Re: Question about rdf:first and validation error in enumerated datatype range

Hi Andrea,

Yes, the object of any rdf:first statement must be an rdfs:Resource.

There's a widespread assumption that only URIs and blank nodes are
resources, but according to RDF Semantics, that's not true. All literals
are members of the class rdfs:Resource.

The example and your ontology are correct, and the validator is wrong.

Richard


On Thu, 2005-08-04 at 04:00 +0200, Andrea Splendiani wrote:
> 
> 
> ______________________________________________________________________
> 
> Hi all,
> 
> I have problems with a piece of an ontology where the validator
> complains about the object of the rdf:first property not being a
> resource. However it seems this is possible:
> 
> From the enumerated data type example in the official documentation I
> get:
> 
> 
> <owl:DatatypeProperty rdf:ID="tennisGameScore">
>   <rdfs:range>
>     <owl:DataRange>
>       <owl:oneOf>
>         <rdf:List>
>            <rdf:first rdf:datatype="&xsd;integer">0</rdf:first>
>            <rdf:rest>
>              <rdf:List>
>                <rdf:first rdf:datatype="&xsd;integer">15</rdf:first>
>                <rdf:rest>
>                  <rdf:List>
>                    <rdf:first
> rdf:datatype="&xsd;integer">30</rdf:first>
>                    <rdf:rest>
>                      <rdf:List>
>                        <rdf:first
> rdf:datatype="&xsd;integer">40</rdf:first>
>                        <rdf:rest rdf:resource="&rdf;nil" />
>                      </rdf:List>
>                    </rdf:rest>
>                  </rdf:List>
>               </rdf:rest>
>             </rdf:List>
>           </rdf:rest>
>         </rdf:List>
>       </owl:oneOf>
>     </owl:DataRange>
>   </rdfs:range>
> </owl:DatatypeProperty>
> 
> My ontology its similar (Protégé ouputi for the Range/Allowed values
> Datatype restriction:
> 
> <rdfs:range rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double"/>
>   </owl:DatatypeProperty>
>   <owl:DatatypeProperty rdf:about="#CONTROL-TYPE">
>     <rdfs:range>
>       <owl:DataRange>
>         <owl:oneOf rdf:parseType="Resource">
>           <rdf:first
> rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string"
>           >INHIBITION</rdf:first>
>           <rdf:rest rdf:parseType="Resource">
>             <rdf:rest rdf:parseType="Resource">
>               <rdf:first
> rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string"
>               >INHIBITION-ALLOSTERIC</rdf:first>
>               <rdf:rest rdf:parseType="Resource">
>                 <rdf:first
> rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string"
>                 >INHIBITION-COMPETITIVE</rdf:first>
>                 <rdf:rest rdf:parseType="Resource">
>                   <rdf:rest rdf:parseType="Resource">
>                     <rdf:rest rdf:parseType="Resource">
>                       <rdf:first
> rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string"
>                       >INHIBITION-OTHER</rdf:first>
>                       <rdf:rest rdf:parseType="Resource">
>                         <rdf:rest rdf:parseType="Resource">
>                           <rdf:rest rdf:parseType="Resource">
>                             <rdf:rest rdf:parseType="Resource">
>                               <rdf:rest rdf:parseType="Resource">
>                                 <rdf:first
> rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string"
>                                 >ACTIVATION-ALLOSTERIC</rdf:first>
>                                 <rdf:rest
> rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil"/>
>                               </rdf:rest>
>                               <rdf:first
> rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string"
>                               >ACTIVATION-NONALLOSTERIC</rdf:first>
>                             </rdf:rest>
>                        <rdf:first
> rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string"
>                             >ACTIVATION-UNKMECH</rdf:first>
>                           </rdf:rest>
>                           <rdf:first
> rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string"
>                           >INHIBITION-UNKMECH</rdf:first>
>                         </rdf:rest>
>                         <rdf:first
> rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string"
>                         >INHIBITION-UNCOMPETITIVE</rdf:first>
>                       </rdf:rest>
>                     </rdf:rest>
>                     <rdf:first
> rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string"
>                     >INHIBITION-NONCOMPETITIVE</rdf:first>
>                   </rdf:rest>
>                   <rdf:first
> rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string"
>                   >INHIBITION-IRREVERSIBLE</rdf:first>
>                 </rdf:rest>
>               </rdf:rest>
>             </rdf:rest>
>             <rdf:first
> rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string"
>             >ACTIVATION</rdf:first>
>           </rdf:rest>
>         </owl:oneOf>
>       </owl:DataRange>
>     </rdfs:range>
> 
> Finally, when I run the validator (vowlidator) I get the following
> errors (warnings) :
> 
> 
> [3] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that
> object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource.
> At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7fa3, http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-
> ns#first, "ACTIVATION-
> UNKMECH":http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string] line 1113
> 
> 
> 
> [4] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that
> object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource.
> At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7fa4, http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-
> ns#first, "ACTIVATION-
> NONALLOSTERIC":http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string] line 1110
> 
> 
> 
> [5] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that
> object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class.  (Object
> is declared type  [http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#DataRange])
> At [http://www.biopax.org/release/biopax-level1.owl#SPONTANEOUS,
> http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#range, 65a43b:105328707b3:-7fb6]
> line 952
> 
> 
> 
> [6] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that
> object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource.
> At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7fa9, http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-
> ns#first, "INHIBITION":http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string] line
> 1087
> 
> 
> 
> [7] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that
> object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class.  (Object
> is declared type  [http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#DataRange])
> At [http://www.biopax.org/release/biopax-level1.owl#STRUCTURE-FORMAT,
> http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#range, 65a43b:105328707b3:-7fb3]
> line 981
> 
> 
> 
> [8] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that
> object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource.
> At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7fb5, http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-
> ns#first, "R-L":http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string] line 946
> 
> 
> 
> [9] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that
> object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource.
> At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7fb1, http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-
> ns#first, "SMILES":http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string] line 977
> 
> 
> 
> [10] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that
> object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource.
> At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7f9f, http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-
> ns#first, "INHIBITION-
> IRREVERSIBLE":http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string] line 1126
> 
> 
> 
> [11] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that
> object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource.
> At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7fad, http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-
> ns#first, "IRREVERSIBLE-LEFT-TO-
> RIGHT":http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string] line 1043
> 
> 
> 
> [12] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that
> object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource.
> At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7fa2, http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-
> ns#first, "INHIBITION-
> UNKMECH":http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string] line 1116
> 
> 
> 
> [13] WARNING - Domain Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that
> subject is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class.
> (Subject is declared type [http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#DataRange])
> At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7fb0, http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#oneOf,
> 65a43b:105328707b3:-7fab] line 1051
> 
> 
> 
> [14] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that
> object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource.
> At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7fa5, http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-
> ns#first, "ACTIVATION-
> ALLOSTERIC":http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string] line 1106
> 
> 
> 
> [15] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that
> object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource.
> At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7fac, http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-
> ns#first, "PHYSIOL-RIGHT-TO-
> LEFT":http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string] line 1046
> 
> 
> 
> [16] WARNING - Domain Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that
> subject is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class.
> (Subject is declared type [http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#DataRange])
> At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7faa, http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#oneOf,
> 65a43b:105328707b3:-7fa9] line 1133
> 
> 
> 
> [17] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that
> object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource.
> At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7fa7, http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-
> ns#first, "INHIBITION-
> COMPETITIVE":http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string] line 1094
> 
> 
> 
> [18] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that
> object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class.  (Object
> is declared type  [http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#DataRange])
> At [http://www.biopax.org/release/biopax-level1.owl#DIRECTION,
> http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#range, 65a43b:105328707b3:-7fb0]
> line 1053
> 
> 
> 
> [19] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that
> object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class.  (Object
> is declared type  [http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#DataRange])
> At [http://www.biopax.org/release/biopax-level1.owl#CONTROL-TYPE,
> http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#range, 65a43b:105328707b3:-7faa]
> line 1135
> 
> 
> 
> [20] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that
> object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource.
> At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7fa8, http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-
> ns#first, "INHIBITION-
> ALLOSTERIC":http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string] line 1091
> 
> 
> 
> [21] WARNING - Domain Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that
> subject is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class.
> (Subject is declared type [http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#DataRange])
> At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7fb6, http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#oneOf,
> 65a43b:105328707b3:-7fb4] line 950
> 
> 
> 
> [22] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that
> object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource.
> At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7faf, http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-
> ns#first, "PHYSIOL-LEFT-TO-
> RIGHT":http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string] line 1034
> 
> 
> 
> [23] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that
> object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource.
> At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7f9e, http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-
> ns#first, "ACTIVATION":http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string] line
> 1131
> 
> 
> 
> [24] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that
> object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource.
> At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7fb2, http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-
> ns#first, "CML":http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string] line 973
> 
> 
> 
> [25] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that
> object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource.
> At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7fa0, http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-
> ns#first, "INHIBITION-
> NONCOMPETITIVE":http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string] line 1123
> 
> 
> 
> [26] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that
> object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource.
> At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7fab, http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-
> ns#first, "REVERSIBLE":http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string] line
> 1050
> 
> 
> 
> [27] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that
> object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource.
> At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7fa1, http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-
> ns#first, "INHIBITION-
> UNCOMPETITIVE":http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string] line 1119
> 
> 
> 
> [28] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that
> object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource.
> At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7fae, http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-
> ns#first, "IRREVERSIBLE-RIGHT-TO-
> LEFT":http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string] line 1040
> 
> 
> 
> [29] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that
> object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource.
> At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7fa6, http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-
> ns#first, "INHIBITION-OTHER":http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string]
> line 1099
> 
> 
> 
> [30] WARNING - Domain Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that
> subject is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class.
> (Subject is declared type [http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#DataRange])
> At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7fb3, http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#oneOf,
> 65a43b:105328707b3:-7fb2] line 979
> 
> 
> 
> [31] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that
> object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource.
> At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7fb4, http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-
> ns#first, "L-R":http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string] line 949
> 
> 
> It seems to me mostly a validator's problem.
> Any hints ?
> 
> best,
> Andrea Splendiani
> 
> 

Received on Thursday, 4 August 2005 09:06:51 UTC