- From: Sandro Hawke <sandro@w3.org>
- Date: Thu, 07 Apr 2011 21:04:15 -0400
- To: Eric Prud'hommeaux <eric@w3.org>
- Cc: David Wood <dpw@talis.com>, RDF Working Group WG <public-rdf-wg@w3.org>
On Thu, 2011-04-07 at 20:43 -0400, Eric Prud'hommeaux wrote: > * Sandro Hawke <sandro@w3.org> [2011-04-07 18:23-0400] > > On Thu, 2011-04-07 at 18:18 -0400, David Wood wrote: > > > On Apr 7, 2011, at 18:07, RDF Working Group Issue Tracker <sysbot+tracker@w3.org> wrote: > > > > > > > > > > > RDF-ISSUE-25 (Deprecate Reification): Should we deprecate (RDF 2004) reification? [Cleanup tasks] > > > > > > > > http://www.w3.org/2011/rdf-wg/track/issues/25 > > > > > > > > Raised by: Sandro Hawke > > > > On product: Cleanup tasks > > > > > > > > > > > > The RDF 1999 and 2004 Recommendations include vocabulary and syntax > > > > (in RDF/XML) for RDF "reification". The vocabulary is rdf:Statement, > > > > rdf:subject, rdf:predicate, and rdf:object; the syntax is rdf:ID used > > > > on a property element. > > > > > > > > Although this feature is sometimes used in practice, some experts > > > > advise data providers to avoid it. It has no syntactic support in > > > > RDFa or Turtle. Should the WG align with this advice and say this > > > > feature is only to be use for backward compatibility? (That is, > > > > RDF/XML parsers must continue to support the syntax, and libraries > > > > should allow applications to use the features to interoperate with > > > > legacy RDF systems.) > > > > > > > > Note that many or all of the use cases of reification are also uses > > > > cases for [GRAPHS]. The decision about the fate of reificiation is > > > > connected with what happens with [GRAPHS]. > > > > > > > > > Might reification undergo a renaissance when provenance comes back into fashion? Couldn't we consider reification a degenerate case of a named graph? > > > > > > We might want to go slowly on this one... > > > > I think it's one of the candidate solutions for the GRAPHS use cases. > > My guess is it's unlikely to survive, but who knows. :-) > > > > Maybe I should move it from [Cleanup tasks] to [GRAPHS] ? > > People objected to reification for inference and syntax reasons. > > INFERENCE > The inference issues boil down to the fact that rules applicable to a > flat graph must be transformed when applied to a reified graph. The > principle exemplar being owl:sameAs: > <LoisLane> <says> [ rdf:s <Superman> ; rdf:p <can> ; rdf:o <fly> ] . > <Superman> owl:sameAs <ClarkKent> . > Applying the sameAs to the reified graph tells you that Lois Lane says > that Clark Kent can fly, just as it would if you applied it to all > symbols in > <SYSTEM> { <LoisLane> <uttered> <G1> . } > <G1> { <Superman> <can> <fly> . } > > If we want use graphs for quoting, we have to be judicious about the > application of sameAs. Perhaps we want our <SYSTEM> to infer that if > <Superman> <canBeatUp> <LexLuther> . > then > <ClarkKen> <canBeatUp> <LexLuther> . > Of course, we can be equally judicious about the application of sameAs > in the reified world, using a rule like: > { ?X owl:sameAs ?Y . > <SYSTEM> <holds> [ rdf:s ?X ; rdf:p ?p ; rdf:o ?o ] . } > => > { <SYSTEM> <holds> [ rdf:s ?Y ; rdf:p ?p ; rdf:o ?o ] . } > > In short, I'm not convinced that named graphs offers any more quoting > ability than reification. We just can't mix reified and non-reified > statements. (More precisely, we need to know which statements are > reified, much as we need to know if an statement is inside {}s.) > > > SYNTAX > We can define a predicate <uttered> to encode quoting in named graphs: > uttered: asserts that the subject asserted all of the statements > in the graph named in the object. > <SYSTEM> { <LoisLane> <uttered> <G1> . > <Superman> <canBeatUp> <LexLuther> .} > <G1> { <Superman> <can> <fly> . } > or reification: > uttered: asserts that the subject asserted the dereification of the > objects of the <holds> arc from the object. [wordsmithing opportunity] > <SYSTEM> <holds> [ rdf:s <LoisLane> ; rdf:p <uttered> ; rdf:o <G1> ] , > [ rdf:s <Superman> ; rdf:p <canBeatUp> ; rdf:o <LexLuther> ] . > <G1> <holds> [ rdf:s <Superman> ; rdf:p <can> ; rdf:o <fly> ] . > or more simply in N3: > uttered: asserts that the subject asserted the statements in the object. > <SYSTEM> <holds> { <LoisLane> <uttered> { <Superman> <can> <fly> . } . > <Superman> <canBeatUp> <LexLuther> . } . > > What happens when Lois says that Lex says that Superman can fly? > name graphs: > <SYSTEM> { <LoisLane> <uttered> <G1> . > <Superman> <canBeatUp> <LexLuther> . } > <G1> { <LexLuther> <uttered> <G2> . } > <G2> { <Superman> <can> <fly> . } > reification: > <SYSTEM> <holds> [ rdf:s <LoisLane> ; rdf:p <uttered> ; rdf:o <G1> ] , > [ rdf:s <Superman> ; rdf:p <canBeatUp> ; rdf:o <LexLuther> ] . > <G1> <holds> [ rdf:s <LexLuther> ; rdf:p <uttered> ; rdf:o <G2> ] . > <G2> <holds> [ rdf:s <Superman> ; rdf:p <can> ; rdf:o <fly> ] . > n3: > <SYSTEM> <holds> { > <LoisLane> <uttered> { > <LexLuther> <uttered> { > <Superman> <can> <fly> . } . } . > <Superman> <canBeatUp> <LexLuther> . } > > SPARQL syntax might lead us to believe that queries can use nesting to > match she-said-he-said quotes, but I don't think there's any distinction > between (here arbitrarily promoting <SYSTEM> to the default graph): > ASK { > ?she <uttered> ?g1 > GRAPH ?g1 { > ?he <uttered> ?g2 > GRAPH ?g2 { > <Superman> <can> <fly> > } > } > } > and > ASK { > ?she <uttered> ?g1 > GRAPH ?g1 { > ?he <uttered> ?g2 > } > GRAPH ?g2 { > <Superman> <can> <fly> > } > } > > The real challenge for named graphs comes when we don't have names for > our speach acts. Reification causes no problem: > <SYSTEM> <holds> [ rdf:s <LoisLane> ; rdf:p <uttered> ; rdf:o _:g1 ] . > _:g1 <holds> [ rdf:s <LexLuther> ; rdf:p <uttered> ; rdf:o _:g2 ] . > but names graphs requires bnode scope to escape the graph boundries: > <SYSTEM> { <LoisLane> <uttered> _:g1 . } > _:g1 { <LexLuther> <uttered> _:g2 . } > Critics of bnodes will no doubt say "invent names for your speach acts", > but "honor the names you invented" is a pretty heavy burden compared to > having to write out reification. Are you saying the rdf Reification is a good solution to the [GRAPHS] use cases? It sounds like it. -- Sandro
Received on Friday, 8 April 2011 01:04:26 UTC