- From: pat hayes <phayes@ai.uwf.edu>
- Date: Wed, 5 Mar 2003 10:05:46 -0500
- To: Tim Berners-Lee <timbl@w3.org>
- Cc: Frank Manola <fmanola@mitre.org>, w3c-rdfcore-wg@w3.org
>(with apologies, a message delayed for a few days, while my laptop >was repaired) > > >>I don't necessarily mean to suggest that we go back through all >>this again, but the pertinent threads where we discussed this were >>places like the following, in case anyone wants to go through the >>archives (including de re/de dicto, Superman, and the whole nine >>yards): >> >>http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/w3c-rdfcore-wg/2002Jan/0157.html > >A thread which argues philosophically about the identity of URIs but does not >discuss allowed entailments. > >There was a lack of test case. One test case is whether (writing = >for daml:equivelentTo) >the following is a valid entailment: > >:Superman = :ClarkeKent. >Lois :believes :s . >:s rdf:subject :Superman . >:s rdf:predicate rdf:type. >:s rdf:object :Strongman. >_________________________ >Lois :believes :s . >:s rdf:subject : ClarkeKent . >:s rdf:predicate rdf:type. >:s rdf:object :Strongman. > >This follows from a current axiom of = that > >{ ?x ?p ?y. ?y = ?z } => { ?x ?p ?z }. > >This settles the question as to whether quoting would matter or not. >Clearly quoting solves the problem. It stops the bad inference, indeed. But it stops it utterly. For example, consider what Lois eventually finds out, when she discovers that ClarkeKent really *is* Superman. Now you want to be able to do equality reasoning on this part of her beliefs, but howre you gonna do it? You don't want to say that Lois believes that ":Superman" = ":ClarkeKent" because she hasn't lost her ability to distinguish different character strings. She has just come to realize that two different strings denote the same thing, a fact that is best described with an equation which *uses* the strings: :Superman = :ClarkeKent The difference being that although this was always true, now Lois actually believes it. What you really want to be able to do is to describe Lois' beliefs, to see the world from her point of view, without getting that muddled up with the way the world actually is. This requires some kind of scoping mechanism, such as a modality, to separate beliefs from facts. Then there is a clear difference between saying CK = Sup and saying that Lois believes( CK = Sup) , and the general point of view is that If you use quotation to express beliefs, then you do indeed have an insurance against inappropriate de re inferences, but you are unable to express actual de re beliefs properly. So quotation is a very blunt tool for handling propositional attitudes. Pat -- --------------------------------------------------------------------- IHMC (850)434 8903 or (650)494 3973 home 40 South Alcaniz St. (850)202 4416 office Pensacola (850)202 4440 fax FL 32501 (850)291 0667 cell phayes@ai.uwf.edu http://www.coginst.uwf.edu/~phayes s.pam@ai.uwf.edu for spam
Received on Wednesday, 5 March 2003 10:06:04 UTC