- From: Yves Raimond <yves.raimond@gmail.com>
- Date: Tue, 15 Jun 2010 19:23:38 +0100
- To: Antoine Zimmermann <antoine.zimmermann@deri.org>
- Cc: Bob Ferris <zazi@elbklang.net>, Kurt J <kurtjx@gmail.com>, Linked Data community <public-lod@w3.org>, Semantic Web <semantic-web@w3.org>, pedantic-web@googlegroups.com
Hello! >> >> >>> owl:Class is defined as a subclass of rdfs:Class *in the OWL >>> specifications*. The RDF/RDFS specification does not say anything about >>> owl:Class. So, from a pure RDFS perspective, owl:Class has as much >>> meaning >>> as, e.g., xyz:abc. The fact that someone defines *somewhere* that >>> xyz:abc >>> is a subclass of rdfs:Class is irrelevant from a pure RDFS system point >>> of >>> view. As I said in my example, a SPARQL query would not be able to >>> retrieve >>> the OWL classes or properties that are not directly asserted as RDFS >>> classes >>> or properties (unless the SPARQL engine implements part of the OWL spec, >>> which is rarely the case). >>> >>> Now, that's a small issue but there is no disadvantage of putting the >>> additional types, as far as I know. >> >> Frankly, I don't think this is something we need to change. Yes, the >> rdfs:subClassOf is in the OWL specification, so what? If you follow >> your nose, you'll end up in the RDFS world, so that's OK. > > There is nothing wrong with not writing rdfs:Class (similarly to "there is > nothing wrong in writing webpages in HTML 4.01 as opposed to XHTML"). I > only point out that rdfs:Class (and rdf:Property) allows you to play nicely > with RDF/RDFS tools, such as SPARQL (similarly to "XHTLM plays nicely with > XML tools"). Can you explain what you mean by "such as SPARQL" here? It looks to me like it's a completely orthogonal issue. You can plug some reasoning behind a SPARQL end-point. It's a bit like saying "you can't use views in relational databases if you want to use SQL" :-) > > You can obviously choose to ignore this, for various reasons. But here, the > changes are so simple that I don't see any problem in adding it. May you can > tell me where is the problem? > > As an example, consider the following SPARQL query: > > SELECT ?classOrProp WHERE { > {?classOrProp a rdfs:Class .} UNION {?classOrProp a rdf:Property .} > > most standard SPARQL implementations would return no result at all when > evaluated against the Similarity ontology (or the Music Ontology). SPARQL > engines have to implement simple graph matching but have no obligation to > implement any entailment regime. In practice, there are extremely few SPARQL > engines that go beyond simple RDF and I'm not aware of any implementation of > SPARQL with built-in OWL entailment. Moreover, some Linked Data people are > not very concerned about OWL entailment and advocate the use of simple > RDF/RDFS modelling and tool usage. Yet, they want to take advantage of the > RDFS underlying an OWL ontology. Let us give them what they want (at almost > no extra cost). So, if I follow your reasoning to the end, are you suggesting that *every* inferrable triples should be added to the spec (not only rdfs:Class, but also all others triples inferred by following rdfs:subClassOf links, or rdfs:subPropertyOf, owl:inverseOf, owl:equivalentClass etc)? Or to any Linked Data sources out there, e.g. all triples inferred by following an owl:sameAs link? If so, even if you limit yourself to RDFS entailment, you're on quite a big job! I think it's reasonable to assume that RDF publishers don't want to assume this kind of responsibility. I agree that the different reasoning capabilities of different tools is an issue, but it's a much wider issue than the one you're highlighting here. Cheers, y > > > FYI, please notice that FOAF is defining all its classes and properties with > both the OWL vocabulary *and* the RDFS vocabulary. > I actually started to realise the interest of such practice because I was > wondering why there was these two Class types. > > > Cheers, > AZ. > >> >>> >>>>> >>> [...skip...] >>> >>>>>> ===== >>>>>> 4) musim:distance and musim:weight >>>>>> ===== >>>>>> I notice that you are defining two datatype properties with multiple >>>>>> range >>>>>> restriction: >>>>>> >>>>>> :distance a owl:DatatypeProperty; >>>>>> rdfs:range xsd:float; >>>>>> rdfs:range xsd:int; >>>>>> rdfs:range xsd:double . >>>>>> >>>>>> and >>>>>> >>>>>> :weight a owl:DatatypeProperty; >>>>>> rdfs:range xsd:float; >>>>>> rdfs:range xsd:int; >>>>>> rdfs:range xsd:double . >>>>>> >>>>>> I'm quite sure that it is not what you intend to mean and I imagine >>>>>> that you >>>>>> would like to say that the weight or the distance can be either a >>>>>> float, a >>>>>> double or an int. Here you actually specify that the distance and the >>>>>> weight of something is necessarily a float, a int and a double at the >>>>>> same >>>>>> time. >>>>>> >>>>>> Furthermore, the OWL spec [1] says that: >>>>>> >>>>>> """As specified in XML Schema [XML Schema Datatypes], the value >>>>>> spaces of >>>>>> xsd:double, xsd:float, and xsd:decimal are pairwise disjoint.""" >>>>>> >>>>>> This implies that :distance and :weight are in fact empty relations >>>>>> since it >>>>>> is impossible to have a value which is both a float and a double. >>>>>> Using >>>>>> :distance or :weight in the predicate position of any triple would >>>>>> make the >>>>>> knowledge base inconsistent. >>>>>> >>>>>> If you want to say that a distance or weight has to be in *one of* >>>>>> the three >>>>>> datatypes, you should rather say: >>>>>> >>>>>> :weight a owl:DatatypeProperty, rdf:Property; >>>>>> rdfs:range [ owl:unionOf ( xsd:float xsd:int xsd:double ) ] . >> >> Yes, you're right - it should be an union, not an interesection. >> >>>>>> >>>>>> However, I feel unsatisfied by this because it is slightly >>>>>> overconstraining. >>>>>> Why not allow xsd:decimal or even owl:real as well? Or untyped >>>>>> literals >>>>>> such as: >>>>>> >>>>>> ex:a :distance "1879.42" . >>>>>> >>>>>> I imagine that the value for such a distance will be computed >>>>>> automatically >>>>>> and the programme which does it will ensure that it is indeed a >>>>>> number. >>>>>> >>>>> >>>>> another rookie mistake i'm afraid! i think leaving the rdfs: range >>>>> unspecified perhaps makes the most sense - yes it is a common >>>>> occurence to get a "NaN" distance in audio signal based similarity and >>>>> other similarity calculations. >>>> >>>> Here the issue is that the programme, which computes the number, knows >>>> of course that it is a number, but the reason to define it at least as a >>>> kind of number is for reusing this values. >>>> I'm somehow satisfied with the restriction rdfs:range [ owl:unionOf ( >>>> xsd:float xsd:int xsd:double ) ], because it is a well-defined range, >>>> which expresses that the values are number. I can't really imagine other >>>> values that are might used here. The XSD namespace is a kind of best >>>> practice for defining the Datatypes. >>> >>> Reusing the value would be straightforward. In practice, the value will >>> be >>> computed in such a way that it is a number (or maybe "NaN", if relevant) >>> and >>> will most likely be given a datatype. In the end, the data will contain >>> something like: >>> >>> ex:sim :distance "389.009"^^xsd:float . >>> >>> There is no problem reusing this value, regardless of the range >>> definition. >>> However, *if* the range constraint is maintained as you suggest, the >>> following triples would be each individually inconsistent wrt the >>> ontology: >>> >>> ex:sim :distance "389.009" . >>> ex:sim :distance "NaN" . >>> ex:sim :distance "389.009"^^xsd:decimal . >>> ex:sim :distance "389.009"^^owl:real . >>> ex:sim :distance "0fb7"^^xsd:hexBinary . >>> ex:sim :distance "6z2b76aa"^^xsd:base64Binary . >>> >>> Yet, it's easy to make a programme that deals equally well with all these >>> values, whereas it is difficult to ensure that everybody will use the >>> three >>> datatypes mentioned in the range assertion. >>> >>> In the absence of range assertion, such values as: >>> >>> ex:sim :distance "very similar" . >>> ex:sim :distance "+++"^^xsd:string . >>> >>> would be consistent wrt the ontology but they can be simply ignored by >>> any >>> programme using these values. In the presence of the range assertion, >>> these >>> triples would be inconsistent wrt the ontology, but this does not prevent >>> anybody from writing them, so they would have to be dealt with somehow >>> too. >>> >> >> This discussion reminds me a bit of >> http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/InterpretationProperties.html. >> I don't think there's anything wrong with either approach. It is >> perfectly ok to put such a range constraint in the ontology. When >> building an aggregator of MuSim data, it is much easier to know what >> to expect (and what to eventually reject - in case it is inconsistent >> wrt the ontology) rather than committing to support all possible >> datatypes! On the other hand, it's fine to leave it open - you gain in >> flexibility. >> >> Kind regards, >> y > > > -- > Antoine Zimmermann > Post-doctoral researcher at: > Digital Enterprise Research Institute > National University of Ireland, Galway > IDA Business Park > Lower Dangan > Galway, Ireland > antoine.zimmermann@deri.org > http://vmgal34.deri.ie/~antzim/ >
Received on Tuesday, 15 June 2010 18:24:11 UTC