[w3c/manifest] Adding the webapp's badge to the manifest (#480)

I'd like to propose adding a `badge` property to the Manifest.

Authors would use this property to indicate a small icon that should be used to represent their webapp in space constrained locations, for example the status bar of a mobile device. Such badges are consistently displayed differently from regular icons, so using the smallest `icons` value (or a favicon for that matter) does not seem appropriate.

Today, both Chrome and Firefox show their respective logos in the status bar when showing a notification. This portrays no information to the user other regarding the source of the notification.

Web Notifications have a property called `badge` [(spec)](https://notifications.spec.whatwg.org/#badge-url) in which the developer can provide their own icon, but this is still significantly constrained by platform limitations (only ~13% of Android users have the necessary platform support).

In addition, there are various situations in which the browser shows notifications on behalf of the webapp.

Allowing authors to specify their webapp's badge in the manifest enables a more consistent experience for such browser-level notifications. Knowing which icon to badge notifications with at installation time makes it possible to work around these platform limitations, too.

Thoughts?

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