- From: Jim Hendler <hendler@cs.umd.edu>
- Date: Mon, 12 Dec 2005 21:55:07 -0500
- To: Minsu Jang <minsu@etri.re.kr>, W3C RIF WG <public-rif-wg@w3.org>
Ans. > >With rules, it's trivial to describe "uncle" relation in a general way, >with which all the 'uncle' relations between relevant individuals can be >inferred. Take the following OWL sentences and a rule for example. > >ObjectProperty(hasSibling Symmetric) >Class(Human partial > restriction(hasSibling allValuesFrom(Human))) >Class(Man partial Human) >Class(Parent partial > Human > restriction(hasChild someValuesFrom(Human))) >Individual(Sam type(Human)) >Individual(John type(Man)) >Individual(Bob type(Human) value(hasChild Sam) value(hasSibling John)) > >Uncle001: hasUncle(?x,?y) :- hasChild(?z,?x) ^ hasSibling(?z,?y) ^ Man(?y) > >Now, you don't have to enumerate any "uncle" relation instances as they are >derived by the added rule. The above rule can be used to infer that "Sam has >an uncle John", which saves many sentences if it were to be described in OWL >only. Moreover, you don't need all the unnatural tweaks that were introduced >into the OWL ontology to express "uncle" relation. umm, well, yeah sort of - there is an issue that if I tell you Uncle(John, Mary) it is unclear to me that you could conclude from the rules above that hasChild(?z, Mary) (or that it would be inconsistent for Mary to be in a class of people who have no parents) without grounding the assertions (i.e. using some sort of safe reasoning) I'm just trying to get people to be very careful about what they are claiming -- when we move to RL, we need to be careful about what is required for grounding variables (i.e. the rule above would be safe if you made it Uncle001: hasUncle(?x,?y) :- hasChild(?z,?x) ^ hasSibling(?z,?y) ^ Man(?y) ^ Person(?z) ^Person(?y) This open vs. closed world reasoning can get tricky, and even in closed worlds, you have to be careful exactly what you are claiming. -JH -- Professor James Hendler Director Joint Institute for Knowledge Discovery 301-405-2696 UMIACS, Univ of Maryland 301-314-9734 (Fax) College Park, MD 20742 http://www.cs.umd.edu/~hendler (New course: http://www.cs.umd.edu/~hendler/CMSC498w/)
Received on Tuesday, 13 December 2005 02:55:30 UTC