[whatwg/fetch] Partition Blob URL fetches by Storage Key (PR #1783)

Partition Blob URL fetches by Storage Key

This change updates the spec to partition Blob URL fetches by Storage Key. This change is part of broader changes discussed in https://github.com/w3c/FileAPI/issues/153#issuecomment-2330085478. Specifically, we will also:
 - Partition Blob URL revocation by storage key - https://github.com/w3c/FileAPI/pull/201
 - Enforce noopener when a cross-top-level-site Blob URL is window.opened - TODO

I considered incorporating the Storage Key checks into the "resolve a blob URL" algorithm instead, but it seemed that this would require an environment settings object to be available as part of https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#url-parsing, and I'm not sure whether that is the case / a change we want.

- [x] At least two implementers are interested (and none opposed):
   * Firefox has already implemented this - https://github.com/w3c/FileAPI/issues/153#issuecomment-2332288047
   * Safari has implemented partitioning Blob URL fetches by top-level origin and is considering partitioning them by a site-based Storage Key (Storage Key specifics TBD) - https://github.com/w3c/FileAPI/issues/153#issuecomment-2332086739
- [x] [Tests](https://github.com/web-platform-tests/wpt) are written and can be reviewed and commented upon at:
   * https://chromium-review.googlesource.com/c/chromium/src/+/5967596
- [ ] [Implementation bugs](https://github.com/whatwg/meta/blob/main/MAINTAINERS.md#handling-pull-requests) are filed:
   * Chromium: https://crbug.com/40057646
   * Gecko: TODO
   * WebKit: TODO
   * Deno (not for CORS changes): TODO
- [ ] [MDN issue](https://github.com/whatwg/meta/blob/main/MAINTAINERS.md#handling-pull-requests) is filed: TODO
- [x] The top of this comment includes a [clear commit message](https://github.com/whatwg/meta/blob/main/COMMITTING.md) to use. <!-- If you created this PR from a single commit, Github copied its message. Otherwise, you need to add a commit message yourself. -->

(See [WHATWG Working Mode: Changes](https://whatwg.org/working-mode#changes) for more details.)


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You can view, comment on, or merge this pull request online at:

  https://github.com/whatwg/fetch/pull/1783

-- Commit Summary --

  * Partition Blob URL fetches by Storage Key
  * Fix formatting per the style guide
  * Fix build and formatting
  * Add name to Acknowledgements section

-- File Changes --

    M fetch.bs (50)

-- Patch Links --

https://github.com/whatwg/fetch/pull/1783.patch
https://github.com/whatwg/fetch/pull/1783.diff

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