- From: Richard Cyganiak <richard.cyganiak@hp.com>
- Date: Thu, 04 Aug 2005 10:05:21 +0100
- To: Andrea Splendiani <andrea@pasteur.fr>
- Cc: semantic-web@w3.org
Hi Andrea, Yes, the object of any rdf:first statement must be an rdfs:Resource. There's a widespread assumption that only URIs and blank nodes are resources, but according to RDF Semantics, that's not true. All literals are members of the class rdfs:Resource. The example and your ontology are correct, and the validator is wrong. Richard On Thu, 2005-08-04 at 04:00 +0200, Andrea Splendiani wrote: > > > ______________________________________________________________________ > > Hi all, > > I have problems with a piece of an ontology where the validator > complains about the object of the rdf:first property not being a > resource. However it seems this is possible: > > From the enumerated data type example in the official documentation I > get: > > > <owl:DatatypeProperty rdf:ID="tennisGameScore"> > <rdfs:range> > <owl:DataRange> > <owl:oneOf> > <rdf:List> > <rdf:first rdf:datatype="&xsd;integer">0</rdf:first> > <rdf:rest> > <rdf:List> > <rdf:first rdf:datatype="&xsd;integer">15</rdf:first> > <rdf:rest> > <rdf:List> > <rdf:first > rdf:datatype="&xsd;integer">30</rdf:first> > <rdf:rest> > <rdf:List> > <rdf:first > rdf:datatype="&xsd;integer">40</rdf:first> > <rdf:rest rdf:resource="&rdf;nil" /> > </rdf:List> > </rdf:rest> > </rdf:List> > </rdf:rest> > </rdf:List> > </rdf:rest> > </rdf:List> > </owl:oneOf> > </owl:DataRange> > </rdfs:range> > </owl:DatatypeProperty> > > My ontology its similar (Protégé ouputi for the Range/Allowed values > Datatype restriction: > > <rdfs:range rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double"/> > </owl:DatatypeProperty> > <owl:DatatypeProperty rdf:about="#CONTROL-TYPE"> > <rdfs:range> > <owl:DataRange> > <owl:oneOf rdf:parseType="Resource"> > <rdf:first > rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string" > >INHIBITION</rdf:first> > <rdf:rest rdf:parseType="Resource"> > <rdf:rest rdf:parseType="Resource"> > <rdf:first > rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string" > >INHIBITION-ALLOSTERIC</rdf:first> > <rdf:rest rdf:parseType="Resource"> > <rdf:first > rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string" > >INHIBITION-COMPETITIVE</rdf:first> > <rdf:rest rdf:parseType="Resource"> > <rdf:rest rdf:parseType="Resource"> > <rdf:rest rdf:parseType="Resource"> > <rdf:first > rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string" > >INHIBITION-OTHER</rdf:first> > <rdf:rest rdf:parseType="Resource"> > <rdf:rest rdf:parseType="Resource"> > <rdf:rest rdf:parseType="Resource"> > <rdf:rest rdf:parseType="Resource"> > <rdf:rest rdf:parseType="Resource"> > <rdf:first > rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string" > >ACTIVATION-ALLOSTERIC</rdf:first> > <rdf:rest > rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil"/> > </rdf:rest> > <rdf:first > rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string" > >ACTIVATION-NONALLOSTERIC</rdf:first> > </rdf:rest> > <rdf:first > rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string" > >ACTIVATION-UNKMECH</rdf:first> > </rdf:rest> > <rdf:first > rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string" > >INHIBITION-UNKMECH</rdf:first> > </rdf:rest> > <rdf:first > rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string" > >INHIBITION-UNCOMPETITIVE</rdf:first> > </rdf:rest> > </rdf:rest> > <rdf:first > rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string" > >INHIBITION-NONCOMPETITIVE</rdf:first> > </rdf:rest> > <rdf:first > rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string" > >INHIBITION-IRREVERSIBLE</rdf:first> > </rdf:rest> > </rdf:rest> > </rdf:rest> > <rdf:first > rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string" > >ACTIVATION</rdf:first> > </rdf:rest> > </owl:oneOf> > </owl:DataRange> > </rdfs:range> > > Finally, when I run the validator (vowlidator) I get the following > errors (warnings) : > > > [3] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that > object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource. > At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7fa3, http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax- > ns#first, "ACTIVATION- > UNKMECH":http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string] line 1113 > > > > [4] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that > object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource. > At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7fa4, http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax- > ns#first, "ACTIVATION- > NONALLOSTERIC":http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string] line 1110 > > > > [5] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that > object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class. (Object > is declared type [http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#DataRange]) > At [http://www.biopax.org/release/biopax-level1.owl#SPONTANEOUS, > http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#range, 65a43b:105328707b3:-7fb6] > line 952 > > > > [6] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that > object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource. > At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7fa9, http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax- > ns#first, "INHIBITION":http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string] line > 1087 > > > > [7] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that > object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class. (Object > is declared type [http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#DataRange]) > At [http://www.biopax.org/release/biopax-level1.owl#STRUCTURE-FORMAT, > http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#range, 65a43b:105328707b3:-7fb3] > line 981 > > > > [8] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that > object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource. > At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7fb5, http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax- > ns#first, "R-L":http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string] line 946 > > > > [9] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that > object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource. > At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7fb1, http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax- > ns#first, "SMILES":http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string] line 977 > > > > [10] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that > object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource. > At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7f9f, http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax- > ns#first, "INHIBITION- > IRREVERSIBLE":http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string] line 1126 > > > > [11] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that > object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource. > At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7fad, http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax- > ns#first, "IRREVERSIBLE-LEFT-TO- > RIGHT":http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string] line 1043 > > > > [12] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that > object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource. > At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7fa2, http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax- > ns#first, "INHIBITION- > UNKMECH":http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string] line 1116 > > > > [13] WARNING - Domain Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that > subject is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class. > (Subject is declared type [http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#DataRange]) > At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7fb0, http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#oneOf, > 65a43b:105328707b3:-7fab] line 1051 > > > > [14] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that > object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource. > At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7fa5, http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax- > ns#first, "ACTIVATION- > ALLOSTERIC":http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string] line 1106 > > > > [15] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that > object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource. > At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7fac, http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax- > ns#first, "PHYSIOL-RIGHT-TO- > LEFT":http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string] line 1046 > > > > [16] WARNING - Domain Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that > subject is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class. > (Subject is declared type [http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#DataRange]) > At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7faa, http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#oneOf, > 65a43b:105328707b3:-7fa9] line 1133 > > > > [17] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that > object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource. > At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7fa7, http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax- > ns#first, "INHIBITION- > COMPETITIVE":http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string] line 1094 > > > > [18] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that > object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class. (Object > is declared type [http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#DataRange]) > At [http://www.biopax.org/release/biopax-level1.owl#DIRECTION, > http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#range, 65a43b:105328707b3:-7fb0] > line 1053 > > > > [19] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that > object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class. (Object > is declared type [http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#DataRange]) > At [http://www.biopax.org/release/biopax-level1.owl#CONTROL-TYPE, > http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#range, 65a43b:105328707b3:-7faa] > line 1135 > > > > [20] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that > object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource. > At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7fa8, http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax- > ns#first, "INHIBITION- > ALLOSTERIC":http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string] line 1091 > > > > [21] WARNING - Domain Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that > subject is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class. > (Subject is declared type [http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#DataRange]) > At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7fb6, http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#oneOf, > 65a43b:105328707b3:-7fb4] line 950 > > > > [22] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that > object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource. > At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7faf, http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax- > ns#first, "PHYSIOL-LEFT-TO- > RIGHT":http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string] line 1034 > > > > [23] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that > object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource. > At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7f9e, http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax- > ns#first, "ACTIVATION":http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string] line > 1131 > > > > [24] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that > object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource. > At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7fb2, http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax- > ns#first, "CML":http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string] line 973 > > > > [25] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that > object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource. > At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7fa0, http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax- > ns#first, "INHIBITION- > NONCOMPETITIVE":http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string] line 1123 > > > > [26] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that > object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource. > At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7fab, http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax- > ns#first, "REVERSIBLE":http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string] line > 1050 > > > > [27] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that > object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource. > At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7fa1, http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax- > ns#first, "INHIBITION- > UNCOMPETITIVE":http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string] line 1119 > > > > [28] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that > object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource. > At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7fae, http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax- > ns#first, "IRREVERSIBLE-RIGHT-TO- > LEFT":http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string] line 1040 > > > > [29] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that > object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource. > At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7fa6, http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax- > ns#first, "INHIBITION-OTHER":http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string] > line 1099 > > > > [30] WARNING - Domain Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that > subject is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class. > (Subject is declared type [http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#DataRange]) > At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7fb3, http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#oneOf, > 65a43b:105328707b3:-7fb2] line 979 > > > > [31] WARNING - Range Type Mismatch: Use of this property implies that > object is of type http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource. > At [65a43b:105328707b3:-7fb4, http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax- > ns#first, "L-R":http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string] line 949 > > > It seems to me mostly a validator's problem. > Any hints ? > > best, > Andrea Splendiani > >
Received on Thursday, 4 August 2005 09:06:51 UTC