Re: ISSUE-2095 (soft-light blend mode): Algorithm for soft-light blend mode [Module: Filters]

So I've spent the day looking up the bled-mode formulas, implementing
them and testing them against various applications to make sure
they're correct. It turns out that not only soft-light, but also
color-dodge and color-burn are incorrect. I'll post the correct
versions, taken from the ISO32000 PDF specification at
http://www.adobe.com/devnet/acrobat/pdfs/PDF32000_2008.pdf and adapted
to the syntax used in the SVG spec:

Color Dodge:
if Sca == Sa and Dca == 0
    Dca' = Sca.(1 - Da) + Dca.(1 - Sa)
otherwise if Sca == Sa
  Dca' = Sa.Da + Sca.(1 - Da) + Dca.(1 - Sa)
otherwise
  Dca' = Da.Sa. min (Dca / Da / (1 - Sca/Sa))
Note that the first term is not part of the PDF, but implemented by
all PDF applications.

Color Burn:
if Sca. == 0 and Dca == Da
  Dca' = SaDa + Sca.(1 - Da) + Dca.(1 - Sa)
otherwise if Sca == 0
  Dca' = Sca.(1 - Da) + Dca.(1 - Sa)
otherwise
  Dca' = Sa.Da.(1 - min (1, (1 - Dca/Da).Sa / Sca)) + Sca.(1 - Da) +
Dca.(1 - Sa)
Again the first term is not part of the specification, but implemented
by PDF applications.

Soft Light:
if (2.Sca <= Sa)
  Dca' = Dca.(Sa - (1 - Dca/Da).(2.Sca - Sa)) + Sca.(1 - Da) + Dca.(1 - Sa)
otherwise if Dca.4 <= Da
  Dca' = Dca.(Sa + (2.Sca - Sa).((16.Dca/Da - 12).Dca/Da + 3) + Sc.(1
- Da) + Dca.(1 - Sa)
otherwise
  Dca' = (Dca.Sa + (SQRT (Dca/Da).Da - Dca).(2.Sca - Sa)) + Sca.(1 -
Da) + Dca.(1 - Sa)

For more details about my experiments and wich apps I tested, see
http://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/cairo/2008-October/015362.html

Cheers,
Benjamin


On Thu, Oct 9, 2008 at 12:22 PM, Alex Danilo <alex@abbra.com> wrote:
> Hi Benjamin,
>
>
>        In that case you should use that as the definitive formula.
> As I said, we had to try to work it out by help of others reverse
> engineering work. A pixel by pixel comparison of all input values
> against the PDF viewer should be used to verify that it's correct.
>
>        _But_, as I said before we had to extend the formulas
> to take into account alpha. There's no alpha in the formulas
> you quoted, so you will need to derive the correct formulas
> based on source and destination alpha to give the correct
> result for the general case. Opaque blends are just a subset
> of what is needed.
>
> Alex
>
> --Original Message--:
>>Adobe has published the blend modes used in PDF at
>>http://www.adobe.com/devnet/pdf/pdfs/blend_modes.pdf
>>It defines soft-light as
>>
>>if (Sc <= 0.5)
>>  Dc' = Dc - (1 - 2.Sc).Dc.(1-Dc)
>>otherwise
>>  Dc' = Dc + (2.Sc - 1) . (F(Dc) - Dc)
>>
>>with
>>if (x <= 0.25)
>>  F(x) = ((16.x - 12).x + 4).x
>>otherwise
>>  F(x) = x
>>
>>which is slightly different from the formula you presented.
>>It is also easier to implement as it doesn't involve square roots.
>>
>>Cheers,
>>Benjamin
>>
>>
>>On Thu, Oct 9, 2008 at 6:30 AM, Alex Danilo <alex@abbra.com> wrote:
>>>
>>> Hi All,
>>>
>>> --Original Message--:
>>>>ISSUE-2095 (soft-light blend mode): Algorithm for soft-light blend mode [Module: Filters]
>>>>
>>>>http://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG/WG/track/issues/2095
>>>>
>>>>Raised by: Doug Schepers
>>>>On product: Module: Filters
>>>>
>>>>Benjamin Otte
>>>><http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-svg/2008Oct/0029.html>:
>>>>[[
>>>>I'm in the process of implementing bend modes in the Cairo imaging
>>>>library[1]. As Cairo is used as the renderer for a wide variety of
>>>>formats, I wanted to have an as comprehensive list of blend modes as
>>>>possible. And it turns out that the blend mode algorithms used are
>>>>almost always equal. However, there is one exception: soft-light. The
>>>>latest SVG draft specifies a different algorithm than PDF.
>>>>
>>>>So I was wondering if it was possible to change the algorithm in SVG
>>>>to match the one of PDF, as that would solve a lot of problems.
>>>>]]
>>>
>>> If there is a discrepancy it is a mistake.
>>>
>>> While I was working on this, we had to deduce the functions from various
>>> sources, since the equations were not  published. The starting point was
>>> some Japanese site that had reverse engineered the equations from
>>> looking at Photoshop. We extended the base equations to include
>>> alpha correctly.
>>>
>>> These were always supposed to be compatible with PDF.
>>>
>>> Implementing this showed up bugs in compatibility which were fixed
>>> but probably never made it out to the spec. I believe the correct equations
>>> are:
>>>
>>> if 2.Sca < Sa
>>>   Dca' = Dca.(Sa + (1 - Dca/Da).(2.Sca - Sa)) + Sca.(1 - Da) + Dca.(1 - Sa)
>>>  otherwise if 8.Dca <= Da
>>>   Dca' = Dca.(Sa + (1 - Dca/Da).(2.Sca - Sa).(3 - 8.Dca/Da)) + Sca.(1 - Da) + Dca.(1 - Sa)
>>>  otherwise
>>>   Dca' = (Dca.Sa + ((Dca/Da)^(0.5).Da - Dca).(2.Sca - Sa)) + Sca.(1 - Da) + Dca.(1 - Sa)
>>>
>>>  Da'  = Sa + Da - Sa.Da
>>>
>>> which is different to what is in the latest published spec. Adobe had an action to
>>> check the equations many years ago which was never acted on. Hopefully the
>>> above equation is what you expected, if not please point us to the references that
>>> are causing issues for you.
>>>
>>> Thanks,
>>> Alex
>>>
>>>
>>
>>
>
>

Received on Thursday, 9 October 2008 21:02:45 UTC