Re: [css-transforms] matrix interpolation

On Fri, Feb 28, 2014 at 10:17 AM, Benoit Jacob <jacob.benoit.1@gmail.com>wrote:

> As a coincidence, I just wrote to this mailing list to make the same
> complaint and suggestion,
> http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-fx/2014JanMar/0084.html
>
> I've put up a demo underlining the problems with the current spec's
> mandated interpolation algorithm, see here:
> http://people.mozilla.org/~bjacob/transform-animation-not-covariant.html
>

>From your web page:

the CSS Transforms
spec<http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-transforms/#matrix-interpolation>mandates
matrix interpolation to be performed is not
coordinate-independent, i.e. isn't an interpolation of just the geometric
transformations but rather an interpolation of quantities that depend on
the coordinate system,


That is not corrrect. Interpolation happens on the specified transform
functions. see:
http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-transforms/#interpolation-of-transforms
Matrix interpolation will only happen if you specify a matrix which will
happen very rarely or if there's a mismatch of transform functions (which
is likely a user error)

I even linked to your article, which turned up as the first google search
> result for "polar decomposition animation" !
>
> Here's hoping that we can get a polar-decomposition-based solution
> accepted...
>

Would it be possible to create a test page that shows the results of this
decomposition?
I created a sample page here:
http://jsfiddle.net/cabanier/Vv84m/embedded/result/ that shows some common
interpolations.
Safari is the only one that implements the current spec and has the most
intuitive behavior. It would be good if we could see what animations using
polar decomposition would look like.

2014-01-08 12:17 GMT-05:00 <css3@userks.e4ward.com>:
>
> Greetings.
>>
>> It is delightful to see 3D capabilities coming to CSS styling.
>>
>> It is disappointing to see the choice for matrix interpolation.
>>
>> Specifically, I'm looking at Section 20: Interpolation of matrices.
>>
>>   <http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-transforms/#matrix-interpolation>
>>
>> The draft standard specifies using a method found in Graphics Gems II,
>> edited by Jim Arvo.
>>
>> However, in 1992 I published a paper with Tom Duff, entitled "Matrix
>> Animation and Polar Decomposition", which has important advantages set
>> out there.
>>
>>   <http://academic.research.microsoft.com/Paper/371892.aspx>
>>
>> For those who do not know the 3D computer graphics literature well, Tom
>> Duff (now at Pixar) has two Academy awards for technical contributions,
>> and I introduced quaternion animation to computer graphics. So perhaps
>> our ideas our worth considering.
>>
>> And if you had only looked at Graphics Gems IV, you would have found my
>> "Polar Matrix Decomposition" on pages 207 through 221, complete with
>> implementation code!
>>
>>   <http://tog.acm.org/resources/GraphicsGems/gemsiv/polar_decomp/>
>>
>>
>>
>> We didn't have any special insight into meaningful ways to deal with
>> perspective elements in a general (4x4) matrix transform, so we
>> improvised for that. Translation is, of course, trivial to split off
>> from an affine transform. So the heart of the paper is how best to split
>> a (3x3) linear transform into meaningful primitives.
>>
>> I have great respect for Spencer Thomas, who wrote "unmatrix"; nor is he
>> the only one to have taken a stab at this puzzle. Animating matrices is
>> generally a method of last resort, and part of the problem is what
>> constitutes a good solution.
>>
>> We claim that a lesser-known numerical analysis split known as the Polar
>> Decomposition has a number of advantages over prior efforts, including
>> an explicit criterion for a good solution.
>>
>> For purposes of CSS transforms, note that it is trivial to compute the
>> Polar Decomposition of a 2x2 matrix. (The original paper explains how.)
>>
>> Since the paper was written, numerical analysts have found even more
>> clever ways to do the split in higher dimensions; 3x3 matrices require
>> little work even with a simple Newton iteration.
>>
>>   Q_{0} = M
>>   Q_{i+1} = ( Q_{i} + Q_{i}^{-T} ) / 2
>>
>> That is, we set Q to the 3x3 matrix M, and repeatedly average Q with its
>> inverse transpose to converge Q to an orthogonal matrix.
>>
>> A non-singular matrix M has a unique nearest orthogonal matrix, which is
>> precisely what we will get -- and what we want. (See the paper.)
>>
>> Having cleanly split off M's rotation part (possibly with a negation) as
>> Q, what remains is purely scaling.
>>
>>   S = Q^{T} M
>>
>> It is unrealistic to expect S to be diagonal; Polar Decomposition is
>> "physical", essentially independent of coordinate system. So S will in
>> general take the form it must when the scaling axes are not the same as
>> the matrix axes: it will be symmetric and non-negative definite.
>>
>> The paper lays out the options and implications for animation once we
>> have the split.
>>
>>
>>
>> If you have already considered and discarded Polar Decomposition, my
>> apologies. If not, I urge you to try it.
>>
>>  -- Ken Shoemake
>>
>>
>>
>>
>