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- Date: Tue, 04 Oct 2005 01:44:22 -0000
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The following page has been changed by GoutamSaha: http://esw.w3.org/topic/its0908LinguisticMarkup ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ For example: for the '''Phrases_Idioms "cats and dogs" in english''' we can markup as - {{{ <sentence_cat name="phrases_idioms" meaning="heavily"> cats and dogs + {{{ <sentence_cat name="phrases_idioms" meaning="heavily"> cats and dogs - </sentence_cat> }}} + </sentence_cat> }}} Such metadata will be of an immense help to localazation process (in order to find an appropriate phrases & idioms in a target language) without @@ -62, +62 @@ " Dumurer (english meaning is Fig's) Fool (english meaning is Flower)" we can markup as - {{{ <sentence_cat name="phrases_idioms" meaning="rarely visible"> + {{{ <sentence_cat name="phrases_idioms" meaning="rarely visible"> Dumurer Fool - </sentence_cat> }}} + </sentence_cat> }}} '''Such metadata is very useful as a semantic markup to a localization process, irrespective of a target language.''' @@ -74, +74 @@ for an example, ""Click Here for Sign Up", - {{{ '''<sentence_cat name="link"> Click Here for Sign Up + {{{ '''<sentence_cat name="link"> __Click Here for Sign Up__ - </sentence_cat>'''}}} + </sentence_cat>'''}}} or, for the link-word say, "Here", we might markup in the following way: + {{{ - {{{<pos_cat name="link"> Here + <pos_cat name="link"> __Here__ - </pos_cat> }}} + </pos_cat> }}} '''For the following Bengali or Bangla dialect sentence''' "Kaam (Kaaj in Bangla or Work in english) Saira Falo (Shesh Koro in @@ -132, +133 @@ '''Background Knowledge for Word-Level Parts-of-Speech Markups:-''' - A verb plays an important role for a word level markup or parts-of-speech. + A '''__verb__''' plays an important role for a word level markup or parts-of-speech. __A verb is a doing word.__ Joining verb is a combination of noun followed by verb. Compound verb is a combination of two verbs. Primary verb can express complete meaning without the need of any other verb. Auxiliary verb helps to express tense, mood and voice. @@ -150, +151 @@ "The Chairman called off the meeting." is a group or phrasal verb. Other examples are: turn up, put on, put off, get down, called on etc. + __'''A noun is a naming word.''' - __''A noun is a naming word.''__ Proper Noun names a specific people or place or + __ __Proper Noun__ names a specific people or place or - thing (e.g. Goutam, Kolkata, India). Common Noun is refers to a class of objects + thing (e.g. Goutam, Kolkata, India). __Common Noun__ is refers to a class of objects - or a concept as opposed to a particular individual (e.g. boy, cow). Collective + or a concept as opposed to a particular individual (e.g. boy, cow). __Collective - Noun is a noun that denotes a group of individuals (e.g. army, assembly, family). + Noun__ is a noun that denotes a group of individuals (e.g. army, assembly, family). - Abstract Noun is a noun that denotes an abstract or intangible concept, such as + __Abstract Noun__ is a noun that denotes an abstract or intangible concept, such as - happiness, envy or joy. Material Noun denotes the matter from which something is + happiness, envy or joy. __Material Noun__ denotes the matter from which something is - or can be made (e.g. cloth, oil). Compound Noun is a noun made up of two or + or can be made (e.g. cloth, oil). __Compound Noun__ is a noun made up of two or more lexemes, such as flowerpot, southeast. Here, nouns are combined into - compound structures.Verbal Noun is a noun which is formed as an inflection of a + compound structures. __Verbal Noun__ is a noun which is formed as an inflection of a verb and partly sharing its constructions, such as smoking in "Smoking is injurious - to health". Numerals include all numbers, whether as words or as digits. They may + to health". __Numerals__ include all numbers, whether as words or as digits. They may - be divided into two major types. CARDINAL Nouns include words like: nought, + be divided into two major types. __CARDINAL__ Nouns include words like: nought, - zero, one, two,fifty-six, a thousand. ORDINAL Number Number include first, 2nd, third, fourth, 500th. Numbers Noun: 20, 567. We classify numerals as a subclass of nouns because in certain circumstances they can take plurals: five twos are ten ; he's in his forties; + zero, one, two,fifty-six, a thousand. __ORDINAL Numbers__ include first, 2nd, third, fourth, 500th. __Numbers Noun__: 20, 567. We classify numerals as a subclass of nouns because in certain circumstances they can take plurals: five twos are ten ; he's in his forties; How many 5s in 20? They may also take the: the third of October ; a product of the 2004s. - Fractional Number Noun: One-half, two-third. (e.g. Four one-fourths make one.) + __Fractional Number__ Noun: One-half, two-third. (e.g. Four one-fourths make one.) - Preceeding Noun of Title:- Dr., Mr., Ms. + __Preceeding Noun of Title__:- Dr., Mr., Ms. - Noun - Unit of Measurement:- K.M., K.G. + __Noun - Unit of Measurement__:- K.M., K.G. - Negative Noun:- He says "no". + __Negative Noun__:- He says "no". - Hyphenated Numbers:- 30-40, 1990-2005. + __Hyphenated Numbers__:- 30-40, 1990-2005. - Following Noun of Title: M.B.A., B.S., M.S., Ph.D. + __Following Noun__ of Title: M.B.A., B.S., M.S., Ph.D. + + '''__Pronouns__:''' + Generally pronouns stand for (pro + noun) or refer to a noun, an individual or + individuals or thing or things. + __Personal Pronouns__ stand for persons or things e.g. I, me, my, you, he, they. + The family of __Demonstrative Pronouns__ (who/which/that/this) behaves as + pronouns. + __The Relative Pronouns__ (who/whoever/which/that) relate groups of words + to nouns or other pronouns (The student who studies hardest usually does the + best.). + __Indefinite Pronouns__ everybody/anybody/somebody/ all/each/every/some/ + none/one) do not substitute for specific nouns but function themselves as nouns + (Everyone is wondering if any is left.). + The __Intensive Pronouns__ (such as myself, yourself, herself, ourselves, + themselves) consist of a personal pronoun plus self or selves and emphasize + a noun. (I myself don't know the answer.) + The __Reflexive Pronouns__(which have the same forms as the intensive + pronouns) indicate that the sentence subject also receives the action of the verb. + (Students who cheat on this quiz are only hurting themselves.) + The __Interrogative Pronouns__ (who/which/what) introduce questions. + (What is that? Who will help me? Which do you prefer?) + The __Reciprocal Pronouns__ are __each other__ and __one another__. They are + convenient forms for combining ideas. (They gave books to each other). == Challenges ==
Received on Tuesday, 4 October 2005 10:43:53 UTC