- From: Karen Coyle <kcoyle@kcoyle.net>
- Date: Sun, 06 Mar 2011 15:20:46 -0800
- To: "Young,Jeff (OR)" <jyoung@oclc.org>
- Cc: public-lld@w3.org
Quoting "Young,Jeff (OR)" <jyoung@oclc.org>: > > I'm still trying to make sense of WEMI, but treating "has publisher" and > "place of publication" as literals implies they have no bearing on WEMI > splits. If these properties aren't factors, it makes me wonder which if > any are. It never occurred to me that WEMI entity production wouldn't > leave traces in the properties. Maybe I've been looking under the wrong > rocks? Jeff, you completely lost me on this, so I'm going to begin by asking what you mean by "splits" -- then I probably will have other questions. :-) kc > > Jeff > >> -----Original Message----- >> From: Tillett, Barbara [mailto:btil@loc.gov] >> Sent: Sunday, March 06, 2011 3:44 PM >> To: Young,Jeff (OR); Karen Coyle; Thomas Baker >> Cc: gordon@gordondunsire.com; public-lld@w3.org >> Subject: RE: Question about MARCXML to Models transformation >> >> I basically agree, but want to point out that FRBR's WEMI are not >> strictly hierarchical but rather a network graph (don't forget about >> the many to many relationships for the WEMI - it's not just one to one >> or one to many or many to one - there are also many to many). >> >> Also "relational database" does not mean it has relationships...it >> means it's based on relational algebra with joins, unions, >> intersections, etc., of tables (sets of data). I'm really looking >> forward to breaking away from relational database models to get to >> something that handles the complex graph structures of the >> bibliographic universe better. It's probably because I'm rather fond >> of topological spaces and non-Euclidean geometries and see a better > fit >> in that realm, but computer science isn't there yet. I think the >> Semantic Web has the potential to free us from the relational model, >> while improving connections and links of relationships...but I still >> see current iterations as not really "there" yet. Gordon's work is a >> brilliant step to demonstrating and documenting the logic relations >> (transitive, equivalent, etc.), cardinalities, etc. It really helps > us >> "see" the model and note where adjustments would make it even better. >> >> FRBR has declared certain attributes for the entities, and I > completely >> agree some of those could better evolve into relationships (like >> corporate bodies with a relationship/role of "is publisher" to a >> particular manifestation rather than leaving them as attributes of a >> manifestation) - we started to do that with RDA, but stopped short as >> being too drastic a change from FRBR for this first round...but I am >> sure it will be revisited once we have more registries like VIAF and >> the RDA registries that make linking and declaration of relationships >> easier and more stable, and schemas and systems that can actually do >> something with such structures. - Barbara >> ________________________________________ >> From: public-lld-request@w3.org [public-lld-request@w3.org] On Behalf >> Of Young,Jeff (OR) [jyoung@oclc.org] >> Sent: Sunday, March 06, 2011 4:15 AM >> To: Karen Coyle; Thomas Baker >> Cc: gordon@gordondunsire.com; public-lld@w3.org >> Subject: RE: Question about MARCXML to Models transformation >> >> I think Karen brings some nebulous issues into focus. Sorry if my >> thoughts are cryptic. I can try to clarify them if needed. >> >> > It's rather clear that FRBR was not designed with the open world >> model >> > in mind -- in fact, it was designed around a late 90's concept of >> > relational databases. >> >> The Semantic Web is also "relational", so that aspect doesn't bother >> me. >> I agree that "relational databases" impose closed world assumptions, >> but >> I'm not sure this limitation affects how designers go about their >> modeling. For example, reusable OWL can be rationalized from legacy >> relational databases using D2RQ: >> >> http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/bizer/d2rq/spec/ >> >> > It is very top-down in that XML-ish way and most >> > commonly it is assumed that each of the FRBR entities will be a >> > record. >> >> FRBR in general is relational, but the WEMI classes specifically are >> unquestionably hierarchical. I would agree that XML Schemas warps our >> thinking, but WEMI is starting to make sense to me as a hierarchy. My >> complaint now is the lack of meaningful WEMI subclasses that could > make >> the model much easier to understand and deal with. >> >> > I say that latter because of the fact that the WEMI entities, >> > while having inter-dependencies, also have specific relationships to >> > other WEMI entities (as well as to the group 2 and 3 entities). So > an >> > expression will have a relationship to a work and to one or more >> > manifestations -- that's what I think of as a *structural* >> > relationship -- >> >> I agree with this interpretation and provide these RDF examples for >> illustration. >> (Beware: my "frbr" namespace elements are ad hoc.) >> >> <expression-1> a frbr:Expression ; >> frbr:isARealizationOf <work-1> ; >> frbr:isEmbodiedIn <manifestation-1> ; >> frbr:isEmbodiedIn <manifestation-2> . >> <work-1> a frbr:Work . >> <manifestation-1> a frbr:Manifestation . >> <manifestation-2> a frbr:Manifestation . >> >> > but it can also have bibliographic relationships to >> > other expressions (like: one expression is the translation of > another >> > expression, or is an updated edition). >> >> Here's what the additional triples would look like: >> >> <expression-1> >> frbr:hasATranslation <expression-2> ; >> frbr:hasARevision <expression-3> . >> <expression-2> a frbr:Expression . >> <expression-3> a frbr:Expression . >> >> > The fact is that it will be very hard to have an expression without > a >> > work because of the way the properties are spread across the Group 1 >> > entities: an expression does not have relationship to a primary >> > creator (e.g. author), only a work does. Ditto subjects: only Work >> > entities have the "has subject" property that links to topical >> > entities. >> >> I'm willing to go so far as believing it is *impossible* to have an >> Expression without a Work because *all* conceivable Expressions have >> creator and subject relationships in theory: even the fictional ones. > I >> think we need to beware that FRBR doesn't strive to be a metadata >> exchange format, it strives to be a model of common sense reality > (more >> or less). >> >> > A Manifestation doesn't have a language of text; that >> > belongs to the Expression. The necessary elements to describe a >> > resource >> >> Riddle: When is a resource not a resource? >> Answer: When the modeler(s) declare it to be a property or set of >> properties instead. >> >> Fortunately, no modeler in history ever had the last word. :-) >> >> > are spread across the 3 (WEM) group 1 entities, making it >> > very difficult to treat them separately. To give you an idea of what >> > each entity "means", here are some key attributes for each: >> > >> > Work >> > - work title >> > - key for a musical work >> > - coordinates for a cartographic work >> > - with relationships to >> > -- creator of the work >> > -- topics of the work (subject headings and classifications) >> >> The terms "musical work", "cartographic work", and various other >> rationalized "foo work" qualifiers imply subclasses of FRBR Work. I >> think it's worth attempting. >> >> > >> > Expression >> > - language of the expression (if text) >> > - form of the expression (text, sound, image) >> >> Likewise, "text expression", "sound expression", "image expression", >> and >> other qualifications all imply subclasses of FRBR Expression. >> >> > Manifestation >> > - title of the manifestation (may be different to the work title) >> > - edition >> > - publisher, date of publication >> > - physical format (size, units, other measurements) >> > - ISBN, ISSN, etc. >> >> My feeling is that some of these "attributes" (owl:DatatypeProperty) >> SHOULD be modeled as relationships/associations instead >> (owl:ObjectProperty). For example, I think "publishers" should be >> modeled as a frbr:CorporateBody (or a subclass thereof) and "place of >> publication" should be modeled as frbr:Place. Limiting the individuals >> in the CorporateBody and Place classes to known subjects of a Work >> doesn't make sense in an open world model. Most real world objects can >> be dumbed-down to literals when necessary. >> >> > >> > There are many more attributes, but these are the common ones and > the >> > ones that I think may help people understand the issue. The data >> > record that libraries create today contains data elements from all > of >> > these entities, mixed together and usually not clearly identified as >> W >> > or E or M. To create library data under FRBR it will be necessary to >> > ALWAYS have Work+Expression+Manifestation entities. (I'm skipping >> Item >> > in the interest of brevity, but we should assume that it is part of >> > the picture.) >> >> For better or worse it's not that simple. As Tom Baker pointed out in >> another thread, ontologies aren't exchange formats, they are models in >> which some entities can be inferred. >> >> > >> > Now, it would be great to investigate the inferences that one can >> make >> > with FRBR. For example, if you say: >> > >> > resourceA / frbrer:hasSubject / >> > http://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85148177 >> > >> > then the inference is that resourceA is a Work. (I believe the way > to >> > say this is that "hasSubject" has the domain "Work". Right, Gordon?) >> >> FRBRer coins separate "has as subject" properties for each range > class, >> but as you would expect the domain is always Work. >> >> > You cannot then say: >> > >> > resourceA / frbrer:hasPublisher / "Random House" >> > >> > because *that* statement would mean that resourceA is a >> Manifestation, >> > and Manifestation and Work are disjoint. >> >> The FRBRer OWL doesn't currently declare Work and Expression to be >> owl:disjointWith one another, but I think that was Gordon's plan. >> Here's >> some support for your understanding: >> http://www.w3.org/TR/owl2-primer/#Class_Disjointness. >> >> > So in a sense you are forced >> > (whether OWL forces you or not is another question), but the FRBR >> > logic forces you to create a new entity for the Manifestation >> > *portion* of your description. In addition, to connect the >> > Manifestation to the Work (since you need the creator and subjects > to >> > complete your description), you may need to create an entity for the >> > Expression. (RDA allows Manifestations to "Manifest" Works, but I >> > think FRBR in its present state still requires M -> E -> W.) >> >> I believe it's possible to create an inferred shortcut like this in >> OWL, >> but it's just a convenience property. >> >> > >> > This is, of course, unless I have totally missed something in the >> > nature of FRBR, and if so I would love to hear that my worst fears >> > about it do not come to bear. >> >> I think you've created a useful and accurate summary. :-) >> >> Jeff >> >> > >> > kc >> > >> > > >> > > It relates to Dan's point that schema designers in the new >> > > idiom are not actually issuing "shipping orders" for data >> > > integrity in the imperative style to which they are accustomed >> > > -- even if, as I suspect, they may sometimes _believe_ that >> > > this is is the effect of declarations such as the above. >> > > >> > > As Jeff has pointed out, one might conceivably use the OWL to >> > > construct syntactic validators to impose such data integrity, >> > > but these are necessarily over and above whatever the OWL >> > > itself actually says. >> > > >> > > Tom >> > > >> > > >> > > >> > >> > >> > >> > -- >> > Karen Coyle >> > kcoyle@kcoyle.net http://kcoyle.net >> > ph: 1-510-540-7596 >> > m: 1-510-435-8234 >> > skype: kcoylenet >> > >> > >> >> >> > > > > -- Karen Coyle kcoyle@kcoyle.net http://kcoyle.net ph: 1-510-540-7596 m: 1-510-435-8234 skype: kcoylenet
Received on Sunday, 6 March 2011 23:21:22 UTC