Re: Reasoning with ontologies and knowledge graphs?

Hello again,

I do want to add that the inferencing over the SKOS concepts in various 
datasets
is actually quite good in many, many cases and we just it quite 
frequently - not just for the oddities I listed below.

Margaret



On 12/12/21 2:46 PM, Margaret Warren wrote:
>
> Hello,
>
> We are using inferencing over SKOS and wikidata subclasses within 
> searches for image data in ImageSnippets.
>
> We build inference graphs when we save the triples used to describe 
> images.
>
> We also have a search paths function that outlines the hops taken 
> across the datasets (DBpedia - SKOS broader/SameAs with 
> Wikidata/subclasses as well as Art and Architecture thesaurus).
>
> I don't know if this is what you are really asking for here, but if 
> anything listed here, perhaps describes an informal approach that 
> mimics human reasoning.
>
> Our search paths function is also quite revealing about oddities that 
> come up in places like the subclasses used in Wikidata for example - 
> when you can do things like get a result of an image of a Bay in New 
> Zealand for a search for a term like: 'communication medium'
>
> The hops returned are as follows:
>
> http://dbpedia.org/resource/New_Zealand (sameAs)
> Wikidata: New Zealand http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q664 a 
> Commonwealth realm http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q202686
> subclass of kingdom http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q417175 subclass of 
> monarchy http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7269
> subclass of monarchic system http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22676587 
> subclass of form of government http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1307214
> subclass of administrative type 
> http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2752458 subclass of classification 
> system http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5962346
> subclass of knowledge organization system 
> http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q6423319 subclass of communication 
> medium http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q340169
>
> Another interesting result was finding images of native americans 
> returned for a search on 'insects' --- (because both enties are 
> related to 'tribes'. )
>
> Best,
>
> Margaret Warren
>
>
>
>
>
>
> On 12/12/21 9:11 AM, Melvin Carvalho wrote:
>>
>>
>> On Sat, 11 Dec 2021 at 12:00, Dave Raggett <dsr@w3.org> wrote:
>>
>>     I am a member of the AIOTI WG Standardisation activity on
>>     semantic interoperability [1]. We are interested in getting a
>>     better feeling for what kinds of automated reasoning people are
>>     realising, or seeking to realise, with ontologies and knowledge
>>     graphs, along with the associated use cases.
>>
>>     In principle, there are many opportunities for a wide variety of
>>     different forms of reasoning, including logical deduction and
>>     ontological entailment, induction, abduction, spatial and
>>     temporal reasoning, causal reasoning, plausible reasoning,
>>     qualitative reasoning, fuzzy reasoning, analogical reasoning and
>>     so forth. This spans approaches based on formal semantics,
>>     approaches based on probability theory, as well as informal
>>     approaches that mimic human reasoning.
>>
>>     We welcome suggestions for designing a survey on automated reasoning.
>>
>>
>> Thanks for posing this question,  It's something I've asked myself a 
>> few times
>>
>> I've been using the semantic web for about 15 years for practical 
>> projects, quite a lot for personal use
>>
>> From my experience, it's rare that I have seen inferencing is used 
>> either by myself, or in projects I've come across, however here was 
>> one tweet that I collected:
>>
>> https://twitter.com/bobdc/status/1318164165584891905
>>
>> It uses a python script to transform data, and give back certain 
>> inferences
>>
>> We used smushing a bit and (Inverse) Functional Properties in the 
>> tabulator project w/ rdflib.js, but not all that much
>>
>> I've seen domain and range discussed a few times, including in the 
>> fediverse.  Perhaps this could used in conjunction with validations 
>> or shapes.
>>
>> I think today the de facto use of the semantic web is schema.org 
>> <http://schema.org> and iirc https://schema.org/Person for example, I 
>> think no longer gives back machine readable data, only html (I could 
>> be wrong)
>>
>> So that leads me to think the value of the semantic web, is in the 
>> namespacing rather than inferencing, or even shared schemas
>>
>> A comment I heard on this recently: "make RDFS so light it's useless, 
>> and OWL so complicated nobody uses it - always needed something in 
>> the middle, that was clear from the get go", slightly 
>> tongue-in-cheek, but that did resonate with me
>>
>> I think inferencing would benefit from a rethink, if it is to gain 
>> more traction
>>
>> Very interested in practical experiences of others wrt inferencing, 
>> particularly anything that has gained public traction
>>
>> Personally, Id like to see a future of inferencing to look a bit more 
>> like the python script above, and able to do data transformations 
>> from one form to another.  I think that could have lots of practical 
>> applications
>>
>>
>>     [1] https://aioti.eu/wg_standardisation/
>>
>>     Many thanks,
>>
>>     Dave Raggett <dsr@w3.org> http://www.w3.org/People/Raggett
>>     W3C Data Activity Lead & W3C champion for the Web of things
>>
>>
>>
>>