- From: Jim Farrugia <jim@spatial.maine.edu>
- Date: Tue, 13 Aug 2002 11:18:14 -0400 (EDT)
- To: "Peter F. Patel-Schneider" <pfps@research.bell-labs.com>
- cc: www-rdf-logic@w3.org
Peter,
The longer one.
Thanks for your replies.
Jim
JF: > 3. is an inference based on the axiomatic semantics valid if and only
if the inference is valid using the model-theoretic semantics, and how
can this be shown?
P P-S: The general idea is to define a logic (or representation formalism)
in terms of a syntax and a model theory. Then one shows that aproof
theory or axiomatization is sound (anything provable is an entailment)
and/or complete (any entailment is provable) with respect to the model
theory.
JF: OK, let's see....
1) what is the right way to get at the question whether the DAML+OIL
axiomatic semantics "gives us the same thing" as the DAML+OIL
model-theoretic semantics? Does it make sense to try to ask such
a question, or is it a case of apples and oranges?
On the one hand, the model-theoretic semantics says: "The semantics is
specified via mappings from syntactic structures to constraints on
semantic structures. ... A semantic structure <AD,IC,IO,IR> is a
model for the DAML+OIL ontology if the constraints resulting from the
mappings from the ontology are true in the structure."
On the other hand, the axiomatic semantics says: "the logical theory
produced by the mapping specified herein of a set of such descriptions
is logically equivalent to the intended meaning of that set of
descriptions."
These are the two notions I'm trying to harmonize.
They both seem to be saying, "OK, let's first agree on the syntactic
constructions we are using." Then, ...
The model-theoretic semantics seems to say, "Any structure
in which the specified semantic constraints hold true has captured
the meaning of our language. In effect, we define the semantics
associated with the syntactic elements of our language by creating
mappings from these syntactic elements to set-theoretical structures
and then saying that language statements (once they undergo the
appropriate mapping and are considered as saying something about
the set-theoretic structure) that result true in these
structures define the meaning of the syntactic constructs used
in the language statements."
The axiomatic semantics seems to be saying, "We believe that our
axioms and any inferences you can draw from them are a faithful
rendering of what we intend should be the meaning of our syntactic
constructs."
So, both kinds of semantics set up conditions that constrain the
sanctioned meanings of the syntactic constructs.
The model-theoretic account specifies meanings through a collection
of mappings from syntactic constructs into a set-theoretic
structure and associated satisfaction relations for that structure,
declaring that any structure following these mappings and evaluating
satisfaction in the specified way defines the semantics of the language.
The axiomatic account seems more open ended in that it seems to say:
(after we translate the language to a particular logic), if
the syntactic elements obey all the axioms we lay out, then the
semantics of the language is defined by what is claimed by these
axioms and whatever can be inferred from these axioms.
Is this account accurate/plausible? How would you change it?
And the question remains: how we can know that the two formulations
"give us the same thing"? If the axioms and inferences of the
axiomatic semantics hold true in the models of the model-theoretic
semantics? ???
Received on Tuesday, 13 August 2002 11:25:50 UTC