Re: Newbie LOD Questions :)

Nathan wrote:
> Kingsley Idehen wrote:
>> Nathan wrote:
>>> Hi All,
>>>
>>> Apologies if this is the wrong place to ask questions about linked 
>>> data; however not sure where else to turn at the minute! and again 
>>> as it's quite a long list.
>>>
>>>
>>> worth noting the following link for most of the following questions:
>>> http://sameas.org/text?uri=http%3A%2F%2Fdbpedia.org%2Fresource%2FLondon
>>>
>>>
>>> 1] Let's say I'm writing an article about London, England; which one 
>>> of the many URI's do I reference that my data is "about"?
>>>
>>> 2] Would there be scope for a single globally unique identifier / 
>>> URI to represent "London, England"? one which rather than holding 
>>> information about London (like http://dbpedia.org/resource/London), 
>>> essentially held a set of sameas items which everyone could use when 
>>> publishing data "about" "London, England" (like the data at the 
>>> sameas.org link above).
>>>
>>> 3] If sameAs indicates that two URI references contain information 
>>> about the same thing; how do we assert that two URI's contain the 
>>> same information about the same thing (ie identical data)?
>> You don't want to assert that they have the same data. You are 
>> asserting co-reference i.e. the URIs are about the same Entity. Thus, 
>> you can then perform union style expansion from the co-reference URIs 
>> to get a bigger picture of a  given entity e.g., London, from a 
>> variety of data sources.
>>
>> Examples:
>>
>> - About Me (compact) [1]
>> - About Me (expanded via explicit co-reference of the kind delivered 
>> by owl:sameAs) [2]
>> - About Me (expanded via fuzzier co-reference via a rule that 
>> asserts, in this context, that foaf:name is an inverse functional 
>> property i.e., its values are in-direct identifiers) [3]
>>
>>>
>>> 3a] as [3], mirrors are common on the net, us1.domain us2.domain 
>>> etc; each one containing the same information; as above how would 
>>> one indicate that the data is the same? considering that ...
>>> - the data is identical, no way to inject in a "sameas" in to the rdf
>> RDFizer middleware can use custom (context specific) rules to make 
>> their own assertions as part of the RDFization processing pipeline. 
>> For instance, SPARQL is an effective rules language (head and body 
>> just happen to be on a vertical as opposed to horizontal visual 
>> plane), so it is possible for said engines to perform constrained 
>> forward-chaining (with the generated triples written to a specific 
>> graph that used in specific context).
>>> - one 3rd party may reference the uri 
>>> http://us1.domain.com/something.rdf whilst another 3rd party 
>>> references http://us2.domain.com/something.rdf
>>> both are the same data, but no correlation between the two exists 
>>> anywhere to say they are the same thing.
>> See comment above.
>>> - it stands to reason that the ideal is a single endpoint and 
>>> mirrors behind the scenes without any http 30* redirects ever being 
>>> returned to the client, however this won't always be the case so 
>>> what syntax can we use in this scenario?
>> Single cannot exist.
>>
>> Context is all that exists.
>>
>> Within a given context (always inherently subjective) certain 
>> assertions can be made about co-reference be it explicit (owl:sameAs) 
>> or fuzzy (e.g. IFP based rules).
>>>
>>> [4] Are there any conventions or guidelines for combining data and 
>>> resolving discrepancies? for instance to get all data about london 
>>> one would theoretically have to combine all the data from the uri's 
>>> referenced at (the sameas.org link aforementioned), but surely if 
>>> you combined all data together then you'd get both duplicates and 
>>> differences in the data.. which is fact etc.
>>>
>>> [4a] Likewise with people - I have multiple social profiles all 
>>> about "me" but surely in the near future multiple URI's will each 
>>> represent #me; I think we can safely say that not all of these will 
>>> be linked with sameas, and further still which one should X person 
>>> use when referencing information about "me"?
>>>
>>> [4b] Is there any method to mark which is the preferred source of 
>>> information (and verify it)? at the minute it seems like it would be 
>>> very simple to publish a vast amount of inaccurate data in triples 
>>> and it appears the current mentality would be to take it for granted 
>>> that the information IS fact.
>>>
>>>
>>> DC vs ctag and FOAF
>>>
>>> For RDFa we have ctag and maker; which to me seems very exact:
>>> <span rel="ctag:means" resource="http://dbpedia.org/page/Washington"/>
>>> <span rel="foaf:maker" resource="http://faviki.com/person/example#me"/>
>>>
>>> but in dublin core we have the very loose
>>> <span property="dc:subject">Washington</span>
>>> <span property="dc:creator">Example</span>
>>>
>>> I'm aware one can couple both dc and ctag/foaf in RDFa; but should 
>>> we be replacing dc values wherever possible with the more precise 
>>> ctag/foaf? (and indeed in our standard rdf data?)
>>>
>>> A quick question about the usage of RDFa; previously I had always 
>>> envisioned RDFa documents to contain a lot of inline rdf markup; I'm 
>>> aware of the problems in picking up a term in the middle of a block 
>>> of text and wrapping it in the appropriate notation; however my 
>>> question is am I wrong in thinking this is the main use/advantage? 
>>> in most cases where I've sen XHTML+RDFa (like uriburner etc) it's 
>>> been more case of using RDFa to display human readable RDF; as 
>>> opposed to human targeted article with rfda embedded in-place / 
>>> in-line. Does anybody have any examples of a full RDFa demo site; 
>>> not just with the normal dc/foaf and tags but fully enriched with 
>>> detected semantic terms highlighted, linked and wrapped in rdfa, 
>>> inline..?
>>>
>>>
>>> And finally any info on creating a set/document which comprises of 
>>> or includes / references items in other datasets? (I may really show 
>>> my newbie-ness here) - what I mean is say I'm making an RDFa page 
>>> about London, and in that I mention the population; I don't want to 
>>> have the population in document or in the rdf, I do however want to 
>>> link through to the triple which holds the population for london in 
>>> dbpedia or a geo set and have that in my rdfa. So where I could have:
>>> (s–p–o)
>>> london-population-7556900
>>>
>>> I'd rather have:
>>> london-population-{some link to dbpedia-owl:populationTotal value in 
>>> dbpedia's rdf for london)
>>>
>>> Thus I'm saying that london's population is {found here} and it'd be 
>>> nice if it can also be pulled in and displayed through in an 
>>> XHTML+RDFa document by possibly 
>>> content="URI#dbpedia-owl:populationTotal" or suchlike.
>>> Not sure if I explained that properly, perhaps just simply how do I 
>>> reference a single triple rather than a full rdf set; or am I way of 
>>> target?
>>>
>>> Many Thanks in advance for any answers, comments etc & apologies 
>>> again if it's the wrong place to ask!
>>>
>>> Nathan
>>>
>> I've used My person entity URI instead of "London", for maximum 
>> effect i.e., lots of URIs associated with me etc..
>>
>> Links:
>>
>> 1.   http://tr.im/DoCA -- compact description (&sas=no implies no 
>> "owl:sameAs" context rule)
>> 2.   http://tr.im/DoD4  - owl:sameAs expansion (&sas=yes implies 
>> "owl:sameAs" smushing/meshing/expansion/explosion context on)
>> 3.   http://tr.im/DoIi -- show UI that provides holistic view of the 
>> data space i.e., you can see via the indirect co-reference the effect 
>> of an IFP rule re. foaf:name and foaf:mbox_sha1sum (note: there is a 
>> bug I hit while writing this mail and you will most likely hit it if 
>> you click on the IFP tab URIs)
>> 4.    http://tr.im/DoNv -- above using London from the larger data 
>> corpus (8 Billion) at: http://lod.openlinksw.com (just visit the tabs 
>> for the different co-reference URIs).
>>
>>
>
> Thanks Kingsley!
>
> something just clicked and half of my questions are now irrelevant; to 
> summarise my current understanding..
>
> Let's say I'm doing the simplest report ever, where I want to display 
> the sentence "The population of X is Y" in XHTML+RDFa.
>  - where X is the current name of "London" and "Y" is the current 
> population, even if the name changes in 50 years to "new london" and 
> the population drops to 54
>  - and I want the data to be always up to date (or as up to date as 
> sources allow)
> then all I need to do is:
>
> 1 - find a resource which holds rdf information about London
> 2 - SPARQL said resource to pick out only the name and population nodes
If using a SPARQL engine with inference rules capability plus the 
ability to crawl within a SPARQL solution processing pipeline, you can 
enable "owl:sameAs" inference context, and also ask the engine to follow 
"owl:sameAs" links; thereby enabling you to get an expanded data set (on 
the fly) to which the query pattern is applied, en route to final solution.
> 3 - (optional) assign a nice endpoint display the results of the query 
> as rdf
You don't display anything as "RDF" per se. you have data 
representations based on the RDF model, and from these you can make 
different presentations e.g. HTML or HTML+RDF (if you want to make your 
presentation document a structured data data source based on the RDF model).
> 4 - XSLT transform the results in to an XHTML+RDFa document ["about" 
> URI for london], [by FOAF:Person/dc:creator me] where name and 
> population are injected in to X & Y respectively.
Sure, you can even use xslt in the SPARQL Protocol URL to achieve this goal.
>
> that makes sense, and I'll assume the following:
>
> to ensure info is always available I'd need to query (not sure what or 
> where here) to get all resources which describe city london, then use 
> all resources from above query as my source for steps 1-4 above; thus 
> should dbpedia die my report will still work!(?)
See comment above, re owl:sameAs and crawling withing SPARQL processing 
pipeline. In addition to that you can cache you query results in you own 
data space, and even apply cache invalidation schemes to that particular 
space (remember HTTP gives you the mechanics for this gratis).
>
> I guess that also advocates the decentralized nature of LOD and uses 
> of sameas, but on the other hand it suggests a need for a single point 
> of entry / initial search in to the "cloud"?
No single point of entry per se. I would think more in terms of 
discovery and the degree of serendipity that the Web offers as its 
structured linked data aspect gets denser.
>
> and to ensure I've "got it"..
>
> essentially I could write the following sentence in a document 
> "'Kingsley Idehen' wrote a post entitled 'name of post'"; where the 
> 'name of post' is automatically injected at render time directly from 
> the rdf title of your post; so if you change the title, my sentence 
> remains accurate.
Yes :-)
>
> All that's left is:
>
> - my question regarding "combining data and resolving discrepancies" 
> (unless I find the answer upon closer analysis of the provided links);
Just look at the tabs in the links from my previous posts. The "indirect 
co-reference" by nature of its essence, should reveal obvious errors, 
since foaf:name alone cannot be a serious basis for co-reference (even 
the fuzzier indirect variety).
>
> - which are the preferred ontologies to use when trying to be very 
> specific about a subject (rather than dc.subject dc.creator etc which 
> are essentially free text based not URI identifier based)
Depends on what your describing. From my vantage point (or world view) 
the foundation ontologies are :

1. FOAF
2. Dublin Core
3. SIOC
4. GoodRelations
5. Bibliographic Ontology
6. Music Ontology
7. SKOS
>
> Regards & many thanks,
>
> Nathan
>


-- 


Regards,

Kingsley Idehen	      Weblog: http://www.openlinksw.com/blog/~kidehen
President & CEO 
OpenLink Software     Web: http://www.openlinksw.com

Received on Thursday, 29 October 2009 00:45:19 UTC