Re: Some interesting things that show up when using a reasoner to classify schema.org

> On Jan 22, 2015, at 3:48 AM, Martin Hepp <martin.hepp@unibw.de> wrote:
> 
> Ah! Yes, that is also a viable way, much better than my proposal! The key advantage over my proposal is that the Python code for generating the documentation does not need to change - rangeIncludes effectively becomes rangeHint and domainIncludes domainHint, and the integrity constraint axioms will be modeled using rdfs:domain and rdfs:range with complex class definitions, as in this example (from GoodRelations):
> 
> gr:condition a owl:DatatypeProperty;
>  rdfs:comment "A textual description of the condition of the product or service, or the products or services included in the offer (when attached to a gr:Offering)"@en;
>  rdfs:domain  [ a owl:Class; 
>        owl:unionOf (gr:Offering gr:ProductOrService) ];
>  rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/goodrelations/v1>;
>  rdfs:label "condition (0..1)"@en;
>  rdfs:range rdfs:Literal.

The difference between using the unionOf and domainIncludes variation is that domainIncludes is open, and allows other vocabularies to extend the domain for their purpose (as, for example, yoursports.com does). Whereas, unionOf uses an rdf:List, which can't be extended. Other than the extensibility issues, then domain/rangeIncludes are essentially the same as unionOf.

Gregg

> Martin
> 
> --------------------------------------------------------
> martin hepp
> e-business & web science research group
> universitaet der bundeswehr muenchen
> 
> e-mail:  martin.hepp@unibw.de
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> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> On 22 Jan 2015, at 12:21, ☮ elf Pavlik ☮ <perpetual-tripper@wwelves.org> wrote:
> 
>> On 01/22/2015 11:36 AM, Martin Hepp wrote:
>>> Hi elf:
>>> 
>>> On 22 Jan 2015, at 11:26, ☮ elf Pavlik ☮ <perpetual-tripper@wwelves.org> wrote:
>>> 
>>>> On 01/21/2015 05:21 PM, Martin Hepp wrote:
>>>>> Hi Dan,
>>>>> A hands-on solution would be to add two internal "annotation" properties "rangeHint" and "domainHint" that allow explicitly triggering the display of certain schema.org types in the documentation.
>>>>> 
>>>>> 
>>>>>  <div typeof="rdf:Property" resource="http://schema.org/purpose">
>>>>> ...
>>>>>    <span>Range: <a property="http://schema.org/rangeHint" href="http://schema.org/MedicalDevicePurpose">MedicalDevicePurpose</a></span>
>>>>>    <span>Range: <a property="http://schema.org/rangeIncludes" href="http://schema.org/Thing">Thing</a></span>
>>>>>  </div>
>>>>> 
>>>>> 
>>>>> The documentation could then list the formal range (Thing) and popular types for the range (e.g. MedicalDevicePurpose)
>>>> 
>>>> http://schema.org/rangeIncludes
>>>> Relates a property to a class that constitutes (one of) the expected
>>>> type(s) for values of the property.
>>>> 
>>>> http://schema.org/domainIncludes
>>>> Relates a property to a class that is (one of) the type(s) the property
>>>> is expected to be used on.
>>>> 
>>>> AFAIK both of those don't cause any inferences so in a way they already
>>>> act in a similar way to rangeHint and domainHint which you propose.
>>>> 
>>>> If rangeIncludes and domainIncludes have some *formal* consequences I
>>>> think they could use bit more of documenting.
>>>> http://schema.org/docs/datamodel.html
>>> 
>>> You are right that the documentation does not say so, but I assume the Google Structured Data Testing Tool and production systems inside Google/Bing/Yahoo/Yandex use rangeIncludes and domainIncludes to assess the validity of data.
>>> 
>>> The beginning of the discussion was that Simon reported a range of e.g. "Place OR Restaurant" as an inconsistency, and I replied that such patterns are in use in order to trigger more specific type hints.
>>> 
>>> If rangeIncludes and domainIncludes were just for type hints, we would not need to fix such domain or range specifications.
>>> 
>>> In my understand, rangeIncludes and domainIncludes were introduced in order to avoid the unintuitive semantics of domain and range in RDFS and OWL, and to be able to list alternative classes without defining a complex class that is the union thereof. 
>>>> 
>>>> BTW James M Snell in Activity Streams 2.0 uses owl:unionOf to specify
>>>> multiple types for domain and range. Maybe (domain/range)Includes could
>>>> act just as hints and schema.org could use something similar for
>>>> expressing *formal* consequences?
>>> 
>>> GoodRelations has been using this pattern since ca 2008, too - as a means to stay within OWL without triggering unintended additional type inferences.
>>> 
>>> But still this pattern does not allow giving hints to users on popular specializations of the formally defined type or types.
>> 
>> I wanted to suggest that - instead of adding yet another informal way of
>> specifying domain and range using *Hint. We could acknowledge current
>> *Includes properties as informal hints intended for broad community of
>> people, who develop various tools for publishing data on the web. Then
>> we can add proper, formal definitions only relevant for much smaller
>> group of developers who work on validators etc. This way we could use
>> more complex constructs from OWL and improve alignment with broader
>> Linked Data ecosystem :)
>> 
>> 
>

Received on Thursday, 22 January 2015 18:28:47 UTC