Re: ChatGPT, ontologies and SPARQL

next time when you working in a regulated industry and using an embedding
model, and a regulator asks as part of data governance how the result was
produced and whether the model was correct in producing such a result based
on the implementation - you can let them know that you consider it as a
'legal speculation' and see how well that goes down.

On Mon, 23 Jan 2023 at 10:37, Dan Brickley <danbri@danbri.org> wrote:

> Periodic reminder: this list is not for legal speculation
>
> Thanks!
>
> On Mon, 23 Jan 2023 at 10:26, Adeel <aahmad1811@gmail.com> wrote:
>
>> Hello,
>>
>> All the embedding models are non-compliant to use in EU/UK region as they
>> lack transparency. You can't really use them in regulated environments
>> without loss of lineage in the data governance which is necessary for
>> regulatory compliance. They probably need to prioritize interpretability
>> and explainability within their models. But, likely they don't care because
>> platforms like hugging face are based in USA where such trustworthy efforts
>> are non-existent and not a priority.
>>
>> 1) how the result was produced
>> 2) whether the model was correct in producing such a result based on the
>> implementation
>> 3) training dataset bias - bias debasing, etc.
>> 4) how to resolve the bias laundering effect
>>
>> Thanks,
>>
>> Adeel
>>
>>
>> On Sat, 21 Jan 2023 at 15:09, ProjectParadigm-ICT-Program <
>> metadataportals@yahoo.com> wrote:
>>
>>> Large language model interfaces with knowledge bases are a key
>>> ingredient for digital empowerment of all stakeholders in the promotion of
>>> sustainable development.
>>>
>>> The sad reality is that of the 7,151 living languages (source:
>>> http://www.ethnologue.com) fewer than 200 are served currently in NLP
>>> applications and AI chatbots.
>>>
>>> Even though there are linguistic tools available in principle to support
>>> digital environments for all languages with populations of speakers of e.g.
>>> 1,000 or more the situation is comparable to the pharmaceutical industry
>>> where only the discovery and development of new drugs for large enough
>>> markets is pursued.
>>>
>>> So we can actually state that wide scale applications of chatbot
>>> applications and similar AI NLP application will only widen the digital
>>> divide. See more about this on https://www.sil.org.
>>> <http://www.sil.org.>
>>>
>>> The GLIKI project (https://gliki.wordpress.com) was formulated to help
>>> bridge this divide. This project is soon going into execution mode.
>>>
>>> It is also instructive to see what the IFLA, International Federation of
>>> Library Associations (https://www.ifla.org) is doing in terms of open
>>> access to knowledge.
>>>
>>> Open access to digital libraries and knowledge repositories is crucial
>>> in developing countries and is currently a totally neglected and ignored
>>> subject with Big Internet Tech companies, yet these developing countries
>>> provide a huge potential customer base for internet services, in particular
>>> for online education, online healthcare, cloud and edge computing services.
>>>
>>> Bilingual access (one international language and a native language)
>>> could boost internet services and stimulate local development of NLP and AI
>>> applications.
>>>
>>> Milton Ponson
>>> GSM: +297 747 8280
>>> PO Box 1154, Oranjestad
>>> Aruba, Dutch Caribbean
>>> Project Paradigm: Bringing the ICT tools for sustainable development to
>>> all stakeholders worldwide through collaborative research on applied
>>> mathematics, advanced modeling, software and standards development
>>>
>>>
>>> On Friday, January 20, 2023 at 12:39:15 AM AST, Adam Sobieski <
>>> adamsobieski@hotmail.com> wrote:
>>>
>>>
>>> Hello. I am also thinking about artificial neural networks, dialogue
>>> systems, and Semantic Web technologies, as Xavier asked about. I agree with
>>> Paola that natural-language interfaces to knowledgebases have been a while
>>> coming. Thank you, Dan, for pointing out:
>>> https://github.com/jerryjliu/gpt_index .
>>>
>>> In the near future, it could be the case that content could move between
>>> the semantic working memories of artificial neural networks and external
>>> knowledgebases.
>>>
>>> I would like to share a hyperlink to an article which I recently wrote.
>>> The article discusses artificial neural networks, (cognitive) semantics,
>>> and semantic cognition. The article is, however, more about DALL-E 2 than
>>> ChatGPT.
>>>
>>> In the short article: I envision systems which can bidirectionally
>>> transform content pairwise between language, visual imagery, and semantics;
>>> I discuss the ideas of artificial concepts, categories, attributes, and
>>> relationships; and I show that varieties of multimodal semantics are
>>> already enhancing the performance of AI systems with respect to visual
>>> question answering, language-related, and vision-related tasks.
>>>
>>> The article is available here:
>>> https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/artificial-neural-networks-semantic-cognition-adam-sobieski/
>>>  .
>>>
>>> If you enjoy the article, please do like and share it on LinkedIn! Thank
>>> you.
>>>
>>>
>>> Best regards,
>>> Adam
>>>
>>> ------------------------------
>>> *From:* Dan Brickley <danbri@danbri.org>
>>> *Sent:* Thursday, January 19, 2023 12:56 AM
>>> *To:* Paola Di Maio <paoladimaio10@gmail.com>
>>> *Cc:* SW-forum <semantic-web@w3.org>; W3C AIKR CG <public-aikr@w3.org>
>>> *Subject:* Re: ChatGPT, ontologies and SPARQL
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> On Thu, 19 Jan 2023 at 04:14, Paola Di Maio <paoladimaio10@gmail.com>
>>> wrote:
>>>
>>> The semantic web has been waiting for natural language interfaces (well,
>>> at least I have)
>>> for decades, ideally read and write
>>> if this tool can be used like that then lets see it
>>>
>>> @Danbri share results sometime?
>>>
>>>
>>> Search twitter: chatgpt sparql
>>> … lots of folk experimenting
>>>
>>> Dan
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> On Wed, Jan 18, 2023 at 10:33 PM Dan Brickley <danbri@danbri.org> wrote:
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> On Wed, 18 Jan 2023 at 14:21, Paola Di Maio <paola.dimaio@gmail.com>
>>> wrote:
>>>
>>> fyi - would be good to be able to generate sparql queries and interact
>>> with ontologies using natural language
>>> thanks to this user for discovering this feature
>>>
>>>
>>> In general these new large LLM models seem to have a weird effect on
>>> commentators: their ability to casually and confidently just make up
>>> answers, tends to distract from their less exciting but potentially
>>> transformative ability to kinda-sorta-kinda “understand” questions
>>> expressed in natural language.
>>>
>>> Dan
>>>
>>> ps. folk here might find
>>> https://github.com/jerryjliu/gpt_index worth exploring, as a tool that
>>> supports idea of combining LLMs with external data. I have also had
>>> promising results using GPT-* etc to generate SPARQL…
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> ---------- Forwarded message ---------
>>> From: *Paola Di Maio* <paola.dimaio@gmail.com>
>>> Date: Wed, Jan 18, 2023 at 10:15 PM
>>> Subject: Re: ChatGPT, ontologies and SPARQL
>>> To: Contact - Cogsonomy <contact@cogsonomy.fr>
>>> Cc: Semantic Web <semantic-web@w3.org>
>>>
>>>
>>> assuming the syntax is good
>>>  (your example validates here http://sparql.org/$/validate/query)
>>> then it looks like a big YES
>>> It would be amazing to have a tool that can translate natural language
>>> queries into sparql
>>> and remove a major hurdle to using open ontologies on the web
>>> Please, lets set up a catalogue of examples and evaluate the results
>>> great functionality if it works
>>> thank you
>>>
>>>
>>> On Tue, Jan 17, 2023 at 10:41 PM Contact - Cogsonomy <
>>> contact@cogsonomy.fr> wrote:
>>>
>>> Hi,
>>>
>>> I asked chatGPT to create a sparql query for DBPedia by translating my
>>> question expressed in natural language : "Give me all the names of the
>>> cities located in France whose number of inhabitants is greater than
>>> 10,000".
>>>
>>> Its answer was as follows :
>>>
>>> *here's the SPARQL query to answer the question:*
>>>
>>> *PREFIX dbo: <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/>
>>> <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/>*
>>> *PREFIX dbr: <http://dbpedia.org/resource/>
>>> <http://dbpedia.org/resource/>*
>>> *SELECT ?city *
>>> *WHERE {*
>>> *  ?city a dbo:City;*
>>> *        dbo:populationTotal ?population;*
>>> *        dbo:country dbr:France.*
>>> *  FILTER (?population > 10000)*
>>> *}*
>>>
>>> *This query uses the dbo prefix to access the DBpedia ontology and the
>>> dbr prefix to access the DBpedia resources. It selects the names of cities
>>> (?city) that are instances of dbo:City, have a total population
>>> (?population) greater than 10000, and have the dbo:country property with
>>> the value dbr:France (which represents France).*
>>>
>>> We can see on social networks several tests of chatGPT related to
>>> ontologies.  Do you think we can use chatGPT to query natural language
>>> ontologies (if we give it the structure before, of course)? And if we give
>>> a consequent corpus in learning to the GPT-3 algorithm (or its successor),
>>> do you think that it could build the ontology based on this corpus? More
>>> generally, will our vision of ontologies not be modified by the arrival and
>>> the rise of this kind of tool?
>>>
>>> Best regards,
>>>
>>>          Xavier
>>>
>>>