- From: Robert Neff <rneff@bbnow.net>
- Date: Fri, 26 Jan 2001 15:29:49 -0600
- To: "Matt May" <mcmay@bestkungfu.com>, "Lisa Seeman" <seeman@netvision.net.il>, "WAI" <w3c-wai-gl@w3.org>
Here is an excerpt from my presentation at www8 in Toronto. The text speaks to the powerpoint slide, which I need to locate and post. This is somewhat dataed but the process is still good. Note need to update this to add CSS Validator. 4. LIFE CYCLE DEVELOPMENT To build a Universally Accessible web site, here is an outline of the life cycle development process the web designer, coder, content manager, graphic artist or team can use. The foundation for any universally accessible web site is the guidelines. The World Wide Web Consortium's Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI) has published the Web Content Guidelines for people to use - these are free! On the WAI web site you will also find the List of Checkpoints. Should you have questions, the Web Accessibility Initiative provides an Interest Group or forum for discussion on issues relating to Web accessibility, particularly issues related to WAI activities. Universal accessibility incorporates usability and universal design. So when building a web page or web application, accessibility problems or other design, errors can be greatly reduced before the web page or site is released to the public. This is accomplished by applying quality assurance to check the concept, syntax and code; layout, navigation, and graphics; and acceptance testing on multiple browsers and users. Quality assurance incorporates internal or external reviews or peer reviews, and applying third party tools. For example, CAST's Bobby for an accessibility check, W3C's HTML to validate the code and StarBase's StarSweeper to check for ALT Tags, Title's, Height and Width, build an image library from the web site and other quality assurance functions. Unit or Acceptance testing can be accomplished on multiple browsers to ensure the information is conveyed and there are no navigation or site usage problems. For example, here is a simple process to follow in order to build a universally accessible web page or web applications: * Define the audience, business requirements and rules, objectives, and timeline with the user. * Determine resources, schedule, and sketch the process with a flowchart. * Determine the design requirements and approach; refer to the Web Content Guidelines and internal design documents. * Design the web site or web application. * Design Review with the customer to ensure the design is what they envisioned. * QUALITY ASSURANCE. The web coder or programmer would then conduct a Quality Assurance review by using Bobby; and a HTML code validator and one or a combination of the following tools or methodologies: content review; preview on Lynx, a text based browser; multiple browsers and versions (Internet Explorer 3 and 4, Netscape Navigator 3, 4.x, and Opera); voice-based web browser (pwWebSpeak), and screen readers (WIN Vision and Jaws For Windows), Palm devices, StarBase's StarSweeper and WebSite Garage. Other items that can be checked are, does the page print properly in black and white and color? Can the all print and graphics be read? * UNIT TEST. The coder or programmer tests compliance to the business requirements. For example, test to ensure the e-mail functions and the message is received by the recipient, forms are tested and data checked, links are tested. Usability testing can be either simple or more formal. Users who are not associated with the design can conduct this or an independent third party can provide a review of the design concept. If the design uses queries or updates to modify or retrieve information from the database, then this will need to be tested. The coder can develop scenarios using a spreadsheet to document the process, more commonly referred to as a script. There are also automated testing tools that will record your script and play it back anytime or simulate different browsers. These tests serve as a baseline for the design criteria and also can document the expected results. * Acceptance Test. This is formal acceptance by the customer of the product you designed as based upon customer requirements and a test plan. This procedure can be either a simple checklist or a more formal document if it is part a more business critical function. The above process is shown below using a flowchart, see Figure 1 Life Cycle Development. The keys to any project using the life cycle development approach are the business rules, the technical and functional design reviews, and tracking the project using a scheduling tool. This flowchart describes the major tasks as identifying the project, requirement definition, test plan, site design, quality assurance, unit test, and acceptance testing is started. Once requirement definition is complete then two tasks can start, requirements definition and the test plan. Before the design is moved between the major tasks, the code can be baselined and submitted to configuration management or an automated configuration management tool could be used to manage the code. At this point the project lead and/or customer also review the design. If the design fails the review, then a corrective action report is issued and rework begins to correct the discrepancy. If the design passes and the customer is satisfied, then design moves to the next task. When the unit test and the test plan are complete, then acceptance testing can begin. If the acceptance test fails, then a corrective action report is issued and rework begins to correct the discrepancy. If the project passes and the customer is satisfied, then project is promoted to production, which can involve alpha or beta test. Each major task has inputs that can be used as a metric or requirement and the inputs to: Requirements definition are business rules; scope and definition; allocation of resources, timeline and budget; design requirements, guidelines, and flow chart; database design and schema: and, security. Site Design which includes web applications and database are content, usability, graphics, layout, HTML or CSS, web application development, email, forms, and banners. Quality Assurance are content review; Bobby; layout; code validator; view on lynx, pwWebSpeak, multiple graphical browsers and versions; review and use email and forms; print in black and white, and color; and spell check. Unit Test are use cases, test scripts, test web applications and database. Test Plan are test environment involves use cases, test criteria, and test scripts; and test such as usability, performance, functional, regression, and/or load, which incorporates concurrent users. Requirement management and traceability requirements are the cornerstone of any successful project. Each time there is a change to the requirement or there is a schedule slippage, then the dependencies and constraints must be reviewed.
Received on Friday, 26 January 2001 16:27:58 UTC