First Public Working Draft: SPARQL 1.2 Entailment Regimes

SPARQL 1.2 Entailment Regimes

https://www.w3.org/TR/2023/WD-sparql12-entailment-20230606/

Published by
 RDF-star Working Group

Abstract

SPARQL is a query language and a protocol for data that is stored natively as RDF or viewed as RDF via middleware. The main mechanism for computing query results in SPARQL is subgraph matching: RDF triples in both the queried RDF data and the query pattern are interpreted as nodes and edges of directed graphs, and the resulting query graph is matched to the data graph using variables as wild cards. Various W3C standards, including RDF 1.2 Concepts and Abstract Syntax [RDF12-CONCEPTS] and OWL 2 Web Ontology Language Mapping to RDF Graphs (Second Edition) [OWL2-MAPPING-TO-RDF], provide semantic interpretations for RDF graphs that allow additional RDF statements to be inferred from explicitly given assertions. Many applications that rely on these semantics require a query language such as SPARQL, but in order to use SPARQL, basic graph pattern matching has to be defined using semantic entailment relations instead of explicitly given graph structures. There are different possible ways of defining a basic graph pattern matching extension for an entailment relation. This document specifies one such way for a range of standard semantic web entailment relations. Such extensions of the SPARQL semantics are called entailment regimes within this document. An entailment regime defines not only which entailment relation is used, but also which queries and graphs are well-formed for the regime, how the entailment is used (since there are potentially different meaningful ways to use the same entailment relation), and what kinds of errors can arise. The entailment relations used in this document are standard entailment relations in the semantic web: RDF entailment, RDFS entailment, D-entailment, OWL Direct and RDF-Based Semantics entailment, and RIF Core entailment.

Status of the Document

This section describes the status of this document at the time of its publication. A list of current W3C publications and the latest revision of this technical report can be found in the W3C technical reports index at https://www.w3.org/TR/. 

This specification is published by the RDF Star Working Group as part of the update of specifications for format and errata. 

This document was published by the RDF-star Working Group as a First Public Working Draft using the Recommendation track.

Publication as a First Public Working Draft does not imply endorsement by W3C and its Members.

This is a draft document and may be updated, replaced or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to cite this document as other than work in progress.

This document was produced by a group operating under the W3C Patent Policy. W3C maintains a public list of any patent disclosures made in connection with the deliverables of the group; that page also includes instructions for disclosing a patent. An individual who has actual knowledge of a patent which the individual believes contains Essential Claim(s) must disclose the information in accordance with section 6 of the W3C Patent Policy.

This document is governed by the 2 November 2021 W3C Process Document.



Set of Documents  

This document is one of twelve SPARQL 1.2 Recommendations produced by the RDF-star Working Group: 

SPARQL 1.2 Recommendations:  What’s New in SPARQL 1.2 SPARQL 1.2 Concepts SPARQL 1.2 Query Language SPARQL 1.2 Update SPARQL 1.2 Service Description SPARQL 1.2 Federated Query SPARQL 1.2 Query Results JSON Format SPARQL 1.2 Query Results CSV and TSV Formats SPARQL 1.2 Query Results XML Formats SPARQL 1.2 Entailment Regimes(this document) SPARQL 1.2 Protocol SPARQL 1.2 Graph Store HTTP Protocol

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Received on Tuesday, 6 June 2023 06:23:43 UTC