > Linking to a glossary is not as cool as providing the information in a > ruby so it can be shown/hidden fast. > >( Technique: Use Ruby Technique: Use a rel="glossary" link.) > > It should be possible to identify a graphic representation of an > instruction. i.e. you can draw the picture. > > CMN thinks that 10: is also useful for being able to translate to sign >language. > > > Use active rather than passive expressions - this doesn't have massive > support. > > > >2.3 Easily understood words >Use short words in common vocabulary. > Success criterion: Substituting common words for uncommon words >(without > significantly expanding the size) does not change the meaning. Note that > this requires a dictionary that marks the "difficulty" of a word. > > > Provide concrete rather than abstract indicators. Use absolute reference > controls rather than relative ones. > >Grammar-based success criteria are language dependent > >3 HIGHLIGHT > >Highlight key information Success criterion: when the highlighted text >stands alone does it summarize the key ideas. > >provide easily scanable layout such as bullets for multiple points. Success >criterion: can comas be replaced by bullet points? can paragraph marks be >replaces by bullet points? > >use goal/action structure for menu prompts, > > >4 AND provide support and help > >Support "wizards" which offer help, simplify configuration, and assist with > sequences. > > Provide defaults and make it easy to re-establish them. > > Provide calculation assistance, or reduce the need to calculate.Success > criteria > > Provide definite feedback cues: visual, audio, and/or tactile > > provide a mode with minimum functionality. - Eliminate or hide what isn't > essential. > > >Use prompts for procedures and support decision making. > > Provide for consistent formatting that doesn't put people off. > >pictorial representation should be provided of each instruction, (if >you > can not do it in one picture, it is time to split up the instructions) > > diagrammatic representation should be provided for relationships and >flow > of ideas. > Supply a page map/ structural diagrams of the flow of concepts through a > document. > > for long documents the subject could be shown at the center, with the > various ideas >radiating outwards. Branches and sub-branches indicate the hierarchical > relationships between ideas, and visual cues are used to associate ideas >with easily recalled symbols > > > success criteria: can you map all the ideas in the document to the page >map? -- wendy a chisholm world wide web consortium web accessibility initiative seattle, wa usa /--
Received on Friday, 18 January 2002 16:33:00 UTC