RE: ISSUE 14: temporal reasoning and relations

Kerry, all,
The Library of Congress has proposed the EDTF (Extended Date/Time Format) as an extension to ISO 8601 [1]. Their proposal is also of relevance for “fuzzy” dates.
[1] http://www.loc.gov/standards/datetime/pre-submission.html

Best,
Lars
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From: Little, Chris [mailto:chris.little@metoffice.gov.uk]
Sent: Tuesday, August 11, 2015 7:35 PM
To: Kerry.Taylor@acm.org
Cc: karlg@stanford.edu; frans.knibbe@geodan.nl; public-sdw-wg@w3.org; Svensson, Lars; Simon.Cox@csiro.au
Subject: RE: ISSUE 14: temporal reasoning and relations

Kerry,
Happy to present one or two slides highlighting the OGC Temporal DWG thinking/guidance on ‘temporal regimes’, but still work in progress.
Chris
From: Simon.Cox@csiro.au<mailto:Simon.Cox@csiro.au> [mailto:Simon.Cox@csiro.au]
Sent: Tuesday, August 11, 2015 1:21 PM
To: Kerry.Taylor@acm.org<mailto:Kerry.Taylor@acm.org>
Cc: karlg@stanford.edu<mailto:karlg@stanford.edu>; frans.knibbe@geodan.nl<mailto:frans.knibbe@geodan.nl>; public-sdw-wg@w3.org<mailto:public-sdw-wg@w3.org>; L.Svensson@dnb.de<mailto:L.Svensson@dnb.de>
Subject: RE: ISSUE 14: temporal reasoning and relations

Kerry –
Am more than happy to re-present the talk I gave (remotely) in Barcelona, if you think it would help. Its only 5 slides, including the title, so wouldn’t take up much time.

If it were helpful, I guess I could extend it a little to introduce the comparison predicates (inside, before, during, equals, finishes, meets, overlaps, starts) which are clearly of interest in this discussion but were not the subject of my paper.
Simon
From: Kerry Taylor [mailto:Kerry.Taylor@acm.org]
Sent: Monday, 10 August 2015 10:38 PM
To: Cox, Simon (L&W, Highett) <Simon.Cox@csiro.au<mailto:Simon.Cox@csiro.au>>
Cc: <karlg@stanford.edu<mailto:karlg@stanford.edu>> <karlg@stanford.edu<mailto:karlg@stanford.edu>>; <Kerry.Taylor@acm.org<mailto:Kerry.Taylor@acm.org>> <Kerry.Taylor@acm.org<mailto:Kerry.Taylor@acm.org>>; <frans.knibbe@geodan.nl<mailto:frans.knibbe@geodan.nl>> <frans.knibbe@geodan.nl<mailto:frans.knibbe@geodan.nl>>; <public-sdw-wg@w3.org<mailto:public-sdw-wg@w3.org>> <public-sdw-wg@w3.org<mailto:public-sdw-wg@w3.org>>; <L.Svensson@dnb.de<mailto:L.Svensson@dnb.de>> <L.Svensson@dnb.de<mailto:L.Svensson@dnb.de>>
Subject: Re: ISSUE 14: temporal reasoning and relations

I am going to put ISSUE-14 on the agenda for this week. I agree that it is well within our scope to change OWL-Time as we see fit, although because  it has a large user base we should aim for backwards compatibility.   Dealing with "fuzzy time" seems necessary and is driven by several use cases.

But for now, we are just aiming to clarify the requirement as described by Frans at the bottom of this thread.

Karl, Simon, Chris why dont you nominate yourselves  for a " technical talk " on the wiki and we will give these ideas some air time! simon, you did a short one at the F2F, but repeating  in this context would not hurt.

Lars, I do hope you can come!

Kerry


On 10 Aug 2015, at 10:04 am, <Simon.Cox@csiro.au<mailto:Simon.Cox@csiro.au>> wrote:

>  OWL-Time was published in 2006 and seems fixed.
I already proposed a small extension to allow for non-Gregorian calendars, with the essential requirement that it preserves the existing encoding [1].
I would suggest that we look at these other concerns with a similar goal in mind – to protect existing users of OWL-Time, but where possible to also accommodate the richer requirements.

Simon

From: Karl Grossner [mailto:karlg@stanford.edu]
Sent: Sunday, 9 August 2015 1:21 AM
To: Kerry Taylor <Kerry.Taylor@acm.org<mailto:Kerry.Taylor@acm.org>>; Frans Knibbe <frans.knibbe@geodan.nl<mailto:frans.knibbe@geodan.nl>>
Cc: SDW WG Public List <public-sdw-wg@w3.org<mailto:public-sdw-wg@w3.org>>; Lars Svensson <L.Svensson@dnb.de<mailto:L.Svensson@dnb.de>>
Subject: Re: ISSUE 14: temporal reasoning and relations

Frans, Kerry -

OWL-time restricts the range of the hasBeginning and hasEnd properties to Instant. If that range were extended to include Interval, a great many of the temporal expressions we call “fuzzy” (a misnomer, uncertain is better) could be encoded that can’t be now, including:

  *   “[circa | early | mid | late]  [month | year | century]”
The 4-part pattern (earliestStart, latestStart, earliestEnd, latestEnd) is as old as the hills elsewhere and intuitive - one sees it in timelines, from 18th century hand drawn ones of Priestley [1] to MIT’s Simile Timeline.

As noted, other kinds of uncertainty are handled by Allen’s relations: before, during, after, etc. I would say they don’t articulate actual relations well enough, but they do a basic job [2].

OWL-Time was published in 2006 and seems fixed. I agree it should be extended. I guess I’m not clear on how the expression of the requirement in this group’s work will impact that standard. In the meantime, ad hoc data formats (like the Topotime extension to GeoJSON, or PeriodO) are tackling  the requirement, coupled with software to interpret data expressed in the new model(s).

A more fundamental issue is that representation requirements for places and temporal entities are symmetrical: places have essential temporal attributes and occurrences have essential spatial attributes. Events are geospatial phenomena; historical periods are aggregations of geospatial phenomena. But I digress…

Cheers
Karl

[1] http://math.yorku.ca/SCS/Gallery/images/priestley.gif

[2] For example, “before” could be intervalBefore, intervalStarts, or intervalOverlaps. A really nice treatment of this is in Freksa, C. (1992). Temporal reasoning based on semi-intervals. Artificial Intelligence, 54: 199-227

On 8/8/15, 7:32 AM, "Kerry Taylor" <Kerry.Taylor@acm.org<mailto:Kerry.Taylor@acm.org>> wrote:

Frans,
This requirement is asking for temporal relations which, as you suggest, are already in OWL-time (Allen's). I think that it is perfectly reasonable to  leave that in as a requirement for our work even so. There were several relevant use cases.

The "xsd formats" part of the requirement came specifically from use case
http://www.w3.org/2015/spatial/wiki/Working_Use_Cases#Publishing_Cultural_Heritage_Data_.28Best_Practice.2C_Time.2C_Coverage.29

submitted by Lars, where he said that the xsd time formats available in OWL are insufficient.  I suspect, however, that OWL-time addresses, or should address, that need, so perhaps the "( xsd formats)" part of the requirement can just be  dropped.  Almost certainly I was the one who wrote it, rather cryptically.

Having said that, there is indeed a (fresh and separate) requirement that I think should replace that cryptic comment. OWL was updated in 2012 to adopt the updated 2012 xsd datatypes, but owl-time remains pre-2012. Xsd:datetimeStamp, at least, should be handled in OWL-time ( as OWL does).  A requirement like "conform to the 2012 update of OWL datatypes" would do, and could apply to both owl-time and also ssn.

On the fuzzy time requirement, I wonder whether the intervals that can be represented in owl-time are good enough? Just wondering -- this is not a requirements question.

@Lars, will you be able to come to the meeting this week?

Kerry


On 7 Aug 2015, at 11:33 pm, Frans Knibbe <frans.knibbe@geodan.nl<mailto:frans.knibbe@geodan.nl>> wrote:
Hello Karl,

Should the OWL time ontology make it possible to work with vague or fuzzy time, which already is a requirement, do you think there is a need for an additional requirement?

I am fully convinced that time is important and that in many cases time can not be encoded in ISO 8601. But the main issue in this discussion is getting the requirement (if there is one) straight. At least the editors of the UCR document are not clear on what is meant by the proposed requirement. Do you see a clear requirement and could you explain it? Perhaps there is something useful in Topotime that is not in OWL Time and is not coveredr by the requirements currently in the UCR document?

Regards,
Frans

2015-08-04 17:56 GMT+02:00 Karl Grossner <karlg@stanford.edu<mailto:karlg@stanford.edu>>:

Hello,



Don't know whether or how this may be useful in the business of SDW; I've been largely absent from the group due to timing of meetings:



Use Case 4.17 states, "There is no framework available to describe fuzzy temporal information." There are, however two nascent efforts that will accommodate 'fuzziness' in varying degree: the Periods, Organized project [1] and Topotime [2]. In both cases, timespans can be described not only by pairs of instants, but also by pairs of intervals. This pattern has appeared elsewhere (e.g. in the SIMILE Timeline software). Additionally, Topotime includes operators like before (<), after (>), and about (~), and differentiates 'some time/duration within' and 'throughout.' It is currently in active (re-)development as a GeoJSON extension [3].



All phenomena occurring at a location have temporal attributes of co-equal importance (which isn't to say we always know them, or care, or that people aren't prone to using spatial snapshots). But general models of natural phenomena should permit representing their most important characteristics, including the 'where' and 'when' of them. What motivates Topotime is that in historical data we are very frequently representing entities with shapes and positions that change over time, and for which spatial-temporal extents are uncertain in various ways.



Happy to discuss further - in or out of this thread :^)



Karl



[1] http://perio.do


[2] http://dh.stanford.edu/topotime


[3] https://github.com/kgeographer/topotime





--
Karl Grossner, PhD
Center for Interdisciplinary Digital Research
Stanford University Libraries
http://kgeographer.org

________________________________
From: Frans Knibbe <frans.knibbe@geodan.nl<mailto:frans.knibbe@geodan.nl>>
Sent: Tuesday, August 04, 2015 6:33 AM
To: SDW WG Public List
Subject: ISSUE 14: temporal reasoning and relations

Hello,

The oldest remaining issue with the UCR document is ISSUE-14<http://www.w3.org/2015/spatial/track/issues/14>: Not clear Time req. - temporal reasoning and relations (xsd formats). Until now the issue had no related e-mail thread. This message changes that. I hope we can all think about this issue and work towards resolving it - hopefully in next week's meeting.

My personal understanding is that this issue could be intended to lead to addition of a new requirement that is the temporal equivalent of the spatial operators requirement<http://w3c.github.io/sdw/UseCases/SDWUseCasesAndRequirements.html#SpatialOperators>. Especially when considering inexact dates and times I think it would be good to have operators like 'before', 'after', 'during' at one's disposal. But when looking at the Time Ontology I see such concepts are already there. I understand them to be only usable with exact dates and times, but there already is a requirement for temporal vagueness<http://w3c.github.io/sdw/UseCases/SDWUseCasesAndRequirements.html#TemporalVagueness>. Could this mean there is no reason to add another requirement?

Regards,
Frans


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