[w3c/permissions] Add another permission state "positive" or "granted last time"? (Issue #414)

In browsers that support non-persisted permissions, or maybe doesn't support persisted ones, `"granted"` isn't always attainable.

In these browsers, the strongest available positive signal is that the user granted access last time. But the permissions API doesn't seem to care about past non-persisted `"granted"` permissions. Maybe it should?

A `"positive"` or `"granted last time"` value might help a site optimize its UX for returning users, or think about the problem.

An example from https://github.com/w3c/mediacapture-main/issues/928:

Most video conferencing sites offer a smoother user experience to returning Chrome users than to returning users in other browsers, because they basically ignore past non-persisted permissions entirely. IOW, that users in Safari or Firefox granted camera last time they used the site, and the time before that, counts for nothing ... Anything short of "granted" persisted permission is ignored, and seems treated as a user retraining problem.

As mentioned in that issue, mediacapture-main might be able to work around this with a MAY return `"granted"` in place of `"prompt"` for web compat with persisted-permission browsers, if the site isn't passing in a [deviceId](https://w3c.github.io/mediacapture-main/#dom-devicepermissiondescriptor-deviceid). But a cleaner solution would be nicer long-term.

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