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Understanding Guideline 3.1 L3 SC2
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Techniques for meeting Guideline 3.1 L3 SC2
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Benefits and Examples of Guideline 3.1 L3 SC2
2. A mechanism is available for finding the pronunciation
of all words in text content.
Note: This
success criterion is in DRAFT form. It is presented to the Web Content
Accessibility Guidelines Working Group as a formal proposal, but it has not
earned the consensus of the Working Group, and it does not appear in the
current Public Working Draft at http://www.w3.org/tr/wcag20. It is presented
here for discussion only. It must not be cited as a normative
reference.
Text content
[WCAG
definition of text goes here]
Available
Ready for
use or service; usable
[Note: The baseline impact
analysis for guidelines and SC recommended that the phrase “is available]” be
used in this and a number of other SC as a way to describe a “functional
outcome.” I am concerned that the phrase is vague and subject to intentional misinterpretation—e.g., a mechanism is available
but we didn’t implement it.” To avoid this, we may want to consider changing
“mechanism is available” to something like “mechanism has been implemented” or
“is available to the user.”]
The intent of this success criterion is to provide the
correct pronunciation for all words in the text of the delivery unit.
This criterion applies when the delivery unit contains
text.
There are several ways to address this success criterion.
·
Add a talking dictionary to the dictionary
cascade. (See The Guide to Guideline 3.1 L2 SC2 for information about the
dictionary cascade.) Talking dictionaries speak the target word as well as the definition.
·
For names and other words that are not found in the talking dictionary, consider the
following:
o
Add the names and pronunciation information to
the glossary;
o
Link to an audio recording of the spoken name;
or
o
Show the pronunciation in the text.
Include a pronunciation lexicon for voice applications.
Technology-Specific
Techniques for Guideline 3.1 L3 SC2
Techniques for associating content with information about
pronunciation vary depending upon the type and language of the content.
Ruby Annotation is appropriate for indicating
pronunciation in some languages, such as Japanese, Chinese, and Korean. However, Ruby is unnecessary in other
languages such as Hebrew, where Unicode fonts can include diacritical marks
that convey pronunciation.
However, Ruby may also be used for non-Asian
languages and to provide interlinear text.
·
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/ruby/">Ruby
Annotation</a>
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<a
href="http://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20-HTML-TECHS/#lang-att_change">Identifying
language changes</a>
CSS Techniques
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<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-ruby">CSS
3 Ruby</a>
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Use markup and visual formatting to help users
recognize words for which pronunciation is available.
·
Choose tools that support additional
pronunciation information when choosing server-based solutions to speak text
content on demand.
·
Provide a voice-enabled dictionary search, so
that users who have difficulty typing or spelling can speak the word whose
definition they need.
This success criterion helps people with disabilities
that make it difficult to recognize words, especially names and long or unfamiliar
words. It also helps people who have difficulty recognizing spoken words that
are not pronounced correctly.
Example
1: A talking dictionary in the dictionary cascade.
The Web site for a university course in biology includes
the scientific and common names of many organisms. A student who has dyslexia
uses the site’s “Speak word” button to hear the name of a bacterium.
Example
2: A voice application with a pronunciation lexicon.
An airline Web site has a voice-enabled application for
checking flight information. The site’s pronunciation lexicon includes the
names of all cities that the airline serves. The application speaks the names
as speakers of the site’s primary language would expect to hear them.
·
The W3C’s Voice Browser Working Group has
published a Working Draft of the Pronunciation Lexicon Specification 1.0. Retrieved17 April 2005 from
http://www.w3.org/TR/pronunciation-lexicon/#S2. At the time of this writing,
the Working Draft was dated
·
The W3C’s Internationalization Working Group
maintains a range of useful resources about language. The site is available at
http://www.w3.org/International/. Retrieved