From the "Terms and definition" in N421_SynAF_CD_ISO_24615 General comment by TD: I use the term RDF in this document also for all data models building on the top of RDF (RDF(s) and OWL) 4.1 Annotation: code associated with parts of text and providing for additional information about this part of text. NOTE In this document we use “annotation” as a short form for “linguistic” annotation, meaning the kind of textual enrichment that can be provided by linguistic information, which is here limited to morpho-syntax and syntax. Comment (TD): I guess this can be covered by the Web Annotation Data Model? 4.2 Category: feature value providing the content of a node Comment (TD): We would here suggest the reuse of LexInfo 4.3 Chunk 4.4 (comment TD: a lyaout problem in the orginal (provisional) document. 4.3 = 4.4) constituent of a particular type, in the sense that it is not allow recursion within the constituent NOTE So normally a noun phrase (NP) should not embed another one Comment (TD): Have to investigate how to express this restriction in RDF. Is this kind of consituent (chunk) in OLiA? 4.5 Clause group of phrases, usually containing a verb, which valency also determines the number of obligatory clause elements (phrases) NOTE A clause can be either a main clause or a subordinated clause. Clauses can be either finite or non-finite, in dependency of the mode of its verb. Usually, a finite clause contains at least a subject in addition to the verb. A main clause alone can build a complete sentence. In our model, a clause is a special case of a constituent. Comment (TD): This seems to be covered by OLiA (http://purl.org/olia/sfb632.owl#CONST and http://purl.org/olia/sfb632.owl#Clause) 4.6 Constituent type of nodes we find in the syntactic annotation are building a constituent (to be revised) Comment (TD): This seems to be covered by OLiA (http://purl.org/olia/sfb632.owl#CONST) 4.7 Constituency relation syntactic grouping of words (into phrases), phrases (into clauses) or clauses (into a sentence) on the base of structural (or hierarchical) properties Comment (TD): Part of this seems to be covered by OLiA, but unclear to me how a syntax tree can be represented in OLiA. Are hierarchical properties defined in OLiA? 4.8 Dependency relation relation between constituents on the base of grammatical functions constituents plays in relation to each other within the larger constituent they are embedded in Comment (TD): I think OLiA is covering this (http://purl.org/olia/sfb632.owl#FUNCTION). To be seen if there is an exact match between "dependency relation" and OLiA "FUNCTION") Edge (TD: here again a layout issue in the provisional DIS document, but the content is clear) 4.9 triplet with a source node, a target node, and a label NOTE Non-terminal nodes have an outgoing constituency edges. Grammatical function grammatical role of a constituent within its embedding syntactic environment NOTE So an NP can act as a subject within a sentence. We speak here also of a grammatical relation between the subject-NP and the main verb in a sentence. We subsume all those grammatical relations (Subject-Predicate, Head-Modifier, etc.) under the concept of dependency relations. Comment (TD): I think most of it is covered by OLiA (http://purl.org/olia/sfb632.owl#FUNCTION). But I do not see a OLiA class for "Edge". And is "dependency" relation overlapping with http://purl.org/olia/sfb632.owl#FUNCTION ? Myself I suggest the introduction of such a class (like a class for Terminals, Non-Terminals, Syntactic Annotation and Word-Level Annotation, which are all "classes" in the SynAF DIS document) 4.10 Graph model for representing objects that can be viewed as a connected set of more elementary sub-objects Comment (TD): I think this is RDF (and Web Annotation), right? 4.11 Head most important word in a constituent that carries the main meaning of the phrase NOTE The head of a constituent cannot be left out. Comment (TD): I do not see this explicitely in OLiA. There is the notion of a verbal head, but I not see a class for "head". We might need to add this. But LexInfo hat a property http://www.lexinfo.net/ontology/3.0/lexinfo#head. We need then to add a restrition to the constituents that they must have a head. 4.12 Hierarchy relative position of constituents in a syntactic tree Human language technology technology as applied to natural languages Comment (TD): I do not see position information in OLiA or in LexInfo. Maybe in Web Annotation? 4.13 Label feature value providing the content of an edge Comment (TD): Well this basically covered by RDF(s) (or SKOS etc..) 4.15 Modifier part of the constituent which ascribes a property to the head of the constituent NOTE A modifier may be placed before or after the head of the phrase (pre-modifier or postmodifier). Modifiers are optional in a constituent Comment (TD): LexInfo has a property modificationType that could cover this feature of SynAF 4.17 Node pair consisting of a (possibly multiple) span and a category NOTE Non-Terminal nodes have an outgoing constituency edges. Comment (TD): I created such a class -- with two subclasses for Terminal and non-Terminal nodes 4.18 Phrases word or group of words which can fulfil a grammatical function in a clause NOTE But we allow empty phrases (as the example of the empty NP in Italian and Spanish, being no-realised pronouns and having the role of subjects in clauses). A phrase is typically named after the most important word in it (which we also call the head), so we have for example noun phrases, verb phrases, adjective phrases, adverbial phrases and prepositional phrases.). Phrases have been informally described as ”bloated words”, in that the parts of the phrase that are added to the head elaborate and specify the reference of the head word. In our model, a phrase is a special case of a constituent. Comment (TD): I think this is in great part covered by OLiA (but the informationon on the head is missing, and we can incorporate it from LexInfo (Property), with the need to express a restriction). Do we allow emty phrases in OLiA? For the span: Web Annotation should be covering this, I guess. Start Span = End Span. 4.19 Sentences sequence of words, starting very often with a capital letter up to a final punctuation mark NOTE But his definition is too restricted to layout property of certain language styles. A usage rule says that a complete sentence must contain a subject and a verb (in finite mode). A sentence consists of one or more clauses. In describing speech, it is common to talk about 'utterances' rather than sentences. Comment (TD): OLiA convers this, biut as a part of the clause Class (http://purl.org/olia/sfb632.owl#Clause). Maybe we need to further specilize the "clause" class of OLiA. I guess we need to also consider the note on "utterances" (but this is beyond synaf). 4.20 Span pair of points identifying a segment of the document submitted to syntactic annotation NOTE The first point is less or equal to the second point. A multiple span is sequence of spans where the ending point of each span is less or equal to the starting point of the subsequent span. Comment (TD): I guess Web Annotation is covering this point. 4.21 Specifier part of a constituent that specifies the head (or the combination of modifier and head) with information about number, definiteness, proximity and ownership Comment (TD): I didn't a direct correspondance for this feature either in OLiA nor in LexInfo. We might need to create a class or a property for this. 4.22 Subordinated clause clause which fulfils a grammatical function in a phrase (for example a relative clause modifying the head noun of a nominal phrase) or in another clause NOTE A subordinated clause can not act on its own as a sentence. Comment (TD): in OLiA subordinated clause is not a subclass of clause. Mybe we shoud go for this? Need to add the restriction that a Subordinated clause can not be a sentence (but is this true for all languages?) a sentence. 4.23 Subcategorization frame set of restrictions indicating the properties of the syntactic arguments that can or must occur with it Example: Alfred (syntactic argument) read a book (syntactic argument) today (adjunct) NOTE The subject, indirect object and direct object are possible grammatical relations for a sentence. Comment (TD): it can be that the core module of ontolex is covering this (https://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/synsem#SyntacticFrame).