- From: Johannes Busse <busse@ontoprise.de>
- Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2009 16:13:00 +0100
- To: Christophe Dupriez <christophe.dupriez@destin.be>
- CC: Alistair Miles <alistair.miles@zoo.ox.ac.uk>, Stephen Bounds <km@bounds.net.au>, "public-esw-thes@w3.org" <public-esw-thes@w3.org>
Hi SKOS editors,
today I realized a IMHO severe naming issue in the SKOS schema w.r.t.
skos:broader and skos:broaderTransitive.
My own understandig always was
Christophe Dupriez wrote:
> +- skos:broader (N1)
> | |
> | +— skos:broaderTransitive
My translation of the N1 visualization into First Order Logic:
skos:broaderTransitive(X,Z) <-
skos:broaderTransitive(X,Y) AND skos:broaderTransitive (Y,Z).
and according to th RDF subproperty axioms:
skos:broader(X,Y) <-
skos:broaderTransitive(X,Y).
BUT
http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/WD-skos-reference-20080829/#L4160
suggests in fact:
Christophe Dupriez wrote:
> +- skos:broaderTransitive
> | |
> | +— skos:broader
This visualization is coherent to your normal language explanation (c.f.
WD-skos-reference-20080829/#L4160 )of skos:broaderTransitive.
*Both are pretty confusing* (if not wrong, see below), because IMO it is
contrary to common naming policies in ontology engineering: You are
mixing up the intension and extension of a property.
In detail: Concatenating a term (i.e. the string "transitive") to the
name of a property (here: "has_broader") normally indicates that this
term adds an additional characteristic (here: being transitive) to this
property. It follows that the extension of the more restricted property
is a proper subset of the extension of the less restricted property
(which is the def of being a subproperty).
The implicit policy behind that naming convention is that a speaking
object ID (like skos:class, skos:broader etc.) describes informally the
respective object, here: the property skos:broaderTransitive. This means
that a string like "Transitive" normally is understood being an informal
description of an additional characteristics, i.e. the *intension* of
the property.
This habitus of interpreting substrings of an ontology object ID also
corresponds with other class naming conventiones, like
- horse
+ horseBlack (a horse which is black)
. horseBlackMale (a horse which is black and male)
+ whiteHorse
According to this habitus an ontology engineer would expect to have
- broader
+ broaderTransitive (a broader relation which is transitive)
+ broaderTransitiveIrreflexive (... and irreflexive)
What you in SKOS are doing: You are identifying the name of the property
skos:relatedTransitive with the *inferrable extension* of the property.
"Note especially that, by convention, skos:broader and skos:narrower are
only used to assert immediate (i.e. direct) hierarchical links between
two SKOS concepts. By convention, skos:broaderTransitive and
skos:narrowerTransitive are not used to make assertions, but are instead
used only to draw inferences."
This convention is strange; I'd not concede such a convention. What you
have defined here:
- skos:relatedTransitive
(pairs X,Y that are related by assertion *or* inference)
- skos:related
pairs X,Y that are related (only) by assertion
Transferred to the horse example above this would read as:
- horseBlackMale : Things that are horses or black or male
- horseBlack : Things that are horses or black
- horse : Things that are horses
Of course you are free to define such a semantics. But you should know
that this definition IMHO is *very* error prone and will lead to severe
misunderstandings and problems in the future.
... Hm, and looking up the SPEC again:
http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/WD-skos-reference-20080829/skos.html#broaderTransitive
claims that skos:broaderTransitive should be transitive (which means
that all subproperties are also transitive). Thus N1 holds, and the
visualization plus the explanation in #L4160 is inconsistent with the
schema.
?
yours
Johannes
--
Dr. Johannes Busse, Senior Researcher
An der RaumFabrik 29, D-76227 Karlsruhe
Reg. Office: Karlsruhe, Amtsger. Mannheim, HRB 109540
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mailto:busse@ontoprise.de | mobile x49(163) 509 80-62
Received on Friday, 13 February 2009 15:09:04 UTC