H - Z from Helle

H - Z from Helle:
H

I

Image Map [WCAG10] [WCAG20] 
An image that has been divided into regions with associated actions.
Clicking on an active region causes an action to occur. When a user clicks
on an active region of a client-side image map, the user agent calculates in
which region the click occurred and follows the link associated with that
region. Clicking on an active region of a server-side image map causes the
coordinates of the click to be sent to a server, which then performs some
action. Content developers can make client-side image maps accessible by
providing device-independent access to the same links associated with the
image map's regions. Client-side image maps allow the user agent to provide
immediate feedback as to whether or not the user's pointer is over an active
region.

Inaccessible Markup

Insertion Point, Current Insertion Point [UAAG10] (Normative) 2001-02-03 
The insertion point is the location where document editing takes place. The
insertion point may be set by the user (e.g., by a pointing device or the
keyboard editing keys) or through an application programming interface
(API). A viewport has at most one logical insertion point. When several
viewports co-exist, each may have an insertion point, but only one is
active, called the current insertion point. 
Note: Graphical user agents that render bidirectional text may render the
insertion point at two locations on the screen. Often, the cursor is shown
as split into an upper half and a lower half. The insertion point is
generally rendered specially (on the screen, by a vertical bar or similar
cursor)

Interactive Elements, Non-interactive Element [UAAG10] (Normative)
2003-03-04 
An interactive element is piece of content that, by specification, may have
associated behaviors to be executed or carried out as a result of user or
programmatic interaction. For instance, the interactive elements of HTML 4
[HTML4] include: links, image maps, form elements, elements with a value for
the longdesc attribute, and elements with event handlers explicitly
associated with them (e.g., through the various "on" attributes). The role
of an element as an interactive element is subject to applicability. A
non-interactive element is an element that, by format specification, does
not have associated behaviors. The expectation of this document is that
interactive elements become enabled elements in some sessions, and
non-interactive elements never become enabled elements. 

Interoperability [RFC1983] GENERIC 
The ability of software and hardware on multiple machines from multiple
vendors to communicate meaningfully.

J

K

Keyboard Equivalents [HFES] 2001-11-13 
Keys or key combinations that provide access to keyboard functions that are
usually activated by a pointing device, 
voice input, or other input or control mechanisms/devices.

L

Linearized Table [WCAG10] [WCAG20] 
A table rendering process where the contents of the cells become a series of
paragraphs (e.g., down the page) one after another. The paragraphs will
occur in the same order as the cells are defined in the document source.
Cells should make sense when read in order and should include structural
elements (that create paragraphs, headers, lists, etc.) so the page makes
sense after linearization.

Link Text [WCAG10] [WCAG20] ISSUE 

M

Machine Understandable [CC-PP] 2001-03-10 
Data that is described with tags that associate a meaning to the data (i.e.,
an "author" tag would describe the author of the document), allowing data to
be searched or combined and not just displayed

Markup Language 

Metadata

Multimedia Presentation [WCAG10] [WCAG20] 2001-01-11 
A multimedia presentation is a presentation that is not a visual-only,
audio-only, or tactile-only. In a "classic" 
multimedia (e.g., a movie that has sound track or an animation with
accompanying audio, including slide-shows), at least one visual track is
closely synchronized with at least one audio track.

N

Natural Language [WCAG10] [WCAG20] 
Spoken, written, or signed human languages such as French, Japanese,
American Sign Language, and braille. The natural language of content may be
indicated with the "lang" attribute in HTML ( HTML 4.0, section 8.1) and the
"xml:lang" attribute in XML ( XML, section 2.12).

Non-normative [UAAG10] (Normative) 2001-10-17 ISSUE 
See also Normative, Informative 

Non-text Content [WCAG20] 2001-12-10 
See also Normative, Informative 
Non-text content includes images, text in raster images, image map regions,
animations (e.g., animated GIFs), applets and programmatic objects, ascii
art, scripts, images used as list bullets, spacers, graphical buttons,
sounds (played with or without user interaction), stand-alone audio files,
audio tracks of video, and video.

Normative [UAAG10] (Normative) 2003-03-02 
See also Non-normative, Informative 
What is identified as "normative" is required for conformance (noting that
one may conform in a variety of well-defined ways to this document). What is
identified as "informative" (sometimes, "non-normative") is never required
for conformance.

O

Objects [WCAG10] [WCAG20] 2000-12-13 
An object is an identifiable, encapsulated entity that provides one or more
services requested by a client. Objects can refer to the objects in OOP
(object-oriented programming) or the objects in OLE (Object Linking and
Embedding). In object-oriented programming, objects are the things you think
about first in designing a program and they are also the units of code that
are eventually derived from the process. In between, each object is made
into a generic class of object and even more generic classes are defined so
that objects can share models and reuse the class definitions in their code.
Each object is an instance of a particular class or subclass with the
class's own method or procedures and data variable. An object is what
actually runs in the computer. An object can be a spell checker or a piece
of a graphics program used to draw squares or circles. Do you remember the
crazy story people used to try to tell about a word processer where you
could pick all of your favorite pieces (favorite spell checker, grammar
checker, text editor, font manager, etc.) and piece them together to form
the ultimate customizable word processer? Well, those pieces are objects. In
OLE, an object is a piece of a document, a graphic, or some multimedia. In
general multimedia terms, an object is a stored data element, such as a
video clip, an audio file, or a graphic re of an object.

Output Method [WCAG10] [WCAG20] 2001-01-11 ISSUE 
@@

Override [UAAG10] (Normative) 2003-03-02 
In this document, the term "override" means that one configuration or
behavior preference prevails over another. Generally, the requirements of
this document involve user preferences prevailing over author preferences
and user agent default settings and behaviors. Preferences may be
multi-valued in general (e.g., the user prefers blue over red or yellow),
and include the special case of two values (e.g., turn on or off blinking
text content ). 

P

Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) [WCAG10] [WCAG20] 
A PDA is a small, portable computing device. Most PDAs are used to track
personal data such as calendars, contacts, and electronic mail. A PDA is
generally a handheld device with a small screen that allows input from
various sources.

Plug-in [UAAG10] (Normative) 
A plug-in is a program that runs as part of the user agent and that is not
part of content. Users generally choose to include or exclude plug-ins from
their user agent. 

Policy [P3P10] 2001-02-27 
A collection of one or more privacy statements together with information
asserting the identity, URI, assurances, and dispute resolution procedures
of the service covered by the policy.

Presentation Markup [WCAG10] [WCAG20] 2001-02-03 
Presentation markup is markup that achieves a stylistic (rather than
structuring) effect such as the B or I elements in HTML. Note: that the
STRONG and EM elements are not considered markup since they convey
information that is independent of a particular font style.

Q

Query-by-example [WCAG10] [WCAG20]

R

Rendered Content [ATAG10] 01-2001-01-25 
The "rendered content" of an element is that which the element actually
causes to be rendered by the user agent. This may differ from the element's
structural content . For example, some elements cause external data to be
rendered , and in some cases, browsers may render the value of an attribute
(e.g., "alt", "title") in place of the element's content.

S

Scanning Software [PWD-Use-Web] 2001-03-18 
Scanning software is adaptive software used by individuals with some
physical or cognitive disabilities that highlights or announces selection
choices (e.g., menu items, links, phrases) one at a time. A user selects a
desired item by hitting a switch when the desired item is highlighted or
announced.

Screen Magnifier [WCAG10] [WCAG20] 
A software program that magnifies a portion of the screen, so that it can be
more easily viewed. Screen magnifiers are used primarily by individuals with
low vision.

Screen Reader [WCAG10] [WCAG20] 
A software program that reads the contents of the screen aloud to a user.
Screen readers are used primarily by individuals who are blind. Screen
readers can usually only read text that is printed, not painted, to the
screen.

Semantics [WCAG10] [WCAG20] 2001-12-14 
The study of relationships between signs and symbols and what they
represent. In this sense, also called semasiology. semantics n : the study
of language meaning.The meaning of a string in some language, as opposed to
syntax which describes how symbols may be combined independent of their
meaning.

Server-side Scripting [WCAG20] [Script Techniques] 2002-03-18 NCI National
Cancer Institute 
See also Scripting 
Web programming that is carried out on the Web server, as opposed to the
client's computer. Pages programmed with server-side scripting do not
require any special capabilities on the part of the user's computer or
browser.

Simpler-language Alternative [WCAG20] 2001-04-20 
Is comparable information on the same subject which is written at a more
introductory or elementary level.

Speech Synthesis [SSML10] 2003-03-04 
The process of automatic generation of speech output from data input which
may include plain text, formatted text or binary objects.

T

Tab Order [WCAG10] [WCAG20] 
An assistive technology strategy. For people who cannot use a mouse, one
strategy for rapidly scanning through links, headers, list items, or other
structural items on a Web page is to use the tab key to go through the items
in sequence. People who are using screen readers -- whether because they are
blind or dyslexic -- may tab through items on a page, as well as people
using voice recognition

Text Equivalent [WCAG10] [WCAG20] 2001-01-13 
Text is "equivalent" to other content when both fulfill essentially the same
function or purpose upon presentation to the user. Equivalent alternatives
play an important role in accessible authoring practices since certain types
of content may not be accessible to all users (e.g., video, images, audio,
etc.). Authors are encouraged to provide text equivalents for non-text
content since text may be rendered as synthesized speech for individuals who
have visual or learning disabilities, as braille for individuals who are
blind, or as graphical text for individuals who are deaf or do not have a
disability. For more information about equivalent alternatives, please refer
to the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines WCAG 1.0 WCAG 1.0.

Time-dependent Presentation [WCAG10] [WCAG20]

Transcript [ATAG10] 
A "transcript" is a text representation of sounds in an audio clip or an
auditory track of a multimedia presentation. A "collated text transcript"
for a video combines (collates) caption text with text descriptions of video
information (descriptions of the actions, body language, graphics, and scene
changes of the visual track). Collated text transcripts are essential for
individuals who are deaf-blind and rely on braille for access to movies and
other content .

U

User Agent [WCAG10] [WCAG20] 
Software to access Web content, including desktop graphical browsers, text
browsers, voice browsers, mobile phones, multimedia players, plug-ins, and
some software assistive technologies used in conjunction with browsers such
as screen readers, screen magnifiers, and voice recognition software.

V

Voice Browser [PWD-Use-Web] 2001-03-18 
An assistive technology device. Voice browsers are systems which allow
voice-driven navigation, some with both voice-input and voice-output, and
some allowing telephone-based Web access.

Voice-over [not in the WAI glossary, from Helle's dictionary: This special
edition of Collins Cobuild English Dictionary copyright HarperCollins
Publishers Ltd 1995, prepared, printed and distributed with the
authorization of HarperCollins Publishers Ltd. Copyright of the Danish
bilingual edition by Politikens 
Forlag A/S 1999.]
 A voice-over is a commentary or explanation in a film or television
programme which is spoken by someone who is not seen.

W

Web Site [WS-GLOSSARY] 2003-03-02 
A collection of interlinked Web pages, including a host page, residing at
the same network location.

Cheers
Helle
See you later today

Helle Bjarnø
Visual Impairment Knowledge Centre
Rymarksvej 1, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark
Phone: +45 39 46 01 01
fax: +45 39 61 94 14
e-mail hbj@visinfo.dk <mailto:hbj@visinfo.dk> 
Direct phone: +45 39 46 01 04
www.visinfo.dk <www.visinfo.dk> 
www.euroaccessibility.org <www.euroaccessibility.org%20>

Received on Monday, 10 January 2005 14:07:59 UTC