- From: Bob Ferris <zazi@elbklang.net>
- Date: Fri, 06 Aug 2010 17:04:07 +0200
- To: Semantic Web <semantic-web@w3.org>
- CC: music-ontology-specification-group@googlegroups.com
Hi everbody, today someone shows me the way how I can apply Named Graphs (N3-formulae?) to the annotation dilemma problem ;) The Named Graph should replace the associations, which are made in an association statement, e.g. predefinition: ex:FunkyPlaylist a pbo:Playlist ; sim:association ex:ZazisAssociation ; sim:association ex:BobsAssociationInUse ; ... . original association statement: ex:ZazisAssociation rdf:type sim:Association ; dc:creator <http://foaf.me/zazi#me> ; ao:genre "Funk"^^xsd:string ; ao:mood "party"^^xsd:string ; ao:occasion "my birthday party 2008"^^xsd:string . to association statement with a Named Graph: ex:ZazisAssociation rdf:type sim:Association ; dc:creator <http://foaf.me/zazi#me> ; ao:associates { ex:FunkyPlaylist ao:genre "Funk"^^xsd:string ; ao:mood "party"^^xsd:string ; ao:occasion "my birthday party 2008"^^xsd:string . } . For the simple association statement use case this would probably work fine. However, I'm a bit unsure, whether I can really reuse ex:FunkyPlaylist in the Named Graph, but that's what I'm intending to do ;) It is now a bit more difficult, if I like to apply Named Graphs to reusable association statements, .e.g. original reusable association statement: ex:BobsAssociation rdf:type sim:Association ; dc:creator <http://foaf.me/zazi#me> ; ao:genre ex:Funk ; ao:mood "happy"^^xsd:string ; ao:occasion "good feeling music"^^xsd:string . ex:BobsAssociationInUse rdf:type ao:LikeableAssociation ; ao:included_association ex:BobsAssociation ; ao:likeminded <http://moustaki.org/foaf.rdf#moustaki> . to reusable association statement a Named Graph: ex:BobsAssociation rdf:type sim:Association ; dc:creator <http://foaf.me/zazi#me> ; ao:associates { ex:AssociationSubject ao:genre ex:Funk ; ao:mood "happy"^^xsd:string ; ao:occasion "good feeling music"^^xsd:string . } . ex:BobsAssociationInUse rdf:type ao:LikeableAssociation ; ex:AssociationSubject ao:substitution ex:FunkyPlaylist ; ao:included_association ex:BobsAssociation ; ao:likeminded <http://moustaki.org/foaf.rdf#moustaki> . ex:Funk rdf:type mo:Genre . I introduced therefore another property, ao:substitution, which should substitute an existing class instance by another class instance to enable statements, which are independent from a specific class instance. I think such a substitution mechanism should be part of a knowledge representation model, or? I guess it should rather an inbuilt mechanism of the representation format itself. What do you think about my approach? Does this makes sense and/or is it somehow possible to model these use cases? You can also find the original example here[1,2] and the example with Named Graphs there[2]. The extended Association Ontology is here[4,5] and the original one there[6]. Cheers, Bob [1] http://smiy.svn.sourceforge.net/viewvc/smiy/associationonto/branches/associationonto_w_graphs/examples/N3/playlist_annotation_-_example.n3 [2] http://smiy.svn.sourceforge.net/viewvc/smiy/associationonto/branches/associationonto_w_graphs/examples/RDF/playlist_annotation-_example.rdf [3] http://smiy.svn.sourceforge.net/viewvc/smiy/associationonto/branches/associationonto_w_graphs/examples/N3/playlist_annotation_-_example_-_with_graphs.n3 [4] http://smiy.svn.sourceforge.net/viewvc/smiy/associationonto/branches/associationonto_w_graphs/rdf/associationontology.n3 [5] http://smiy.svn.sourceforge.net/viewvc/smiy/associationonto/branches/associationonto_w_graphs/rdf/associationontology.n3 [6] http://purl.org/ontology/ao/associationontology.html Am 04.08.2010 12:38, schrieb Bob Ferris: > Hi, > > I posted this e-mail originally on the Music Ontology mailing list. > However, I though this topic might also be of interest on the semantic > web mailing list. > > At the beginning some background information: I co-designed the > Association Ontology[12] over the last few weeks with the aim to be able > to model > > - association statements, which can be liked, commented etc. from other > people > - specific categories to semantically enrich these association > statements, e.g. mood, genre, occasion > > Because, I came up with the conclusion (before starting the design of > the Association Ontology) that there don't exist an appropriate > ontology, which includes this already. > However, I had the feeling (afterwards) that I should give the existing > annotation ontologies also a try to model my use cases ;) > So here we go with my results and conclusion: > > ======================================================================== > > I'd like to present association/modelling > examples with another annotation ontology. Last night, I had the time > to have a deeper look into the OAC Vocabulary from the Open Annotation > Collaboration[1] and I thought that this ontology also reflects my > aims re. annotation/association modelling. Unfortunately, the site > (the server[2]), where they described this vocabulary, was down today. > However, they wrote that their ontology is based on the Annotea > Annotation Schema with has its roots back in the year 2000. Hence, I > thought, it might be good to try this one. This schema includes a > general annotation concept for reification of the "annotates" > property, which can also be founded in several other annotation > ontologies and which is also realized by the Similarity Ontology. > Since the Annotea Annotation Schema was created in the early days of > RDF, I thought it might be good to shift this ontology and its related > Annotea Annotation Types namespace to the OWL world[5,6,7,8] (also for > testing and extension purpose). > However, when I came up to the example modelling (I took the annotated > music playlist example[9]), I noticed that there are still many > semantic relations not available. I observed that it is often the > problem in the different annotation ontologies that the developers > like to model a general applicable annotation model and thereby they > are to focused on their domain and probably lost the overview that the > annotation concept would be reutilized as extension or component in > other applications (to annotate concepts of other ontologies). > For example the Annotea Association Schema has a property called > anno:related, which should be used to related a comment, question or > whatever (the content of the annotation) to the anno:Annotation > instance (therefore I added anno:Annotation also as domain of this > property). This property was declared as to be subpropertied. That > means, every semantically richer property should a sub property of > this property and hence, also with the domain of anno:Annotation. > However, if I have a property, which is initially intended to be > directly related to something, e.g. mo:genre, and I simply want to > reuse it also in the annotation context, I can't really do this > without the application of Named Graphs, or? That was the reason, why > I kept the domain of my dcterms:subject sub properties open in the > Association Ontology. > Another example is from the OAC Vocabulary. They renamed the > properties from the Annotea Annotation Schema a bit there > (anno:hasAnnotation to oac:hasTarget and anno:body to oac:hasBody). > Furthermore, they added ranges to these annotation relation properties > (oac:Target and oac:Body). That means every thing that is used to > establish a oac:Annotation must be a oac.Target or oac:Body. Okay, I > can add this to the type description of my instances. However, this > would blew up the whole graph a bit, or? I want to reutilize existing > concepts directly for annotation statements. > Finally, I end up with copying more or less my whole association > ontology to the Annotea namespace for testing purpose and modeled then > my example[10], which now not really differs from the other example. I > more or less also end up with the conclusion that a Named Graph > (Nested Graph or whatever) based annotation/association statement > modelling approach might be the best one, because I hopefully can > reutilize, existing, semantically rich properties, without extending > their domain (to an annotation concept) and I don't have to attach > extra types to my instances to make them in an annotation/association > statement usable. In the NEPOMUK Annotation Ontology[11], they > demonstrated more or less how one can do this. However, they also used > some concepts, which are restricted to their application domain, and > they don't really aligned their ontology to DC, Review Ontology, Tag > Ontology etc. > I'm now really confused, which way I should go for solving the > annotation/association "problem". > > ========================================================================= > > So my final question is: Am I getting something wrong or it currently a > "problem" to model semantically rich annotation/association statements? > As far as I get through the results[13] of the Annotations Ontology > Working Group from VoCamp 2010 they came up with more or less the same > conclusion (use Named Graphs). > > Cheers, > > Bob > > [1] http://www.openannotation.org/ > [2] http://annotation.lanl.gov/ > [3] http://www.w3.org/2000/10/annotation-ns# > [4] http://www.w3.org/2001/Annotea/ > [5] > http://smiy.svn.sourceforge.net/viewvc/smiy/annotea/trunk/rdf/annotea.n3 > [6] > http://smiy.svn.sourceforge.net/viewvc/smiy/annotea/trunk/rdf/annotea.owl > [7] > http://smiy.svn.sourceforge.net/viewvc/smiy/annotea/trunk/rdf/annoteaannotationtypes.n3 > > [8] > http://smiy.svn.sourceforge.net/viewvc/smiy/annotea/trunk/rdf/annoteaannotationtypes.owl > > [9] http://smiy.sourceforge.net/pbo/examples/N3/playlist_-_example.n3 > [10] > http://smiy.svn.sourceforge.net/viewvc/smiy/annotea/trunk/examples/N3/anno_-_annotation_-_example.n3 > > [11] http://www.semanticdesktop.org/ontologies/nao/ > [12] http://purl.org/ontology/ao/associationontology.html > [13] http://vocamp.org/wiki/HypiosVoCampParisMay2010#Annotations_Ontology > -- --------------------BEGIN-OF-SIGNATURE-------------------- Bob Ferris website: http://elbklang.net e-mail: zazi@elbklang.net --------------------END-OF-SIGNATURE----------------------
Received on Friday, 6 August 2010 15:04:42 UTC